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health institutions,but there are still deficiencies in some aspects. Objective To investigate the status of informatization
construction of primary health institutions in Jiangsu Province,in order to analyze the existing problems and provide corresponding
countermeasures. Methods From July to October 2020,a stratified random sampling method was used to select 500 primary
health institutions from 13 cities in Jiangsu Province to carry out a questionnaire survey. The contents of the questionnaire included
the financial planning and fund sources for infomatization construction of the primary health institutions,status of information
system construction of hospitals,the informatization of residents' health records,the deployment of informatization staffs,
medical information sharing,status of telemedicine and satisfaction to the informationization of the primary health institutions.
The vice president of business filled in the questionnaire according to the truth. Results A total of 416 valid questionnaires from
the primary health institutions were obtained,accounting for 26.5%(416/1 567) of all the primary health institutions in the
province. 80.0%(333/416) of the informatization construction of primary health institutions is planned by the county(city,
district) government,and 67.3%(280/416) got fund from the government finance. 99.0%(412/416) of the primary health
institutions constructed hospital information management system,92.1%(383/416) constructed outpatient system,81.7%(340/416)
constructed electronic medical record system,45.0%(187/416) constructed clinical information system,98.3%(409/416)
constructed information system of residents' health records. 31.3%(130/416) of the primary health institutions shared medical
information to the patients,83.9%(349/416) shared the medical information to the community health service station and the
village clinics,14.2%(59/416) shared the medical information to the superior hospitals,29.1%(121/416) shared the
medical information over the county,4.3%(18/416) shared the medical information over the city. 38.2%(159/416) of the
primary health institutions carried out such services as online appointment,ECG or CT diagnosis,and 15.6%(65/416) carried
out real-time outpatient service. 81.3%(338/416) of the primary health institutions showed satisfaction to the informatization
construction,and the institutions with different types or in different cities showed different satisfaction. Conclusion The overall
informatization of primary health institutions in Jiangsu is is relatively good,but there are still phenomena such as unbalanced
regional development,low level of cross-regional information sharing and lack of popularization of telemedicine,which needs to
be further improved.
【Key words】 Primary health institutions;Informatization construction;Township health centers;Community health
centers;Hospital information systems;Electronic health records;Telemedicine
“十三五”期间,我国基层卫生信息化发展迅速, 1 对象与方法
表现为信息系统快速普及,互联互通得到加强,业务应 1.1 研究对象 于 2020 年 7—10 月,以江苏省 13 个
[1]
用丰富多样 。国家卫生健康委统计信息中心调查显示, 设区市为样本地区,参考各设区市下辖县(市、区)的
在全国范围内,社区卫生服务中心的信息系统覆盖率 面积、人口数、基层医疗卫生机构数,在每个县(市、
为 72.6%(9 623/13 256),乡镇卫生院的信息系统覆盖 区)随机抽取基层医疗卫生机构 3~5 家,最终抽取基层
率为 82.0%(22 021/26 865),基层医疗卫生机构的电 医疗卫生机构 500 家。以调查数据被有效回收的 416 家
子病历应用率为 68.2%(1 312/1 924),居民健康档案 为研究对象,其中社区卫生服务中心 168 家、乡镇卫生
管理信息化率为 92.1%(1 772/1 924) [2] 。各省份的信 院 248 家。各设区市抽取的样本机构数量不等,最多的
息化建设也颇具特色,如贵州省建立了覆盖省 - 市 - 县 - 为南京市(52 家),最少的为连云港市(20 家)。调
乡 - 村的 5 级医疗服务网,浙江省在手机“浙里办”APP 查期间,江苏省共有基层医疗卫生机构 1 567 家(社区
中开通了可供全省居民查询电子健康档案的服务 [1] 。 卫生服务站、村卫生室未计入内),其中社区卫生服务
另外,在新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情防控期间, 中心 568 家、乡镇卫生院 999 家 [6] 。本研究抽取的基
基层卫生信息化也发挥了积极作用 [3] 。江苏省在基层 层医疗卫生机构占全省同类机构的 26.5%,抽取的社区
医疗卫生机构信息系统覆盖率、居民健康档案管理信息 卫生服务中心占全省同类机构的 29.6%,抽取的乡镇卫
化等方面高于全国平均水平,同时也存在医疗信息共享 生院占全省同类机构的 24.8%。
差、居民获得感和满意度不高等问题 [4-5] ,目前尚缺乏 1.2 研究方法
针对江苏省基层卫生信息化建设的大规模调研。本研究 1.2.1 调查工具 根据 WS/T 517—2016《基层医疗卫
旨在了解江苏省基层卫生信息化建设和使用现状,以发 生信息系统基本功能规范》和《全国基层医疗卫生机构
现其在建设过程中存在的问题,并提出相应对策建议, 信息化建设标准与规范(试行)》(国卫规划函〔2019〕
从而为江苏省乃至全国其他地区基层卫生信息化建设提 87 号),参考国家卫生健康委统计信息中心设计的“医
供参考。 院信息化调查表” [7] ,以及基层卫生领域相关专家建