中国全科医学 ›› 2021, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (5): 633-636.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2020.00.520

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    

全科医学临床诊疗思维研究——口角歪斜

黄素素,王静*   

  1. 310053 浙江省杭州市,杭州医学院临床医学院全科医学教研室
    *通讯作者:王静,教授;E-mail:wj631001@qq.com
  • 出版日期:2021-02-15 发布日期:2021-02-15
  • 基金资助:
    基金项目:杭州医学院教学改革和研究重大招标项目(XJJG201802)

Clinical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Perspectives in Primary Care Practice:a Case Study of Mouth Deviation 

HUANG Susu,WANG Jing*   

  1. Teaching-Research Office of General Practice,Department of Clinical Medicine,Hangzhou Medical College,Hangzhou 310053,China
    *Corresponding author:WANG Jing,Professor;E-mail:wj631001@qq.com
  • Published:2021-02-15 Online:2021-02-15

摘要: 本文报道全科医生接诊1例“口角歪斜”的患者,从全科医学视角出发,采用约翰•莫塔教授的临床安全策略——临床5问思维法:(1)哪些常见疾病会引起口角歪斜?(2)哪些重要疾病不能忽视?(3)是否有潜在的常被掩盖的疾病?(4)有哪些容易被遗漏的病因?(5)家属是不是有什么话还没有说?结合病史、查体和辅助检查综合分析,确诊为特发性面神经麻痹。本案例的启示:(1)接诊口角歪斜患者时,需要注意患者是否伴有其他神经系统症状和体征,注意是不是急危重症,如果是,立即转专科处理。(2)面神经麻痹虽然表现为躯体功能障碍,但对患者的情感有很大的影响,本文结合RICE问诊,对患者的疾病、想法、担忧和期望进行分析和解答,展现全科医生以患者为中心的临床诊疗思维和同理心,达到既治病又治人的效果。

关键词: 面神经麻痹, 全科医生, 临床5问思维法, RICE问诊

Abstract: When encountering a case of mouth deviation,we mainly used John Murtagh's safe diagnostic strategy from a general medical perspective,which consists of five clinical questions:(1) What common diseases could cause mouth deviation?(2)What severe disorders must not be overlooked?(3) Could the patient have a concealed illness?(4)What conditions are often missed?(5)Is the patient's family member trying to say something?The case was diagnosed with idiopathic facial paralysis based on detailed consultation,careful physical examination and auxiliary examination.The significance of this diagnostic procedure is:(1)The patient should be transferred to a specialist immediately if he has other neurological symptoms and signs and acute critical condition observed carefully during the consultation.(2)Although facial paralysis is a physical dysfunction,it has a great impact on the patient's emotions.To analyze mouth deviation,and explain the patient's thoughts,worries and expectations,we additionally adopted RICE(Reason-Idea-Concern-Expectation)skills during the consultation,using a patient-centered perspective with empathy,achieving a somatopsychic therapeutic effect.

Key words: Facial paralysis, General practitioners, Clinical 5-question thinking method, RICE inquiring