Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterized by the loss of muscle atonia and the enactment of dreams during REM sleep, which can significantly impact the quality of life for both patients and their bed partners. RBD can be classified into two types based on the presence or absence of clear precipitating factors: idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) and secondary rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (sRBD). sRBD is often associated with conditions such as narcolepsy, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, and medication use. In recent years, there have been reports of drug-related RBD, particularly associated with antidepressants, antipsychotics, and other medications. This article provided a systematic review of drug-related RBD, summarized its pathological mechanisms and treatment approaches.

快速眼动睡眠行为障碍（RBD）是一种异态睡眠，主要表现为快速眼动（REM）期出现肌张力失弛缓和梦境演绎行为，常对患者及其床伴的生活质量造成严重影响。根据是否存在明确的RBD诱发因素，可将其分为特发性RBD和继发性RBD，后者常与发作性睡病、自身免疫性和炎性疾病及药物使用有关。近年来已经陆续有病例报道抗抑郁药、抗精神病药及少数其他药物可诱发或加重药物相关的RBD。本文主要对药物相关的RBD进行系统回顾，并总结其病理机制及治疗方法。