中国全科医学 ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (02): 168-174.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0447

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

多感官干预促进早产儿脑功能发育的随机对照研究

滕小芸1, 梁洁2, 谭继磊2, 孙俭凤2, 梁华2, 覃姗姗1, 陆彩纳2, 韦琴1,*()   

  1. 1530021 广西壮族自治区南宁市,广西医科大学第一附属医院护理部
    2530021 广西壮族自治区南宁市,广西医科大学第一附属医院新生儿科
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-02 修回日期:2022-08-10 出版日期:2023-01-15 发布日期:2022-08-29
  • 通讯作者: 韦琴
  • 滕小芸,梁洁,谭继磊,等.多感官干预促进早产儿脑功能发育的随机对照研究[J].中国全科医学,2023,26(2):168-174. [www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:滕小芸负责文章的构思与设计、论文撰写与修订;梁洁负责文章的可行性分析;谭继磊负责文献/资料收集和统计学分析;孙俭凤、梁华、陆彩纳负责收集数据;覃姗姗负责文献/资料整理;韦琴负责最终版本修订,对论文负责。
  • 基金资助:
    广西自然科学基金资助项目(2016GXNSFAA380265); 广西壮族自治区卫生和计划生育委员会自筹经费科研课题(Z20170628,Z20210987)

A Randomized Controlled Study of Multisensory Interventions in Promoting Brain Function Development in Premature Infants

TENG Xiaoyun1, LIANG Jie2, TAN Jilei2, SUN Jianfeng2, LIANG Hua2, QIN Shanshan1, LU Caina2, WEI Qin1,*()   

  1. 1Nursing Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
    2Division of Neonatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
  • Received:2022-05-02 Revised:2022-08-10 Published:2023-01-15 Online:2022-08-29
  • Contact: WEI Qin
  • About author:
    TENG X Y, LIANG J, TAN J L, et al. A randomized controlled study of multisensory interventions in promoting brain function development in premature infants [J] . Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26 (2) : 168-174.

摘要: 背景 早产儿神经发育障碍率较高,亟需改善其神经发育结局,目前通过振幅整合脑电图(aEEG)评价多感官(MS)干预对早产儿脑功能影响的报道较少。 目的 探讨MS干预对早产儿脑功能的影响。 方法 本研究为用单中心、随机对照试验,选取2020年10月至2021年9月入住广西医科大学第一附属医院新生儿科的126例早产儿为研究对象,采用Excel生成随机数字后随机分为对照组和干预组,每组各63例。组建干预团队,制订MS干预方案。对照组接受早产儿常规治疗及护理,干预组在对照组基础上实施MS干预(包括听觉、触觉、视觉及前庭干预),2次/d,15 min/次,干预时间≥7 d。于干预前、干预7 d后通过振幅整合脑电图(aEEG)监测安静睡眠期(QS期)和活动睡眠期(AS期)的下边界电压、带宽,aEEG评分,QS期平均时间和QS期总时间;采用新生儿20项行为神经测定量表(NBNA)评分进行神经测定,并在纠正胎龄1个月时采用Gesell量表评估发育商。 结果 最终119例早产儿完成研究,其中对照组59例,干预组60例。干预7 d后,干预组QS期的下边界电压〔(5.47±0.92)μV〕和AS期的下边界电压〔(7.63±0.97)μV〕均高于对照组QS期的下边界电压〔(5.10±0.87)μV〕和AS期的下边界电压〔(7.21±1.00)μV〕,干预组QS期的下边界带宽〔(18.90±1.90)μV〕和AS期的下边界带宽〔(13.93±2.61)μV〕均窄于对照组QS期的下边界带宽〔(19.78±2.50)μV〕和AS期的下边界带宽〔(14.94±2.58)μV〕(P<0.05);干预7 d后,干预组的aEEG总分〔(10.45±2.18)分〕及其条目睡眠-觉醒周期得分〔(4.17±0.85)分〕、带宽得分〔(2.90±0.75)分〕均高于对照组的aEEG总分〔(9.53±1.91)分〕及其条目睡眠-觉醒周期得分〔(3.80±0.85)分〕、带宽得分〔(2.59±0.72)分〕(P<0.05),而干预组与对照组的aEEG评分中条目连续性与下边界振幅评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预7 d后,干预组的QS期平均时间〔(25.67±6.95)min〕和QS期总时间〔(62.80±18.89) min〕长于对照组的QS期平均时间〔(23.29±4.87)min〕和QS期总时间〔(55.27±20.65)min〕(P<0.05);干预7 d后,干预组的NBNA总分〔(34.82±2.97)分〕高于对照组的NBNA总分〔(33.12±3.49)分〕(P<0.05)。干预组早产儿在纠正胎龄1个月时Gesell量表评估中大动作行为〔(52.83±10.93)分〕、精细动作行为〔(51.67±11.05)分〕、适应性行为〔(55.28±11.65)分〕、语言行为〔(53.40±11.29)分〕和个人-社交行为〔(53.57±10.57)分〕的发育商得分均高于对照组的大动作行为〔(48.83±10.11)分、精细动作行为〔(47.71±9.15)分〕、适应性行行为〔(50.31±10.14)分〕、语言行为〔(49.41±9.82)分〕和个人-社交行为〔(49.51±9.35)分〕(P<0.05)。 结论 MS干预能促进早产儿QS期和AS期的下边界电压升高、带宽变窄以及改善aEEG评分,从而促进早产儿aEEG背景活动的成熟,改善脑发育;MS干预能增加早产儿QS期时间,促进其脑功能发育;MS干预能提高早产儿的NBNA总分和Gesell量表评分,改善其神经行为发育。

