Chinese General Practice ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (18): 2278-2284.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0416

• Article·Cardiovascular and Metabolic Comorbidities Section • Previous Articles     Next Articles

A Study on the Relationship between the Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity in Individuals Aged 50 and Above

  

  1. 1. Department of General Medicine, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University (Suzhou Municipal Hospital of Anhui Province), Suzhou 234000, China
    2. Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China
  • Received:2024-08-10 Revised:2024-12-15 Published:2025-06-20 Online:2025-04-25
  • Contact: WANG Weiqiang

50岁及以上人群三酰甘油葡萄糖指数与心血管代谢性共病关系的研究

  

  1. 1.234000 安徽省宿州市,安徽医科大学附属宿州医院(安徽省宿州市立医院)全科医学科
    2.230000 安徽省合肥市,安徽医科大学
  • 通讯作者: 王为强
  • 作者简介:

    作者贡献:

    韩正提出主要研究目标,负责研究的构思与设计,研究的实施,撰写论文;韩正、孙梦进行数据的收集与整理,统计学处理,图、表的绘制与展示;傅方琳、潘姚佳进行论文的修订;王为强负责文章的质量控制与审查,对文章整体负责,监督管理。

  • 基金资助:
    安徽省科技创新战略与软科学研究专项计划项目(202106f01050042)

Abstract:

Background

With the progression of aging in China and the increase in the population with multiple coexisting diseases, the high risk associated with cardiovascular-metabolic multimorbidity (CMM) has made it a focal point for research. However, most studies have concentrated on individual cardiovascular metabolic diseases rather than exploring the comprehensive correlations within CMM.

Objective

To investigate the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the risk of CMM in middle-aged and elderly Chinese populations, and to evaluate the role of TyG in the prevention and control of CMM.

Methods

Participants were derived from the Anhui Province High-Risk Population Early Screening and Comprehensive Intervention Project for Cardiovascular Diseases conducted between 2017 and 2021. A total of 94 455 subjects were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Baseline characteristics and laboratory examination indices were collected, and the TyG index was calculated. Multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis was used to explore the impact factors of CMM by TyG as both a continuous variable and different quartiles. Z-tests were applied to compare odds ratio (OR) between groups. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was employed to assess potential non-linear associations, RCS curves were plotted, and the cutoff point where OR=1 was calculated.

Results

Among the participants, 1 456 cases (664 males, 792 females) were identified with CMM, while 92 999 cases (38 313 males, 54 686 females) did not have CMM. In males, patients with CMM had higher age, BMI, mean arterial pressure (MAP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglycerides (TG), proportion of individuals with high school education or above, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, stroke, hypertension, and TyG index compared to those without CMM (P<0.05) ; they also had lower rates of smoking, drinking, farmer occupation, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P<0.05). Men and women were stratified into quartiles based on their TyG index values. For men, the groups were T1 (TyG 6.90-8.33, n=9 745), T2 (TyG 8.34-8.67, n=9 744), T3 (TyG 8.68-9.08, n=9 744), and T4 (TyG 9.09-11.60, n=9 744). For women, the groups were F1 (TyG 7.07-8.49, n=13 870), F2 (TyG 8.50-8.82, n=13 870), F3 (TyG 8.83-9.21, n=13 869), and F4 (TyG 9.22-11.60, n=13 869). Multivariable Logistic stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that after adjusting for age, marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption, educational level (high school or above), occupation (farmer), TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, BMI, hypertension, and MAP, he odds of CMM were 9.045 times higher in T4 than in T1 (OR=9.045, 95%CI=6.372-13.169, P<0.001) and 7.442 times higher in F4 than in F1 (OR=7.442, 95%CI=5.576-10.080, P<0.001). The Z-test indicated no statistically significant difference in the extent of OR elevation between genders (Z=0.824, P=0.410). For each unit increase in TyG, the risk of CMM increased by 3.960 times in males (OR=3.960, 95%CI=3.388-4.620, P<0.001) and by 4.447 times in females (OR=4.447, 95%CI=3.845-5.137, P<0.001), with no statistically significant difference in OR elevation between genders (Z=-1.216, P=0.224). RCS analysis revealed a significant non-linear relationship between TyG index and CMM risk after adjusting for confounders (Pnonlinear<0.05), indicating an increased risk when TyG>8.82 with a notably steeper slope.

