中国全科医学 ›› 2021, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (20): 2573-2579.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.556

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

食管压指导呼气末正压滴定对急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者早期预后影响的Meta分析

刘甜,杜玉明*,孙建浩,汪小迪   

  1. 450052河南省郑州市,郑州大学第一附属医院综合重症监护室(2)
    *通信作者:杜玉明,教授,副主任医师;E-mail:duyuming2998@163.com
  • 出版日期:2021-07-15 发布日期:2021-07-15
  • 基金资助:
    Respiratory distress syndrome,adult;Acute respiratory distress syndrome;Esophageal pressure;Transpulmonary pressure;Positive-pressure respiration;Prognosis;Meta-analysis

Influence of Titrated Positive End-expiratory Pressure Using an Esophageal Pressure-guided Strategy on the Early Prognosis of Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome:a Meta-analysis 

LIU Tian,DU Yuming*,SUN Jianhao,WANG Xiaodi   

  1. No.2 Integrated Intensive Care Unit,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China
    *Corresponding author:DU Yuming,Professor,Associate chief physician;E-mail:duyuming2998@163.com
  • Published:2021-07-15 Online:2021-07-15

摘要: 背景 急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)是常见的引起重症监护室内患者死亡的疾病,机械通气是维持患者生命的主要支持手段。通气策略与患者预后密切相关,目前通过食管压指导呼气末正压(PEEP)滴定的机械通气策略对ARDS患者早期预后的影响尚存争议。目的 评价食管压指导PEEP滴定与高PEEP相比对ARDS患者早期预后的影响。方法 计算机检索PubMed、EMBase、The Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台及维普数据库自建库至2020-06-18所有公开发表的关于食管压指导PEEP滴定方案治疗ARDS患者的随机对照试验(RCT),并对纳入文献的参考文献进行引证索引。试验组为常规治疗加食管压指导PEEP滴定方案的机械通气,对照组为常规治疗加临床推荐的高PEEP指导的机械通气;结局指标:主要结局指标(28 d死亡风险)、次要结局指标(氧合指数、PEEP、机械通气天数)。按照纳入和排除标准筛选文献并对纳入的文献进行质量评价,数据分析应用Stata 16.0软件及Rev Man5.3软件。结果 共13篇文献符合纳入标准,中文文献9篇、英文文献4篇,其中12篇单中心RCT,1篇多中心RCT,共800例患者。试验组患者28 d死亡率低于对照组〔OR=0.55,95%CI(0.39,0.79),P=0.001〕。试验组患者氧合指数高于对照组〔SMD=1.86,95%CI(1.65,2.08),P<0.000 01〕。试验组患者PEEP高于对照组〔SMD=1.27,95%CI(1.04,1.51),P<0.000 01〕。试验组患者机械通气天数少于对照组〔SMD=-1.51,95%CI(-1.79,-1.22),P<0.000 01〕。结论 食管压指导PEEP滴定可以降低ARDS患者28 d的死亡风险,改善患者临床症状,对ARDS患者早期预后具有积极意义,推荐在ARDS患者机械通气管理中使用食管测压。

关键词: 呼吸窘迫综合征, 成人;急性呼吸窘迫综合征;食管压;跨肺压;正压呼吸;预后;Meta分析

Abstract: Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) is a common cause of death in the ICU.The strategy used in mechanical ventilation,a major support for sustaining life,is closely related to the prognosis of patients.Currently,it is still a controversy regarding the strength of association of titrated positive end-expiratory pressure(PEEP) using an esophageal pressure-guided strategy with the early prognosis of ARDS patients.Objective To evaluate the effect of titrated PEEP using an esophageal pressure-guided strategy compared with high PEEP on the early prognosis of ARDS patients.Methods The PubMed,EMBase,The Cochrane Library,CNKI,Wanfang Data and VIP databases were searched from inception to 2020-06-18 for published randomized controlled trials(RCT) about ARDS patients treated with esophageal pressure-guided PEEP titration.The test group was treated with conventional treatment and peep titration guided by esophageal pressure,while the control group was treated with conventional treatment and high PEEP guided mechanical ventilation;outcome measures: main outcome measures (28 day mortality risk),secondary outcome measures (oxygenation index,peep,days of mechanical ventilation).The RCTs were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and evaluated in terms of the quality of methodology,and their references were cited and indexed.Stata 16.0 and RevMan5.3 were used for data analysis.Results A total of 13 RCTs were included,involving 800 cases,of which 12 were single-center,and one was multicenter;9 were published in Chinese,and 4 in English.The analysis revealed that compared to the control group,the test group had lower risk of 28-day mortality〔OR=0.55,95%CI(0.39,0.79),P=0.001〕,higher mean oxygenation index〔SMD=1.86,95%CI(1.65,2.08),P<0.000 01)〕,higher mean PEEP〔SMD=1.27,95%CI(1.04,1.51),P<0.000 01〕,and less mean number of days of mechanical ventilation〔SMD=-1.51,95%CI(-1.79,1.22),P<0.000 01〕.Conclusion Esophageal pressure-guided PEEP titration could reduce the risk of 28-day mortality,and improve clinical symptoms in patients with ARDS,indicating that it may play a positive role in improving early prognosis,so it is recommended to use esophageal manometry in the management of mechanical ventilation in patients with ARDS.