In recent years, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have garnered increasing attention in cancer research, particularly regarding their mechanisms and clinical significance in gastric cancer. This paper systematically and comprehensively explores the research progress of NETs in gastric cancer, including the formation mechanisms of NETs, their role in the gastric cancer microenvironment, and their impact on the occurrence, development, and metastasis of gastric cancer. By reviewing relevant literature, the paper summarizes the crucial roles of NETs in gastric cancer immune evasion, inflammatory response, and interactions with other tumor cells. The paper indicates that NETs not only promote the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells during the occurrence and progression of gastric cancer but are also closely associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients. Additionally, NETs affect the treatment outcomes of gastric cancer by inducing an immunosuppressive environment and enhancing cancer cell drug resistance. This paper provides a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer and offers insights for further research on NETs in gastric cancer.

近年来，中性粒细胞外陷阱（NETs）在癌症研究中受到越来越多的关注，特别是在胃癌中的作用机制和临床意义。本文系统、全面地探讨了NETs在胃癌中的研究进展，包括NETs的形成机制、在胃癌微环境中的作用及其对胃癌发生、发展和转移的影响，并通过梳理相关文献，总结了NETs在胃癌免疫逃逸、炎症反应及其与其他肿瘤细胞相互作用中的重要角色。本文表明，在胃癌的发生和进展过程中，NETs不仅促进肿瘤细胞的增殖和转移，还与胃癌患者的不良预后密切相关；此外，NETs通过诱导免疫抑制环境和增强癌细胞的耐药性来影响胃癌的治疗效果。本文能够为胃癌的诊断和治疗提供一定的参考，并为NETs在胃癌中的研究进一步深入开展提供借鉴。