关键词: 条件性消退, 厌恶, 恐惧, 神经反馈, 男性, 女性

Abstract: Background　Significant differences were found between male and female in affective disorders.The reason may be that the emotion regulation strategies that men and women cope with negative experiences are different.Existing studies have shown that men and women use different brain regions in negative emotion regulation，but there is a lack of research on the time process of the relevant neural activities of the two genders.Objective　To study gender differences in conditional extinction of disgust and fear by classical conditioned extinction model.Methods　From January to July 2015，38 college students in Guangzhou were selected by using the method of recruiting，and 3 were excluded. The event-related potentials （ERPs） technique was used to study the gender difference in EEG of 35 college students after acquiring conditioned disgust and fear.Results　The behavioral results showed that all subjects could successfully carry out conditioned regression.and compared with men，it was more difficult for women to extinct conditioned fear.The ERPs data indicated that in early brain ingredients，women's amplitude of P1，N1 and P2 were greater than those of men.For men，the amplitude differences of early ingredients caused by these three conditional stimuli were not significant（P>0.05）；but for women，the amplitudes of early ingredients induced by conditioned fear stimulus were smaller than those induced by conditioned disgust and conditioned neutral stimulus （P<0.05）．However，at the middle and late stage，the main effect of gender was not significant in ingredients，such as N2 and P3（P>0.05）．Conclusion　Women's conditional fear is more difficult to extinct than that of men，but both genders can reach successful extinction.

Key words: Conditional extinction, Disgust, Fear, Neurofeedback, Male, Female