关键词: 健康期望寿命, 自理健康期望寿命, 自评健康期望寿命, 多状态生命表法, 老年人, 影响因素分析

Abstract: Background　Owing to rapid economic development and advances in healthcare services，the life expectancy of the elderly has increased. But longer life expectancy does not mean higher quality of life. Healthy life expectancy is a healthy survival indicator that assesses both the length of life and quality of life，so it may be better for assessing the health status of the population. Objective　To estimate the healthy life expectancy of Chinese elderly people and associated factors，providing evidence for improving the health status of this population. Methods　This study was conducted between March and April 2021. Participants were part of the surveyees of the CLHLS during 2014—2018. The multistate life table was used to calculate healthy life expectancy and self-rated healthy life expectancy. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the factors associated with the healthy life expectancy. Results　A total of 5 261 subjects were included. Both the healthy life expectancy and self-rated healthy life expectancy showed a trend of decrease with age. The 70-72 age group had the longest average healthy life expectancy（17.85 years） and average self-rated healthy life expectancy（16.62 years）. The average healthy life expectancy was longer than the average self-rated healthy life expectancy in those younger than 88 years old. The average healthy life expectancy was slightly shorter than the average self-rated healthy life expectancy in 88-and-over age groups. Gender，age，marital status，education level and anxiety were main factors associated with healthy life expectancy（P<0.05）. Younger age，being married and non-anxiety might be associated with longer healthy life expectancy and self-rated health life expectancy，while being male and lower education level might be associated with shorter healthy life expectancy and self-rated health life expectancy（P<0.05）. Conclusion　To improve the health level of the elderly，especially those who are at an advanced age，live alone，have lower education level，it is suggested to pay attention to their health status，actively offer them community-based health education，and take interventions to satisfy their mental health needs as far as possible.

Key words: Healthy life expectancy, Life expectancy of self-care health, Self-rated healthy life expectancy, Multi-state life table method, Aged, Root cause analysis