Development of the Self-supporting Ability Rating Scale for the Elderly

doi:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2018.00.119

Abstract

Abstract: Background　As the population is aging，China，as a developing country to age before it gets rich，has social and family modes of care for the aged .However，due to insufficient social supporting resources and limited family support capability，the elderly care quality is difficult to be guaranteed.To tap the potential of self-care and realize self-supporting has become a research hotspot.Therefore，relevant evaluation tools are important to improve old-age self-care ability.Objective　To establish a scientific，systematic and easy-to-use Self-supporting Ability Rating Scale for the Elderly （SSARSE） in China.Methods　We conducted this study from May to June 2016.Based on literature review and the results of semi-structured interviews with older people and geriatric specialists，we formed the initial SSARSE consisting of 3 first-level indicators，7 second-level indicators and 90 third-level indicators．Then the initial SSARSE was modified （including the determination of the weights of the indicators） in accordance with the results of two rounds of face-to-face or email Delphi survey among 19 experts in geriatric care and other related fields.Results　The response rates of the two rounds of Delphi survey were 78.95% and 100.00%．The expert authority coefficient （Cr） was 0.87．The final SSARSE consists of 3 first-level indicators，7 second-level indicators and 56 third-level indicators．The Kendall's W increased from 0.262 to 0.364 （P<0.01）．Conclusion　The SSARSE is domestic-oriented，scientific，reliable and pragmatic.

Key words: Aged, Delphi technique, Self-support ability

摘要： 背景　随着人口老龄化的来临和发展，我国作为“未富先老”的发展中国家，目前主要有社会养老和家庭养老模式，但因社会化养老资源不足，家庭养老能力有限，老年人的养老质量难以得到保障，挖掘老年人自身的养老潜能，实现自我养老成为研究热点，挖掘、提高老年人的自我养老能力是发展自我养老的基础，相关测评工具不可或缺。目的　建立科学、系统、可操作的老年人自我养老能力测评指标体系。方法　2016年5—6月，在文献回顾和半结构访谈的基础上，初步拟定初期测评体系，形成专家函询问卷，采用两轮Delphi法，由19名老年护理或老年相关工作领域专家对此指标体系（3个一级维度、7个二级维度和90个三级条目）进行函询并确定各级指标权重。结果　两轮专家函询问卷的有效回收率分别为78.95%和100.00%，专家权威系数（Cr）为0.87，最后形成由3个一级维度、7个二级维度和56个三级条目的老年人自我养老能力测评指标体系；专家肯德尔协调系数（Kendall's W）由0.262增至0.364（P<0.01）。结论　老年人自我养老能力测评指标体系符合我国基本国情，具有较强的科学性、可靠性和实用性。

关键词: 老年人, 德尔菲技术, 自我养老能力

MEI Yangyang,PANG Shuqin. Development of the Self-supporting Ability Rating Scale for the Elderly　[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2019, 22(11): 1346-1350. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2018.00.119.
梅阳阳,庞书勤. 老年人自我养老能力测评指标体系的建立[J]. 中国全科医学, 2019, 22(11): 1346-1350. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2018.00.119.

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