关键词: 全科医生, 集中指数, 泰尔指数, 公平性

Abstract: Background　Nowadays，the society is faced with problems such as aging population and high incidence of chronic diseases.The implementation of general practitioner（GP） system is an important way to guarantee and maintain residents' health.A sufficient number of GPs is a necessary condition for residents to obtain the services from GPs.The GP system has made great progress in recent years，but the distribution of GPs is different in areas with different economic development levels.It is an important part of achieving universal health to understand the situation of GPs in areas with different economic development levels and guide the reasonable allocation of GPs in each area.Objective　To analyze the distribution of GPs and its change trends in regions with different economic development levels in China.Methods　Using the data of the National data website of the People's Republic of China from 2013 to 2018，31 provinces（autonomous regions and municipalities） in China were divided into five different economic level groups according to the per capita GDP.Combined with the number of GPs in different regions in China Health and Family Planning Statistical Yearbook 2013—2017 and China Health and Wellbeing Statistical Yearbook 2018，a descriptive analysis was made on the distribution of the GPs in each group.The concentration index was used to analyze the trend of fairness changes，and the overall difference in distribution was configured through the Theil index.Results　From 2012 to 2017，the number of GPs in China increased from 0.109 8 million to 0.252 7 million with an increase of 130.15%.The number of GPs per 10 000 population in the highest economic level group was significantly larger than the other economic level groups，reaching 3.61 per 10 000 population in 2017.During the same period，the GP concentration index declined first and then rose，reaching the lowest level in 2015（0.192 1）.According to the decomposition of Theil index contribution rate，the annual difference rate between different economic level groups contributed more than 70%.Conclusion　The number of GPs in China has increased significantly.The number of GPs and the proportion of GPs registering in general practice as specialty are both relatively great in areas with high economic development level.The distribution fairness of GPs is poor in regions with different economic development levels，and the difference between groups with different economic levels is the main source of the unfair distribution of GPs.

Key words: General practitioners, Concentration index, Theil index, Equity