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Incidence of Birth Defects among Neonates and Influencing Factors in Xi’an,2010—2013
- BAI Ru-hai, ZHANG Qi, WANG Ling-ling, QU Peng-fei, LI Jia-mei, YAN Hong
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2016, 19(26):
3149-3152.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2016.26.005
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Background Shaanxi province has high incidence of birth defects in neonates,but information about the incidence of birth defects in each area in the province is not well recorded.Differences are present in the economic level among these areas.Thus,it is helpful to explain the incidence characteristics of birth defects in Xi’an and to provide some targeted suggestions by studying the incidence of birth defects.Objective To analyze the incidence of birth defects among single live birth neonates in Xi’an from 2010 to 2013 and to discuss the influencing factors of birth defects in neonates.Methods From June to November 2013,women of childbearing age （15-49 years old） in Xi’an who became pregnant from 2010 to 2013 were selected as objects of study through multistage random sampling method according to the population density and fertility level.A self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the social demographic information,marital and fertile history,life style during pregnancy,history of drugs and nutrients during pregnancy,disease history of families and eugenics counseling of subjects,age,nationality,education years,disease history of families of spouses,and gender and birth season of neonates.Results We collected the complete information of 4 679 women.The study found 74 cases of birth defects.The incidence of birth defects was 158.2/10 000 from 2010 to 2013,the incidences of birth defects among neonates were 68.7/10 000 in 2010,160.2/10 000 in 2011,115.3/10 000 in 2012 and 214.5/10 000 in 2013.Compared with the annual incidence of birth defects,no significant difference was found （χ2=7.355，P=0.061）.Among the 74 cases of birth defects,44 cases of congenital heart disease,4 cases of hemangioma,3 cases of indirect inguinal hernia,3 cases of laryngeal cartilages dysplasia,2 cases of omphalocele,2 cases of upper eyelid ptosis,2 cases of ankyloglossia,2 cases of preauricular fistula,1 case of melanocytic nevi,1 case of congenital torticollis,1 case of left renal displacement,1 case of cerebral palsy,1 case of cleft lip,1 case of hypospadias,1 case of ankylodactylia,1 case of Down syndrome,1 case of G6PD deficiency,1 case of congenital jaundice,and 1 case of cryptorchidism and 1 case of congenital spinal meningocele.Results of multivariable Logistic regression analysis suggested that premature delivery,drinking history during pregnancy，smoking history during pregnancy,antibiotic use during pregnancy and mother’s family history of maternal diabetes were significant risk factors of birth defects（P<0.05）.Conclusion The incidence of birth defects among single live birth neonates in Xi’an from 2010 to 2013 was high.Congenital heart disease is the dominant type of birth defects.Premature delivery,drinking and smoking history during pregnancy,antibiotic use during pregnancy,and mother’s family history of maternal diabetes may increase the risk of birth defects in neonates.
