Abstract: Objective　To determine the occurrence of blunt and sharp injuries in school-aged children in rural areas in North Guizhou，to analyze their influencing factors，and to provide a basis for the prevention and control measures among children with blunt and sharp injuries.Methods　A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 865 school-aged children（8 to 17 years）in seven middle and primary schools in three counties in North Guizhou from June 2012 to June 2013.A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used.The questionnaire included the basic data of children（gender，age and physical condition），family information（parents’ activities，birth order，abusive experiences，housework situation，and involvement in fights），and common experiences leading to blunt and sharp injuries（activity causing injury，injured parts，and severity）.Results　A total of 2 865 questionnaires were issued，but 2 854 questionnaires were recovered.Thus，the effective recovery rate was 99.6%.The total number of injuries was 477 cases（16.7%）.Of these cases，74 were caused by blunt and sharp injuries（2.6%）and 403 were attributed to other injuries（14.1%）.The incidence rates of blunt and sharp injuries associated with different genders，left at home，and birth order（i.e.only child）did not significantly differ（P>0.05），the incidence rates of such injuries among different ages significantly varied（P<0.05）.The incidence rates of such injuries related to physical conditions and housework situations did not also significantly differ（P>0.05），the incidence rates of such injuries associated with abusive experiences and involvement in fights significantly differed（P<0.05）.The severity of blunt and sharp injuries did not significantly differ from that of other injuries（P>0.05），activities and injured parts caused by blunt and sharp injuries significantly differed from those of other injuries（P<0.05）.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that young age，abusive experience，and involvement in fights were risk factors of blunt and sharp injuries in school-aged children（P<0.05）.Conclusion　In rural areas in North Guizhou，the incidence of blunt and sharp injuries in school-aged children is high.Such injuries mainly occur when children engage in entertaining activities or perform housework.Thus，intervention should be implemented among young children and children who exposed to abusive treatments and involved in fights.Parents，school authorities，and social groups should promote the prevention and management of blunt and sharp injuries，increase children’s awareness regarding such injuries，and create a safe environment for children’s healthy growth.

Key words: Blunt and sharp injuries, Child, Rural areas, Root cause analysis

摘要： 目的　了解黔北地区农村学龄儿童钝锐器伤发生的情况，并分析其影响因素，为开展儿童钝锐器伤的防控工作提供基础资料。方法　2012年6月—2013年6月，采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法，对黔北地区3个区县内7所中小学8～17岁2 865名学龄儿童进行问卷调查，调查内容包括儿童一般情况（性别、年龄、身体状况等），家庭情况（留守情况、是否独生子女、是否受到不良待遇、做家务情况和是否参与斗殴），以及钝锐器伤害发生的基本情况（受伤害时的活动、部位和严重程度）。结果　共发放问卷2 865份，回收有效问卷2 854份，有效回收率为99.6%。伤害发生总人数477例（16.7%），其中钝锐器伤74例（2.6%）、其他伤害403例（14.1%）。不同性别、留守情况、是否独生子女钝锐器伤发生率比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；不同年龄段钝锐器伤发生率比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。身体状况、做家务情况对不同伤害类型的发生比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；不良待遇情况、参与斗殴情况对不同伤害类型的发生比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。钝锐器伤和其他伤害伤害严重程度比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；钝锐器伤和其他伤害伤害发生时的活动、伤害部位比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，低年龄、受到不良待遇、参与斗殴是学龄儿童发生钝锐器伤的危险因素（P<0.05）。结论　黔北地区农村学龄儿童钝锐器伤发生率高，主要发生在娱乐及做家务时；且低年龄、受到不良待遇、参与斗殴的学龄儿童应作为干预的重点；家长、学校和社会均应重视钝锐器伤的预防及管理，提高儿童相关预防知识，为儿童健康成长创建安全的环境。

关键词: 钝锐器伤, 儿童, 农村地区, 影响因素分析