At present, the incidence and mortality of primary liver cancer (hereafter referred to as liver cancer) in China are high with heavy economic and disease burden. Standardized screening and health surveillance management for population as risk of liver cancer are important measures to effectively reduce the related burden of liver cancer. Currently, patients with liver cancer in primary care institutions in China lack the awareness of the necessity of liver cancer screening and surveillance with poor compliance, and the existing screening tools are less sensitive and cost-effective. This paper discusses the strategies of liver cancer screening and health surveillance management in primary care institutuons in terms of stratification of liver cancer risk assessment and screening in primary care institutions of chronic liver disease population in China, the current status of enhanced screening and long-term surveillance for population at high risk of liver cancer, to provide a reference for the standardization of screening, early diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer in China, with the aim of improving the screening coverage and control effects of liver cancer in primary care in China.

当前我国原发性肝癌（以下简称肝癌）的发病率和死亡率较高，经济和疾病负担沉重，对肝癌风险人群进行规范的筛查与健康监测管理是有效降低肝癌相关负担的重要措施。目前我国基层慢性肝病患者缺乏肝癌筛查与监测必要性的认知，依从性较差，现有的筛查工具灵敏度欠佳、成本效益较低。本文从我国慢性肝病人群肝癌发生风险的评估分层、基层筛查和肝癌高危人群的加强筛查与长期监测现状等方面探讨中国人群肝癌基层筛查与健康管理策略，为我国人群肝癌筛查与早诊、早治工作的规范开展提供参考，以期提升我国基层人群肝癌筛查覆盖率及防控效果。