中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (27): 3365-3372.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0206

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征患者罪犯血管闭塞的影响因素及远期预后研究

陈旭, 刘汉雄, 余秀琼, 成联超, 齐灵垚, 杨思琪, 罗艳, 蔡琳*()   

  1. 610031 四川省成都市,西南交通大学附属医院 成都市第三人民医院心内科
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-10 修回日期:2022-04-28 出版日期:2022-09-20 发布日期:2022-07-07
  • 通讯作者: 蔡琳
  • 陈旭,刘汉雄,余秀琼,等.非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征患者罪犯血管闭塞的影响因素及远期预后研究[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(27):3365-3372.[www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:陈旭进行文章的构思与设计、结果的分析与解释、研究的实施与可行性分析、统计学处理,撰写论文、论文的修订;刘汉雄、余秀琼进行研究的实施与可行性分析、论文的修订;成联超进行数据收集及整理、论文的修订;齐灵垚、杨思琪、罗艳进行数据收集及整理;蔡琳进行文章的构思与设计、结果的分析与解释、研究的实施与可行性分析、论文的修订、文章的质量控制及审校,对文章整体负责,监督管理。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省应用基础研究基金(2018JY0126,2020YJ0483,2021YJ0215); 成都市高水平临床重点专科建设项目

Total Occlusion of the Culprit Artery in Non-ST-segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome: an Analysis of the Influencing Factors and Long-term Outcome Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Xu CHEN, Hanxiong LIU, Xiuqiong YU, Lianchao CHENG, Lingyao QI, Siqi YANG, Yan LUO, Lin CAI*()   

  1. Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University/The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
  • Received:2022-02-10 Revised:2022-04-28 Published:2022-09-20 Online:2022-07-07
  • Contact: Lin CAI
  • About author:
    CHEN X, LIU H X, YU X Q, et al. Total occlusion of the culprit artery in non-st-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: an analysis of the influencing factors and long-term outcome following percutaneous coronary intervention [J] . Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25 (27) : 3365-3372.

摘要: 背景 目前发现约1/4的非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征(NSTE-ACS)患者存在罪犯血管闭塞,且这类患者预后较差,而目前国内针对这一人群的研究较少。 目的 分析NSTE-ACS患者罪犯血管闭塞的影响因素,并探究行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后患者的远期预后。 方法 纳入2018年1月至2019年12月于成都市第三人民医院行PCI的NSTE-ACS患者307例,依据PCI术前冠状动脉造影时罪犯血管的心肌梗死溶栓治疗(TIMI)血流分级,将患者分为闭塞组(TIMI分级0~1级,n=42)和非闭塞组(TIMI分级2~3级,n=265)。收集患者临床资料并定期随访,随访截至2021年1月,终点事件为主要不良心脑血管事件(MACCE),包括全因死亡、再发心肌梗死、再次血运重建、新发脑卒中。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨罪犯血管闭塞的影响因素,采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制患者MACCE累积发生率的生存曲线,采用多因素Cox比例风险模型回归分析罪犯血管闭塞对PCI术后患者预后的影响。 结果 闭塞组入院诊断为非ST段抬高型心肌梗死比例、高敏肌钙蛋白T、肌酸激酶同工酶、血浆B型脑钠肽、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、罪犯血管部位为左回旋支冠状动脉比例高于非闭塞组,入院时收缩压、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、罪犯血管部位为左前降支冠状动脉比例低于非闭塞组(P<0.05);多因素Logistics回归分析显示LVEF是NSTE-ACS患者罪犯血管闭塞的影响因素〔OR=1.064,95%CI(1.018,1.112),P=0.006〕。随访期间,闭塞组MACCE事件、再次血运重建、新发脑卒中的累积发生率高于非闭塞组(P<0.05)。经校正后的多因素Cox比例风险模型回归分析显示罪犯血管闭塞是NSTE-ACS患者发生MACCE〔OR=2.684,95%CI(1.229,5.862),P=0.013〕和再次血运重建〔OR=3.024,95%CI(1.320,6.931),P=0.009〕的影响因素。 结论 LVEF是NSTE-ACS患者罪犯血管闭塞的影响因素,建议将床旁心脏彩超作为NSTE-ACS患者行冠状动脉造影前的常规检查,此外罪犯血管闭塞是NSTE-ACS患者发生MACCE、再次血运重建、新发脑卒中的影响因素。

关键词: 急性冠状动脉综合征, 心血管疾病, 经皮冠状动脉介入治疗, 心电描记术, 预后, 影响因素分析

Abstract:

Background

About one-fourth of patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) are found with total occlusion of the culprit artery, and their outcomes are poor. However, there is little research in this population in China.

Objective

To identify the possible influencing factors of total occlusion of the culprit artery and long-term outcomes following percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in patients with NSTE-ACS.

Methods

Three hundred and seven NSTE-ACS patients with PCI treatment were recruited from the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu from January 2018 to December 2019, among whom, 42 with total occlusion of the culprit artery (pre-PCI TIMI grade 0 or 1, occlusion group) , and other 265 without (pre-PCI TIMI grade 2 or 3, non-occlusion group) . The baseline characteristics and results of regular follow-ups were collected. The endpoints were major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) , including all-cause death, recurrent myocardial infarction, revascularization, and new stroke. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to identify the potential influencing factors of total occlusion of the culprit artery. The Kaplan-Meier was used to estimate the cumulative incidence of MACCE. Multivariate Cox regression was adopted to assess the influence of total occlusion of the culprit artery on prognosis.

Results

Compared with non-occlusion group, occlusion group had higher prevalence of non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction and the left circumflex coronary artery as the culprit vessel, as well as higher levels of hypersensitive troponin T, creatine kinase isoenzyme and B-type natriuretic peptide at admission (P<0.05) . Moreover, occlusion group had lower level of systolic blood pressure and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) , as well as the left anterior descending coronary artery as the culprit vessel at admission (P<0.05) . The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed LVEF〔OR=1.064, 95%CI (1.018, 1.112) , P=0.006〕 was associated with total occlusion of the culprit artery in NSTE-ACS. Occlusion group had higher cumulative incidence of MACCE, revascularization or new stroke than non-occlusion group (P<0.05) . After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that total occlusion of the culprit artery was associated with MACCE〔OR=2.684, 95%CI (1.229, 5.862) , P=0.013〕 and revascularization〔OR=3.024, 95%CI (1.320, 6.931) , P=0.009〕 in NSTE-ACS.

Conclusion

LVEF may be an associated factor of total occlusion of the culprit artery in patients with NSTE-ACS. Therefore bedside echocardiography is recommended as a routine examination before coronary angiography in patients with NSTE-ACS. In addition, total occlusion of the culprit artery is an influencing factor of MACCE, revascularization, and new stroke in these patients.

Key words: Acute coronary syndrome, Cardiovascular diseases, Percutaneous coronary intervention, Electrocardiography, Prognosis, Root cause analysis