关键词: 生育意愿, 育龄女性, 影响因素分析, 混合方法研究, 安徽省

Abstract: Background　 Reduced fertility intention is an important prerequisite for fertility decline，and exploring its influencing factors is of great significance in promoting the long-term balanced development of the population，whereas most of the existing researches are confined to quantitative analysis and lacks exploration at the subjective level. Objective　Under the background of the three-child policy，to explore the influencing factors of the intention of childbearing-age women to have a third child and the deep-seated reasons for their unwillingness to give birth，to provide a basis for improving the supporting measures of the fertility policy. Methods　A mixed research method was used. From January to May 2024，a convenience sampling method was used to select childbearing-age women in urban and rural areas of southern，central，and northern Anhui Province as the study population，and questionnaires (including personal，family economic，social，and marital factors) were used to survey them. Multifactorial Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting childbearing-age women's intentions to have a third child. From January to May 2024，semi-structured interviews were conducted with childbearing-age women who were unwilling to have a third child in the quantitative study using the phenomenological research method and purposive and heterogeneous sampling. Colaizzi's seven-step analysis was used to refine the interview themes. Results　The questionnaires of 2 234 (93.1%) childbearing-age women were validly collected，and 186 (8.3%) intended to have a third child. Logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of housing pressure，the spouse's attitude towards having a third child，the spouse's sharing of household chores，the place of residence，and the number of children were the influencing factors of the intention of childbearing-age women to have a third child (P<0.05). A total of 22 childbearing-age women were finally interviewed. The high cost of childbearing，weak support within the family，difficulty in balancing work and family，and imperfect supporting measures for childbearing policies were the deep-rooted reasons why childbearing-age women were unwilling to have a third child. Conclusion　 The intention of childbearing-age women to have a third child is low in Anhui Province，and the fertility support policy should be further improved to enhance the fertility enthusiasm of the childbearing-age group，to effectively solve the problem of low fertility rate.

Key words: Fertility intentions, Childbearing-age women, Analysis of influencing factors, Mixed method study, Anhui Province