中国全科医学 ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (13): 1584-1589.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0752

所属专题: 神经退行性病变最新文章合集

• 论著·脑健康专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

成年人痴呆预防信念对健康促进生活方式的影响研究

李华, 张巾英, 王黎, 杨甜甜, 杨燕妮*()   

  1. 400038 重庆市,陆军军医大学护理系基础护理学教研室
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-14 修回日期:2023-01-30 出版日期:2023-05-05 发布日期:2023-02-23
  • 通讯作者: 杨燕妮

  • 作者贡献:李华、杨燕妮负责文章的构思与设计、论文的撰写与修订;李华、张巾英、杨甜甜负责研究的实施及相关文献的整理;李华、王黎负责数据收集;李华、张巾英负责数据分析、结果的解释及图表绘制;王黎、杨甜甜负责提供相关行政、技术或材料支持;杨燕妮负责经费的获取、质量控制及审校,并对文章整体负责。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金项目(20BRK039)

Effect of Dementia Prevention Beliefs on Health Promoting Lifestyle in Chinese Adults

LI Hua, ZHANG Jinying, WANG Li, YANG Tiantian, YANG Yanni*()   

  1. Department of Basic Nursing, School of Nursing, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
  • Received:2022-10-14 Revised:2023-01-30 Published:2023-05-05 Online:2023-02-23
  • Contact: YANG Yanni

摘要: 背景 我国痴呆发病率逐渐升高,生活方式因素是痴呆发生的重要可调控因素,而健康信念模式可广泛用于解释和预测健康相关行为。 目的 分析成年人痴呆预防信念对其健康促进生活方式的影响,为制定以健康信念模式为理论基础的痴呆预防干预方案提供科学依据。 方法 本研究采用网络调查法。于2020年2—3月,抽取我国1 202例成年人作为调查对象,通过自设电子问卷〔包含一般资料调查表、痴呆预防知识问卷、中文版改变生活方式和健康行为以降低痴呆风险动机(MCLHB-DRR)量表、健康促进生活方式量表-Ⅱ修订版(HPLP-Ⅱ R)〕对其进行调查,收集其一般资料,评估其痴呆预防知识、痴呆预防信念及健康促进生活方式水平。采用多元线性回归分析成年人痴呆预防信念各维度及其他潜在候选因素对其健康促进生活方式的影响。 结果 共回收有效问卷1 201份,问卷有效回收率为99.92%。1 201例调查对象痴呆预防知识问卷平均总得分为(7.46±2.85)分,得分率为67.82%;中文版MCLHB-DRR量表平均总得分为(92.67±12.68)分,平均条目水平得分为(3.43±0.47)分;HPLP-Ⅱ R平均总得分为(100.00±15.81)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示:中文版MCLHB-DRR量表易感性感知维度得分、益处感知维度得分、障碍感知维度得分、自我效能维度得分和总体健康动机维度得分,以及痴呆预防知识问卷总得分、居住地、文化程度、有无痴呆接触史会对成年人HPLP-Ⅱ R总得分产生影响(P<0.05)。 结论 成年人的健康促进生活方式水平与其痴呆预防信念部分维度水平及部分人口学因素等有关,未来可基于健康信念模式与行为的关系特点对人群实施痴呆预防干预。

关键词: 痴呆, 预防, 健康信念, 健康行为, 健康促进生活方式, 脑健康, 影响因素分析

Abstract:

Background

The incidence of dementia is gradually increasing in China. Lifestyle is an important modifiable factor for dementia, and the health belief model can be widely used to explain and predict health-related behaviors.

Objective

To analyze the impact of dementia prevention beliefs on health promoting lifestyle in Chinese adults, providing a scientific basis for the development of targeted dementia prevention regimens based on the health belief model.

Methods

An online survey was used for collecting data including sociodemographics, dementia-related knowledge and prevention beliefs as well as health promoting lifestyle level of 1 202 Chinese adults using a self-developed electronic questionnaire〔consisting of general information questionnaire, dementia prevention knowledge questionnaire (DPKQ), Chinese version of the Motivation to Change Lifestyle and Health Behaviors for Dementia Risk Reduction (MCLHB-DRR) scale, and Chinese version of the revised Health Promoting Lifestyle ProfileⅡ (HPLP-Ⅱ R) 〕from February to March 2020. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the effect of dementia prevention beliefs on health-promoting lifestyle.

Results

A total of 1 201 cases returned responsive questionnaires, with a response rate of 99.92%. The average score of DPKQ of the respondents was (7.46±2.85), and the rate of correctly answering the questions in DPKQ was 67.82%. The average total score and average item score of the MCLHB-DRR in the respondents were (92.67±12.68), and (3.43±0.47), respectively. The average total score of HPLP-Ⅱ R was (100.00±15.81). The HPLP-Ⅱ R scores were affected by five domain scores of the Chinese version of MCLHB-DRR (perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy and general health motivation), the total score of DPKQ, living area (rural or urban), education level and the history of contacting with dementia patients.

Conclusion

The health promoting lifestyle of adults is partially affected by partial dimensions of dementia prevention beliefs and some sociodemographic characteristics. Therefore, health care workers can provide preventive interventions for adults to prevent dementia based on the relationship between the health belief model and health-related behaviors.

Key words: Dementia, Prevention, Health belief, Health behavior, Health-promoting lifestyle, Brain health, Root cause analysis