人工智能赋能基层医疗卫生服务：进展与挑战

doi:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0314

中国全科医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (04): 436-443.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0314

所属专题：社区卫生服务最新研究合辑；数智医疗最新文章合辑

• 中国全科医疗/社区卫生服务工作研究 • 上一篇下一篇

人工智能赋能基层医疗卫生服务：进展与挑战

李希, 刘珏^*()

100191　北京市，北京大学公共卫生学院

收稿日期:2025-09-27 修回日期:2025-11-25 出版日期:2026-02-05 发布日期:2026-01-15
通讯作者: 刘珏
作者贡献：
李希负责查阅文献、论文撰写与修订；刘珏参与论文修订，负责论文的质量控制、指导与审校，对论文整体负责。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(72474005); 青年北京学者项目(087); 新发突发与重大传染病防控国家科技重大专项(2025ZD01900800)

Artificial Intelligence Empowers Primary Healthcare Services: Progress and Challenges

LI Xi, LIU Jue^*()

School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China

Received:2025-09-27 Revised:2025-11-25 Published:2026-02-05 Online:2026-01-15
Contact: LIU Jue

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基层医疗卫生机构是我国卫生体系的重要基石。然而，受诊疗能力相对薄弱等因素制约，其服务效能仍有较大提升空间。人工智能技术的引入，为赋能基层医疗服务提供了新的可能。本文深入梳理人工智能在基层医疗卫生系统的应用进展，发现其可以辅助诊疗，助力数智化健康管理和健康教育、公共医疗服务数智化管理，同时有助于优化医疗卫生资源配置。但人工智能的应用仍面临数据质量、数据安全、伦理规范等多重挑战。展望未来，建议在国家层面集聚专家资源推进技术研发与成果转化，加快人工智能在基层医疗卫生服务中的落地应用，补齐人工智能领域立法和监管"短板"，进而助力健康中国建设。

关键词: 人工智能, 基层医疗卫生服务, 辅助诊疗, 健康管理, 传染病防控

Abstract:

Primary healthcare services play a significant role in health system in China. Yet, constrained by poor capacity and skills of the professionals, there remains significant room for improvement in its service effectiveness. Artificial intelligence has the potential to empower primary health care system. This article thoroughly examined the progress and challenges of applying artificial intelligence to primary health care system. Artificial intelligence has been widely used in diagnosis and treatment, health management and health education, public health service management, and the optimization of health resource allocation. However, there is a lot of public concern about data quality, date safety, and ethical issues. To achieve Healthy China 2030, the following suggestions merit consideration: pooling expert resources at the national level to advance the development of artificial intelligence, accelerating the industrialization of artificial intelligence in primary health care system, and closing legislation and regulation gaps in artificial intelligence.

Key words: Artificial intelligence, Primary healthcare services, AI-assisted diagnosis and treatment, Health management, Infectious disease prevention and control

李希,刘珏. 人工智能赋能基层医疗卫生服务：进展与挑战[J]. 中国全科医学, 2026, 29(04): 436-443. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0314.
LI Xi,LIU Jue. Artificial Intelligence Empowers Primary Healthcare Services: Progress and Challenges[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(04): 436-443. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0314.

图/表 1

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人工智能赋能基层医疗卫生服务：进展与挑战

Artificial Intelligence Empowers Primary Healthcare Services: Progress and Challenges

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