Cultivating excellent general practitioners is an important guarantee for promoting their role as "gatekeepers" of the population's health, and sub-specialty training for general practitioners is an important measure for bridging the gap between primary health-care services and secondary and tertiary health-care services. The training system of general practitioner subspecialty in foreign countries has become mature, while the training of general practitioner subspecialty in China is still in the initial stage. This paper focuses on the framework of foreign general practitioner subspecialty training, systematically sorting out the core content of training content, assessment methods, etc., and then based on the current situation of China's general practitioner subspecialty training practice in recent years, summarizes the existing deficiencies and obstacles to the development of the system, and on this basis, draws on the experience of foreign general practitioner subspecialty training to put forward strategies to improve and promote the development of China's general practitioner subspecialty training model. Based on this, we propose optimization strategies to improve and promote the development of China's general practitioner subspecialty training model.