China is not only a high-burden country for tuberculosis (TB) but also bears the largest global burden of hepatitis B. The dual prevalence of TB and hepatitis B poses significant challenges, as co-infected patients face higher risks of treatment failure and relapse. A key clinical challenge lies in ensuring the effective implementation of anti-tuberculosis regimens while minimizing the incidence of liver injury and avoiding treatment interruptions caused by hepatic complications. Due to limited clinical research data in this area in China, comprehensive diagnostic and treatment guidelines for pulmonary TB complicated by chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection have yet to be established. Based on this, and referencing relevant domestic and international guidelines and consensus documents, the National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases Jiangxi Branch, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis organized a panel of experts from various fields including tuberculosis, infectious diseases, hepatology, and pathology to conduct intensive discussions and develop 11 expert consensus recommendations. This consensus aims to provide guidance for standardized diagnosis and treatment as well as scientific management of tuberculosis patients co-infected with HBV.

我国既是结核病高负担国家，也是全球慢性乙型肝炎（简称乙肝）负担最大的国家，结核病与乙肝双重流行的负担不容乐观，此类患者有着更高的治疗失败率、复发率，因此如何在确保抗结核治疗方案顺利实施的基础上降低肝功能损伤的发生率，避免因出现肝损伤导致的抗结核治疗中断，是当前临床治疗肺结核合并慢性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染者的重点和难点。由于我国在此方面的临床研究数据相对较少，目前尚未制订出一套针对肺结核合并慢性HBV感染的完整诊治规范。基于此，参考国内外的相关指南和共识，国家感染性疾病临床医学研究中心江西分中心、江西省结核病重点实验室组织了结核病学、感染病学、肝病学、病理学等多个领域的专家进行了集中研讨，制订并形成了11条推荐意见的专家共识，旨在为肺结核合并HBV感染者的规范化诊治和科学管理提供参考。