
Chinese General Practice ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (10): 1225-1238.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0401
Special Issue: 躯体功能与健康最新文章合辑; 老年人群健康最新文章合辑
• Guidelines·Consensus • Next Articles
Received:2025-12-01
Revised:2025-12-19
Published:2026-04-05
Online:2026-03-25
基金资助:CLC Number:
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URL: https://www.chinagp.net/EN/10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0401
| 级别 | 分级标准 |
|---|---|
| 推荐强度 | |
| 强推荐(Ⅰ) | 充分考虑了证据质量和可操作性,推荐在大多数情况下应予实施 |
| 弱推荐(Ⅱ) | 证据价值存在一定不确定性,或由于操作性和结果解读的不足,倾向于低级推荐 |
| 证据等级 | |
| 高质量(A) | 非常确信真实值接近观察值 |
| 中质量(B) | 对观察值有中等程度信心:真实值有可能接近观察值,但仍存在两者不同的可能性 |
| 低质量(C) | 对观察值的确信程度有限:真实值可能与观察值不同 |
| 极低质量(D) | 对观察值几乎没有信心:真实值很可能与观察值不同 |
Table 1 GRADE evidence quality and recommendation strength grading
| 级别 | 分级标准 |
|---|---|
| 推荐强度 | |
| 强推荐(Ⅰ) | 充分考虑了证据质量和可操作性,推荐在大多数情况下应予实施 |
| 弱推荐(Ⅱ) | 证据价值存在一定不确定性,或由于操作性和结果解读的不足,倾向于低级推荐 |
| 证据等级 | |
| 高质量(A) | 非常确信真实值接近观察值 |
| 中质量(B) | 对观察值有中等程度信心:真实值有可能接近观察值,但仍存在两者不同的可能性 |
| 低质量(C) | 对观察值的确信程度有限:真实值可能与观察值不同 |
| 极低质量(D) | 对观察值几乎没有信心:真实值很可能与观察值不同 |
| 条目 | 问题 | 下降 | 正常 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 认知 | 1.记住3个词汇:例如花朵、门、米饭 | 不计分 | 不计分 |
| 2.时间及空间定向力:今天的日期是?现在身处何处(家、诊所等) | 错误或不知道 | 回答正确 | |
| 3.回忆第一问中的3个词汇(花朵、门、米饭) | 无法回忆全部词汇 | 正确回忆全部词汇 | |
| 运动 | 起坐测试:不借助上肢力量,从坐位站起5次,是否能在14 s内完成 | 否 | 是 |
| 活力 | 1.体质量下降:过去3个月内是否在非刻意减重的情况下体质量下降>3 kg | 是 | 否 |
| 2.食欲减退:是否有过食欲减退 | 是 | 否 | |
| 视力 | 您的眼睛是否有以下问题:看远处或阅读有困难,眼疾病,或目前正在接受药物治疗(例如糖尿病、高血压) | 是 | 否 |
| 听力 | 耳语测试闻及耳语,或测听筛查结果≤35 dB,或通过自动化数字噪声测试 | 否 | 是 |
| 心理 | 在过去的两周内,您是否受到以下任何情况困扰: 1.感到压抑、沮丧或绝望 2.对做事缺乏兴趣或乐趣 | 是 | 否 |
Table 2 WHO ICOPE screening tools
| 条目 | 问题 | 下降 | 正常 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 认知 | 1.记住3个词汇:例如花朵、门、米饭 | 不计分 | 不计分 |
| 2.时间及空间定向力:今天的日期是?现在身处何处(家、诊所等) | 错误或不知道 | 回答正确 | |
| 3.回忆第一问中的3个词汇(花朵、门、米饭) | 无法回忆全部词汇 | 正确回忆全部词汇 | |
| 运动 | 起坐测试:不借助上肢力量,从坐位站起5次,是否能在14 s内完成 | 否 | 是 |
| 活力 | 1.体质量下降:过去3个月内是否在非刻意减重的情况下体质量下降>3 kg | 是 | 否 |
| 2.食欲减退:是否有过食欲减退 | 是 | 否 | |
| 视力 | 您的眼睛是否有以下问题:看远处或阅读有困难,眼疾病,或目前正在接受药物治疗(例如糖尿病、高血压) | 是 | 否 |
| 听力 | 耳语测试闻及耳语,或测听筛查结果≤35 dB,或通过自动化数字噪声测试 | 否 | 是 |
| 心理 | 在过去的两周内,您是否受到以下任何情况困扰: 1.感到压抑、沮丧或绝望 2.对做事缺乏兴趣或乐趣 | 是 | 否 |
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