Analysis of HIV/AIDS Sentinel Surveillance Results of Pregnant and Parturient Women in Sichuan Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture during 2011 and 2015

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2016.33.019

Abstract

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the maternal awareness of AIDS prevention and control knowledge,situation of migrant workers and HIV antibody test results in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province during 2011 and 2015,in order to master the disease epidemic trends and present the main direction and key measures for HIV/AIDS prevention of pregnant and parturient women in future.Methods　800 cases of pregnant and parturient women who met the inclusion criteria in the urban areas （Xichang City） and the Yi-concentrated areas （Zhaojue County） monitoring sentinel in Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture were selected as the study objects from April to June each year during 2011 and 2015.There were 400 cases in each area.The basic information （age,educational level,pregnancy frequency）,knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment,situation of migrant workers,HIV antibody positive rate were investigated using the maternity monitoring questionnaire surveyed by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Disease of AIDS Prevention and Center.Results　The pregnant and parturient women’s age >35 years old,educational level of illiterate or primary school and pregnancy >2 times in the Yi-concentrated areas were higher than urban areas （P<0.05）.There was no significant difference in the awareness rate of HIV/AIDS prevention and control of pregnant and parturient women between the urban areas and Yi-concentrated areas in 2011 （P>0.05）.The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS prevention and control of pregnant and parturient women in the Yi-concentrated areas was lower than urban areas in 2012（P<0.05）.The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS prevention and control of pregnant and parturient women in the Yi-concentrated areas was higher than urban areas from 2013 to 2015（P<0.05）.The rae of migrant workers of pregnant and parturient women in the Yi-concentrated areas was lower than urban areas from 2011 to 2014（P<0.05）.There was no significant difference in the rate of migrant workers of pregnant and parturient women between the urban areas and Yi-concentrated areas in 2015（P>0.05）.There were 2 cases maternal refusal to collect blood samples both in urban areas and Yi-concentrated areas in 2011.The positive rate of HIV antibody among pregnant and parturient women in Yi-concentrated areas was higher than in urban areas from 2013 to 2015（P<0.05）.The positive rate of HIV antibody in pregnant and parturient women in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture was 2.39%（19/796）,2.50%（20/800）,2.00%（16/800）,2.13%（17/800）,2.25%（18/800） in 2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,respectively.Conclusion　The HIV antibody positive rate of pregnant and parturient women are always 2.00% and over in Iiangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture during 2011 and 2015.It is a higher region in the whole country and showed significant regional differences.The disease’s control need to be combined with the local cultural characteristics.

Key words: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Pregnant women, Liangshan, Epidemiologic studies

摘要： 目的　分析2011—2015年四川省凉山彝族自治州孕产妇人群艾滋病防治知识知晓情况、曾外出务工情况以及HIV抗体检测结果，掌握疾病流行动态，为今后孕产妇人群艾滋病防治提出主要方向和重点措施。方法　选取2011—2015年每年4—6月凉山彝族自治州城市地区（即西昌市）和彝族聚居地区（即昭觉县）监测哨点符合纳入标准的800例孕产妇为研究对象，各地区400例。采用中国疾病控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心统一制定的孕产妇哨点监测问卷调查孕产妇的基本资料（年龄、文化程度、妊娠次数）、艾滋病防治知识知晓情况、曾外出务工情况、HIV抗体阳性率。结果　2011—2015年凉山彝族自治州彝族聚居地区孕产妇年龄>35岁、文化程度为文盲或小学、妊娠>2次的比例均高于城市地区孕产妇（P<0.05）。2011年凉山彝族自治州城市地区与彝族聚居地区孕产妇艾滋病防治知识知晓率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；2012年凉山彝族自治州彝族聚居地区孕产妇艾滋病防治知识知晓率低于城市地区，2013—2015年凉山彝族自治州彝族聚居地区孕产妇艾滋病防治知识知晓率高于城市地区（P<0.05）。2011—2014年凉山彝族自治州彝族聚居地区孕产妇曾外出务工率低于城市地区（P<0.05）；2015年凉山彝族自治州城市地区与彝族聚居地区孕产妇外出务工率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。2011年凉山彝族自治州城市地区与彝族聚居地区均有2例孕产妇拒绝采集血样。2011—2015年凉山彝族自治州彝族聚居地区孕产妇HIV抗体阳性率均高于城市地区（P<0.05）。2011年、2012年、2013年、2014年、2015年凉山彝族自治州孕产妇HIV抗体阳性率分别为2.39%（19/796）、2.50%（20/800）、2.00%（16/800）、2.13%（17/800）、2.25%（18/800）。结论　2011—2015年凉山彝族自治州孕产妇HIV抗体阳性率均在2.00%及以上，在全国范围内均属较高地区，呈明显的地区差异，且疾病的控制情况还需结合当地的人文特征。

关键词: 获得性免疫缺陷综合征, 孕妇, 凉山, 流行病学研究

LIAO Qiang, GONG Yu-han, WANG Qi-xing, BIAN Shao-yong, YU Gang, WANG Ke, WANG Ju, XIAO Lin, BIAN Shi-chao, CHEN Mao-gang, NAN Lei. Analysis of HIV/AIDS Sentinel Surveillance Results of Pregnant and Parturient Women in Sichuan Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture during 2011 and 2015[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2016, 19(33): 4115-4119.

廖强, 龚煜汉, 王启兴, 边绍勇, 余刚, 王科, 王菊, 肖琳, 边仕超, 谌茂刚, 南磊. 2011—2015年四川省凉山彝族自治州孕产妇人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析[J]. 中国全科医学, 2016, 19(33): 4115-4119.

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