关键词: 老年人, 跌倒恐惧, 健康相关自我评价, 影响因素分析

Abstract: Background　Fear of falling in the elderly is a very common phenomenon，resulting in limited limb function，declining quality of life，increased risk of falls，and increased medical and economic burden.Self-rated health is an important indicator to reflect a person's health status and it is related with mortality.It is simple and easy to use，and can be used for rapid screening and evaluation.Lots of research on the relationship between self-rated health with diseases have been done in developed countries，but few in China.Objective　To investigate the prevalence of fear of falling in a community-based elderly population and explore the relationship between falling and self-assessment life quality in current study.Methods　Using cross section design，the elderly（age≥60 years old） at Niujie Community Health Service Station of Xicheng District，Beijing were selected from March to May 2017，and the data were collected by face-to-face questionnaire survey.The incidence of falls and fear of falls over the past year were investigated.The World Health Organization quality of Life scale（WHOQOL），was used to self-evaluate the overall quality of life，health status satisfaction，sleep satisfaction，daily living ability satisfaction，self-satisfaction，interpersonal relationship satisfaction，friend support satisfaction，place of residence satisfaction，health care satisfaction，traffic satisfaction and negative emotion.Results　A total of 410 questionnaires were sent out，2 people refused to respond and 408 valid questionnaires were collected.Among 408 elderly people in the community，267（65.4%） had fall fear，151（37.0%） had fall in the past year，and among whom 131（86.8%） had fall fear.The incidence of fall fear among elderly who was negative on the overall quality of life，health status，sleep status，ability of daily living，self-satisfaction，interpersonal relationships，friend support，place of residence，health care，traffic self-assessment and self-rated as frequent occurrence of fall was higher than that of contented elderly and patients with occasional occurrence of fall（P<0.05）．The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the overall quality of life，health status，sleep status，ability of daily living，self-satisfaction，interpersonal relationship，friend support，place of residence，health care and traffic status were risk factors of fall fear in the elderly（P<0.05），and the occasional occurrence of negative emotional self-evaluation was the protective factor of falls in the elderly（P<0.05）．Conclusion　Fall fear is related to health-related self-evaluation，which is helpful to screen people at high risk of fall fear in order to take corresponding intervention measures to reduce the fear of fall in the elderly and promote the construction of a healthy aging society.

Key words: Aged, Fear of falling, Self-rated health, Root cause analysis