Conclusion

The TyG index is closely related to the risk of CMM occurrence in both genders and exhibits similar predictive power. Individuals with a TyG>8.82 should be particularly monitored, and proactive preventive and intervention measures should be implemented to reduce the risk of CMM.

Key words: Cardiovascular diseases, Multiple chronic conditions, Cardiometabolic multimorbidity, Triglyceride-glucose index, Insulin resistance, Anhui Province, Cross-sectional study

摘要:

背景

随着中国老龄化进程加快及多病共存人群的增加,心血管代谢性共病(CMM)的高风险性使其成为研究重点。目前,大部分研究集中于单个心血管代谢性疾病,缺乏对CMM整体相关性的探讨。

目的

探讨我国中老年人群三酰甘油葡萄糖指数(TyG)与CMM发生风险之间的关系,并评估TyG在CMM防治中的作用。

方法

研究对象来源于2017—2021年安徽省心血管病高危人群早期筛查与综合干预项目人群,依据纳入与排除标准最终纳入94 455例研究对象。收集研究对象一般资料和实验室检查指标,计算TyG。采用多因素Logistic逐步回归分析分别探究TyG连续变量和不同四分位数对CMM的影响因素,采用Z检验比较组间的OR值差异。采用限制性立方样条(RCS)分析评估潜在的非线性联系,绘制RCS曲线并计算OR=1的分界点。

结果

纳入研究对象中CMM组共1 456例(男664例,女792例),非CMM组共92 999例(男38 313例,女54 686例)。男性群体中CMM患者年龄、BMI、平均动脉压(MAP)、空腹血糖(FPG)、三酰甘油(TG)、高中及以上学历、糖尿病、缺血性心脏病、卒中、高血压比例、TyG高于非CMM组,吸烟、饮酒、农民比例、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)低于非CMM组(P<0.05);女性群体中CMM组年龄、BMI、MAP、FPG、TG、糖尿病、缺血性心脏病、卒中、高血压比例高于非CMM组,在婚、农民比例、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C低于非CMM组(P<0.05)。分别将男性人群和女性人群按照TyG四分位间距进行分组,男性T1组(TyG 6.90~8.33,n=9 745)、T2组(TyG 8.34~8.67,n=9 744),T3组(TyG 8.68~9.08,n=9 744),T4组(TyG 9.09~11.6,n=9 744);女性F1组(TyG 7.07~8.49,n=13 870),F2组(TyG 8.50~8.82,n=13 870),F3组(TyG 8.83~9.21,n=13 869),F4组(TyG 9.22~11.6,n=13 869)。多因素Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示,在调整了年龄、婚姻、吸烟、饮酒、高中及以上学历、农民、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、BMI、高血压和MAP后,T4组患者CMM患病为T1组的9.045倍(OR=9.045,95%CI=6.372~13.169,P<0.001),F4组患者CMM患病为F1组的7.442倍(OR=7.442,95%CI=5.576~10.080,P<0.001),Z检验结果显示不同性别OR值的升高程度比较,差异无统计学意义(Z=0.824,P=0.410)。男性TyG每升高1个单位,CMM患病风险升高3.960倍(OR=3.960,95%CI=3.388~4.620,P<0.001),女性TyG每升高1个单位,CMM患病风险升高4.447倍(OR=4.447,95%CI=3.845~5.137,P<0.001)。Z检验结果显示不同性别OR值的升高程度比较,差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.216,P=0.224)。RCS结果显示,调整了年龄、婚姻、吸烟、饮酒、高中及以上学历、农民、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、BMI、高血压和MAP后,不同性别中TyG指数与CMM风险的非线性关系仍然显著(P非线性<0.05),在不同性别中,TyG>8.82时,CMM风险增加,且曲线斜率显著上升。

结论

TyG指数与CMM发生风险在不同性别中均密切相关,并具有相似的预测效力。应特别关注TyG>8.82的个体,并采取积极的预防和干预措施,以降低CMM发生的风险。

关键词: 心血管疾病, 慢性病共病, 心血管代谢性共病, 三酰甘油葡萄糖指数, 胰岛素抵抗, 安徽省, 横截面研究