中国全科医学 ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (11): 1348-1354.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0638

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

心率变异性与扩大的血管周围间隙脑部分布关系研究

周东杨, 陈静, 路畅, 白宏英*()   

  1. 450000 河南省郑州市,郑州大学第二附属医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-11 修回日期:2022-10-17 出版日期:2023-04-15 发布日期:2022-10-27
  • 通讯作者: 白宏英
  • 周东杨,陈静,路畅,等.心率变异性与扩大的血管周围间隙脑部分布关系研究[J].中国全科医学,2023,26(11):1348-1354,1368.[www.chinagp.net]

    作者贡献:周东杨进行实验设计,负责病例资料的收集与整理,进行统计分析,并撰写论文初稿;陈静参与实验设计,并为研究课题提供资金支持;路畅协助进行数据收集与整理;白宏英对研究的整体规划和执行进行监督与管理,对文章整体负责。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(LHGJ20210423)

Relationship between Heart Rate Variability and Distribution of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces in the Brain

ZHOU Dongyang, CHEN Jing, LU Chang, BAI Hongying*()   

  1. Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
  • Received:2022-08-11 Revised:2022-10-17 Published:2023-04-15 Online:2022-10-27
  • Contact: BAI Hongying
  • About author:
    ZHOU D Y, CHEN J, LU C, et al. Relationship between heart rate variability and distribution of enlarged perivascular spaces in the brain [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26 (11): 1348-1354, 1368.

摘要: 背景 扩大的血管周围间隙(EPVS)与认知功能障碍、情感障碍、脑卒中及卒中后不良结局等密切相关,尽早发现并给予处理极为重要。 目的 探讨心率变异性(HRV)与EPVS脑部分布之间的关系。 方法 选取2020年1月至2022年5月在郑州大学第二附属医院神经内科住院治疗并完成24 h动态心电图监测和脑部核磁共振(MRI)的患者199例为研究对象。评估患者EPVS负荷,根据EPVS分数对基底节区EPVS(BG-EPVS)及半卵圆中心EPVS(CS-EPVS)严重程度进行分组:轻度BG-EPVS组(Potter评分1分,126例)、中度BG-EPVS组(Potter评分2分,46例)、重度BG-EPVS组(Potter评分3~4分,27例);轻度CS-EPVS组(Potter评分1分,131例)、中度CS-EPVS组(Potter评分2分,45例)、重度CS-EPVS组(Potter评分3~4分,23例)。根据BG-EPVS与CS-EPVS数量划分EPVS优势模型:模型1(BG>CS,119例)、模型2(BG=CS,20例)、模型3(BG<CS,60例)。比较各组的一般资料与HRV指标,采用Spearman秩相关分析探讨HRV指标与EPVS的相关性,将单因素分析中有统计学意义的HRV指标纳入多因素Logistic回归分析探讨EPVS严重程度及优势模型的独立影响因素。 结果 轻、中、重度BG-EPVS组患者年龄、目标区间内正常间隔连续差的均方根(rMSSD)、总功率(TP)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中重度BG-EPVS组年龄高于轻度BG-EPVS组(P<0.05),重度BG-EPVS组rMSSD、TP低于轻度BG-EPVS组(P<0.05)。Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,HRV指标中的rMSSD、>50 ms的相邻正常间隔的百分比(PNN50)、TP与BG-EPVS严重程度呈负相关(rs=-0.357、-0.153、-0.169,P<0.05);目标区间内每5 min正常间隔标准差的平均值(SDNNindex)、rMSSD与EPVS优势模型呈正相关(rs=0.155、0.262,P<0.05)。校正混杂因素后的多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,rMSSD是BG-EPVS严重程度的独立影响因素〔OR=0.983,95%CI(0.972,0.994),P=0.002〕;rMSSD是EPVS优势模型的独立影响因素〔OR=1.017,95%CI(1.006,1.028),P=0.003〕。 结论 rMSSD分别与BG-EPVS严重程度、优势模型呈负相关和正相关,是BG-EPVS严重程度及EPVS优势模型的独立影响因素,提示rMSSD下降时自主神经系统失衡,可能引起血脑屏障破坏或脑中代谢废物清除减少,rMSSD参与BG-EPVS形成的病理生理学机制。

关键词: 扩大的血管周围间隙, 心率变异性, 大脑小血管疾病, 基底节区, 目标区间内正常间隔连续差的均方根, 自主神经系统, 血脑屏障

Abstract:

Background

The enlarged perivascular space (EPVS) is closely associated with cognitive dysfunction, affective disorder, stroke, and adverse outcomes after stroke. So early detection and treatment of EPVS are extremely important.

Objective

To investigate the relationship between heart rate variability (HRV) and the distribution of EPVS in the brain.

Methods

One hundred and ninety-nine inpatients with complete examination results of 24-hour ambulatory ECG and brain MRI were selected from Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2020 to May 2022. The sum of EPVS was assessed, and by the sum of EPVS (severity score of EPVS) in basal ganglia region (BG-EPVS), the patients were divided into 3 groups: mild BG-EPVS group〔visual PVS rating scale score developed by Potter (Potter score) =1, 126 cases〕, moderate BG-EPVS group (Potter score=2, 46 cases), severe BG-EPVS group (Potter score=3-4, 27 cases), and by the sum of EPVS in centrum semiovale region (CS-EPVS), the patients were divided into another 3 groups: mild CS-EPVS group (Potter score=1, 131 cases), moderate CS-EPVS group (Potter score=2, 45 cases), severe CS-EPVS group (Potter score=3-4, 23 cases). The dominance models were divided according to the number of BG-EPVS and CS-EPVS, model 1 (BG>CS, 119 cases), model 2 (BG=CS, 20 cases), model 3 (BG<CS, 60 cases). The general data and HRV indexes were compared among groups. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between HRV indexes and EPVS. Statistically different HRV indexes in the univariate analysis were included in a multivariate Logistic regression to screen those independently influencing EPVS severity score and dominance models.

Results

Age, the root mean square of successive differences of normal-to-normal (NN) intervals for period of interest (rMSSD) and total power (TP) were statistically different between 3 groups of BG-EPVS (P<0.05). Severe BG-EPVS group had older average age, and lower average rMSSD and TP than mild BG-EPVS group (P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that rMSSD, percentage of adjacent NN intervals that differ from each other by larger than 50 ms (PNN50), and TP were negatively correlated with BG-EPVS severity score (rs=-0.357, -0.153, -0.169, P<0.05). The mean of NN intervals standard deviation every 5 minutes for period of interest (SDNNindex) and rMSSD were positively correlated with the EPVS dominance model (rs=0.155, 0.262, P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis after correction for confounders showed that rMSSD independently influenced BG-EPVS〔OR=0.983, 95%CI (0.972, 0.994), P=0.002〕, and also independently affected the EPVS dominance model〔OR=1.017, 95%CI (1.006, 1.028), P=0.003〕.

Conclusion

The rMSSD had a negative correlation with BG-EPVS severity score and a positive correlation with the EPVS dominance model, and was independently associated with the BG-EPVS severity score and EPVS dominance model, suggesting that an imbalance in the autonomic nervous system induced by declined rMSSD may cause blood-brain barrier disruption or reduced metabolic waste clearance in the brain, which may play a role in the pathophysiological mechanism of BG-EPVS formation.

Key words: Enlarged perivascular space, Heart rate variability, Cerebral small vessel disease, Basal ganglia region, Root mean square of successive differences of normal-to-normal intervals for period of interest, Autonomic nervous system, Blood-brain barrier