关键词: 脑疾病, 早产, 多感官干预, 神经发育障碍, 振幅整合脑电图, 脑电描记术, 神经行为体征和症状, 随机对照试验

Abstract:

Background

The prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders in premature infants is high, and there is an urgent need to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes of them. There are few reports on amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) -assessed effect of multisensory (MS) interventions on brain function of premature infants by aEEG.

Objective

To evaluate the effect of MS interventions on improving brain function of premature infants.

Methods

A single-center, randomized controlled trial was conducted. One hundred and twenty-six premature infants who were admitted to Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from October 2020 to September 2021 were selected and randomly divided into control group (n=63) and intervention group (n=63) by random numbers according Excel. Both groups received routine treatment and nursing care, the intervention group additionally received MS interventions developed by our team (including auditory, tactile, visual and vestibular interventions) , twice a day, 15 minutes each time. The time of intervention lasted for at least 7 days for both groups. Before and 7 days after the intervention, the lower boundary voltage, bandwidth, and aEEG score during the quiet sleep (QS) period and active sleep (AS) period, average time and total time of QS period were monitored by AEEG. The Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment (NBNA) was used to evaluate the neurobehavior. The Gesell Developmental Schedules (GDS) was used to evaluate the development quotient at the corrected age of one month.

Results

119 premature infants completed the study, including 59 cases in the control group and 60 cases in the intervention group. Seven days after intervention, intervention group had higher lower boundary voltage〔 (5.47±0.92) μV vs (5.10±0.87) μV〕and narrower bandwidth〔 (18.90±1.90) μV vs (19.78±2.50) μV〕 during QS period than the control group (P<0.05) . Moreover, intervention group also demonstrated higher lower boundary voltage〔 (7.63±0.97) μV vs (7.21±1.00) μV〕 and narrower bandwidth〔 (13.93±2.61) μV vs (14.94±2.58) μV〕 during AS period (P<0.05) . After 7 days of intervention, intervention group had higher total score of aEEG 〔 (10.45±2.18) vs (9.53±1.91) 〕, and higher item score of sleep-awakening cycle〔 (4.17±0.85) vs (3.80±0.85) 〕, and broadband score 〔 (2.90±0.75) vs (2.59±0.72) 〕 than control group (P<0.05) . However, there was no significant difference in item continuity and lower boundary score between two groups in aEEG score (P>0.05) . Moreover, intervention group had longer average time of QS period 〔 (25.67±6.95) min vs (23.29±4.87) min〕 and longer total time of QS period 〔 (62.80±18.89) min vs (55.27±20.65) min〕 than control group (P< 0.05) . Intervention group also had higher total score of NBNA 〔 (34.82±2.97) vs (33.12±3.49) 〕 (P< 0.05) . At the corrected age of one month, intervention group had higher developmental quotient scores in terms of gross motor 〔 (52.83±10.93) vs (48.83±10.11) 〕, fine motor〔 (51.67±11.05) vs (47.71±9.15) 〕, adaptive development 〔 (55.28±11.65) vs (50.31±10.14) 〕, language 〔 (53.40±11.29) vs (49.41±9.82) 〕 and personal-social〔 (53.57±10.57) vs (49.51±9.35) 〕 than the control group (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

MS intervention could facilitate the rise of lower boundary voltage, narrow the bandwidth and improve aEEG scores of preterm infants in QS period and AS period, thus promoting the maturation of aEEG background activity and improving brain development. MS intervention could also prolong the time of QS period and promote the development of brain function, improve the total scores of NBNA and GDS, suggesting that the intervention could improve neurobehavioral development of preterm infants.

Key words: Brain diseases, Premature birth, Multisensory intervention, Neurodevelopmental disorders, Amplitude integrated electroencephalogram, Electroencephalography, Neurobehavioral signs and symptoms, Randomized controlled trial