中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (27): 3384-3389.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0269

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

高海拔地区新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征初始呼吸支持策略的影响因素及早期结局分析

韩同英1, 叶琼波2, 德吉玉珍2, 龙海赟2, 杨冲冲2, 李莉1, 玉珍2,*()   

  1. 1.100020 北京市,首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院新生儿内科
    2.850000 西藏自治区拉萨市人民医院儿科
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-05 修回日期:2022-05-10 出版日期:2022-09-20 发布日期:2022-06-23
  • 通讯作者: 玉珍
  • 韩同英,叶琼波,德吉玉珍,等.高海拔地区新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征初始呼吸支持策略的影响因素及早期结局分析[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(27):3384-3389.[www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:韩同英进行文章的构思与设计、文章的可行性分析、统计学处理,论文的起草、初步撰写、修订;叶琼波、德吉玉珍、龙海赟、杨冲冲负责研究数据的收集及整理;李莉指导文章撰写,提出统计学分析,图表的绘制;玉珍提出研究思路,负责调查对象的选取标准及病例分组研究,论文最终版本修订,对论文整体负责。
  • 基金资助:
    2020年西藏自治区自然科学基金组团式援藏医学项目(XZ2020ZR-ZY29(Z)])

Influencing Factors in Selecting Initial Respiratory Support Strategies in Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Early Outcomes of Different Support Strategies in High Altitude Areas

Tongying HAN1, Qiongbo YE2, Yuzhen DEJI2, Haiyun LONG2, Chongchong YANG2, Li LI1, Zhen YU2,*()   

  1. 1. Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
    2. Department of Paediatrics, Lhasa People's Hospital, Lhasa 850000, China
  • Received:2022-03-05 Revised:2022-05-10 Published:2022-09-20 Online:2022-06-23
  • Contact: Zhen YU
  • About author:
    HAN T Y, YE Q B, DEJI Y Z, et al. Influencing factors in selecting initial respiratory support strategies in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and early outcomes of different support strategies in high altitude areas [J] . Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25 (27) : 3384-3389.

摘要: 背景 目前呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)早产儿的治疗有多种辅助呼吸模式,而西藏高原地区条件有限,且气压、氧含量低,NRDS早产儿初始呼吸支持策略只能应用气管插管-注入肺表面活性物质-拔管后经鼻持续正压通气(INSURE技术)和机械通气(MV),西藏高原地区NRDS早产儿初始呼吸支持策略受哪些因素影响尚不清楚。 目的 探讨高海拔地区NRDS初始呼吸支持策略的影响因素及不同支持策略的早期临床结局。 方法 回顾性分析2018年6月至2020年6月在拉萨市人民医院儿科新生儿病房住院确诊为NRDS的183例早产儿的临床资料及其母亲的一般资料。按照接受的初始呼吸支持策略分为INSURE组(n=122)和MV组(n=61)。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨NRDS应用MV的影响因素。 结果 MV组NRDS早产儿胎龄,出生体质量,生后1 min、5 min、10 min Apgar评分均低于INSURE组,母亲产前糖皮质激素治疗比例高于INSURE组(P<0.05)。INSURE组和MV组NRDS早产儿不同胎龄构成比比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);INSURE组和MV组NRDS早产儿5 min Apgar评分构成比比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。MV组死亡率、肺出血发病率均高于INSUR组(P<0.05)。存活患儿MV组支气管肺发育不良(BPD)发病率为43.2%(16/37)高于INSURE组的16.1%(18/112)(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,胎龄、生后5 min Apgar评分、母亲产前应用糖皮质激素治疗是NRDS早产儿应用MV的影响因素(P<0.05)。 结论 在西藏高原地区,出生胎龄、生后5 min Apgar评分、产前是否应用糖皮质激素与NRDS早产儿初始呼吸支持策略密切相关。

关键词: 呼吸窘迫综合征,新生儿, 呼吸,人工, 持续气道正压通气, 高海拔, 预后, 影响因素分析

Abstract:

Background

At present, there are a variety of mechanical ventilation mode of breathing for premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) , but the application of these techniques in Tibetan Plateau are limited because of the low air pressure and oxygen content and etc. The NRDS initial breathing support measures can only be performed with INSURE technique (tracheal intubation—injection of pulmonary surfactant—nasal continuous positive airway pressure ventilation after extubation) and invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) . It is currently unclear what factors influence the selection of the NRDS initial breathing support therapy in premature infants in Tibetan Plateau.

Objective

To explore the factors in selection of supporting NRDS initial breathing strategies in high altitude area and evaluate the early clinical outcomes of different supporting strategies.

Methods

The clinical data of 183 premature infants diagnosed with NRDS and their mother's general data in Paediatri neonatal ward of Lhasa People's Hospital from June 2018 to June 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the accepted initial respiratory support mode, they were divided into INSURE group (n=122) and MV group (n=61) . Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis was used to explore influencing factors in selection of NRDS initial breathing support treatment.

Results

The gestational age, birth weight, 1 min, 5 min and 10 min Apgar scores in MV group were lower than those in INSURE group and the proportion of prenatal application of glucocorticoids was higher than that in INSURE group (P<0.05) . The difference was statistically significant after comparing the composition of premature infants of different gestational ages between INSURE group and MV group (P<0.05) . The difference was statistically significant as well after comparing the composition of NRDS 5 min Apgar score between INSURE group and MV group (P<0.05) . The mortality and incidence of pulmonary hemorrhage in MV group were higher than those in INSURE group (P<0.05) . Among the surviving infants, the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in MV group was higher than that in INSURE group〔43.2% (16/37) vs 16.1% (18/112) 〕 (P<0.05) . Multifactoral Logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age, Apgar score at 5 minutes after birth and whether to use prenatal glucocorticoid were influencing factors in selecting MV for premature infants with NRDS (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

In Tibet Plateau, the gestational age at birth, Apgar at 5 minutes after birth and whether to use glucocorticoids before delivery are closely related in the selection of the NRDS initial breathing support strategy.

Key words: Respiratory distress syndrome, newborn, Respiration, artificial, Continuous positive airway pressure, Altitude, Prognosis, Root cause analysis