Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) is one of the most common patterns of co-morbidity aggregated in middle-aged and older adults. It greatly increases the risk of disability and death in our country. Insulin resistance and obesity are closely related to the occurrence and development of cardiometabolic diseases (CMD). The correlation between obesity and various types of CMD has been previously confirmed. The risk of CMM in residents with varying types of obesity and gender may be different and still unclear.

To identify the correlation of the type of obesity and CMM in male and female middle-aged residents in Anhui Province.

The subjects of this study were derived from the Early Screening and Comprehensive Intervention Program for People at High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease carried out in Anhui Province from 2017 to 2021, with a total of 10 project sites involving community residents in 12 counties and cities. Finally, 70 812 permanent middle-aged residents (45-<65 years) were included. Surveying of the subjects was performed by pre-trained investigators, including the general information (age, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, remarriage education level of high school and above, farmers), disease history (hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, stroke, dyslipidemia), physical examination (height, body mass index, waist circumference), and laboratory tests (blood glucose, blood lipids). Subjects were divided into male and female, and sub-divided into non-obese, peripheral obesity, central obesity, and compound obesity. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the correlation of CMM with gender and type of obesity. The effect value in male and female groups with different types of obesity was compared by the Z-test in R package.

A total of 26 726 male and 44 086 female residents were included. The prevalence of CMM in the total population, male and female groups was 14.6% (10 361/70 812), 16.6% (4 445/26 726), and 13.4% (5 916/44 086), respectively. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, stroke, and dyslipidemia among middle-aged residents of Anhui Province was 27.0%, 7.8%, 0.5%, 2.5%, and 29.5%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol consumption, remarriage, education level of high school and above, and occupation of farmers, the risk of CMD significantly increased in the peripheral obesity (OR=1.665, 95% CI=1.599-1.734), central obesity (OR=1.788, 95% CI=1.656-1.930), and compound obesity subgroups (OR=3.020, 95% CI=2.913-3.131) than the non-obesity subgroup (P<0.05). In either the male or female group, the risk of CMM increased sequentially in the peripheral obesity, central obesity, and compound obesity subgroups. In the male group, the OR (95%CI) of an increased risk of CMM in peripheral obesity, central obesity, and compound obesity subgroups compared to the non-obese subgroups was 2.008 (1.822-2.213), 2.281 (1.875-2.774), and 4.137 (3.799-4.504), respectively; while in the female group, it was 1.574 (1.443-1.717), 1.727 (1.509-1.976), and 2.916 (2.721-3.126), respectively (P<0.05). The Z-test results showed a significant difference among the peripheral obesity, central obesity, and compound obesity subgroups in male and female residents (P<0.05). After adjusting for the blood lipids and other related indexes, the risk of CMM in the peripheral obesity, central obesity, and compound obesity subgroups in male and female residents increased sequentially with a significant difference (P<0.05). Z-test showed a significant difference in the risk of CMM in the compound obesity subgroup of male and female residents (Z=2.258, P<0.05) .

The risk of CMM varies in middle-aged residents of Anhui Province with different types of obesity, showing the highest risk in those with compound obesity, followed by central obesity. Male middle-aged residents with compound obesity have a higher risk of CMM than females, serving as a highly concerned population.

心血管代谢性共病（CMM）是中老年人常见的共病聚集模式之一，增加了我国居民致残及死亡的风险。胰岛素抵抗及肥胖与心血管代谢性疾病（CMD）的发生、发展关系密切，目前多项研究已经证实了肥胖与多种CMD具有相关性。不同性别、不同肥胖类型居民发生CMM是否具有差异，目前尚不明确。

基于安徽省不同性别的中年居民，探讨其肥胖类型与CMM的关系。

本研究对象来源于2017—2021年在安徽省开展的心血管疾病高危人群早期筛查与综合干预项目，共10个项目点，对12个县市的社区居民进行调查，最终纳入70 812名中年（45岁≤年龄<65岁）常住居民作为研究对象，由经过专项培训的调查员对受试者进行调查，主要调查的内容包括一般信息（年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、是否在婚、是否为高中及以上学历、是否为农民）、疾病史（高血压、心脏病、糖尿病、脑卒中、血脂异常）、体格检查（身高、体质量、腰围）、实验室检查（血糖、血脂）。按照性别分为男女两组，再分别分为非肥胖、周围型肥胖、中心型肥胖、复合型肥胖不同肥胖亚组，构建Logistic回归分析模型探究男女两组CMM的发生情况及不同肥胖亚组与CMM的关系，采用R软件中的Z检验比较男女两组不同肥胖亚组间的效应值差异。

共纳入男26 726例，女44 086例。总人群CMM的患病率为14.6%（10 361/70 812），男、女性人群CMM患病率分别为16.6%（4 445/26 726）、13.4%（5 916/44 086）。安徽省中年居民高血压、糖尿病、心脏病、脑卒中、血脂异常患病率分别为27.0%、7.8%、0.5%、2.5%、29.5%。Logistic回归分析模型结果显示，在调整年龄、吸烟、饮酒、是否在婚、是否高中及以上学历、是否为农民后，相较非肥胖亚组，外周型肥胖亚组、中心型肥胖亚组、复合型肥胖亚组发生CMD的高危风险依次增加（OR=1.665，95%CI=1.599~1.734；OR=1.788，95%CI=1.656~1.930；OR=3.020，95%CI=2.913~3.131；P<0.05）。在男性人群中，与非肥胖亚组相比，周围型肥胖、中心型肥胖、复合型肥胖亚组发生CMM的风险增加[OR（95%CI）分别为2.008（1.822~2.213）、2.281（1.875~2.774）、4.137（3.799~4.504）]，而在女性人群中分别为1.574（1.443~1.717）、1.727（1.509~1.976）、2.916（2.721~3.126），差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05），Z检验结果显示，男女两组在外周型肥胖、中心型肥胖、复合型肥胖3个亚组之间OR值比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。进一步调整了血脂等相关指标后，男性与女性人群外周型肥胖、中心型肥胖、复合型肥胖亚组发生CMM的风险依次增大，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；男性与女性人群复合型肥胖亚组发生CMM的风险比较，差异有统计学意义（Z=2.258 ，P<0.05）。

安徽省中年不同肥胖类型居民发生CMM的风险不同，复合型肥胖居民发生CMM的风险最高，其次为中心型肥胖。男性人群中年复合型肥胖居民发生CMM的风险较女性更高，应该重点关注此人群。