Shanghai has been implementing the "1+1+1" combined family doctor contract service for nearly a decade, and its effectiveness in promoting graded diagnosis and treatment and guiding residents to seek medical treatment at the grassroots level needs to be verified. Existing related studies mostly focus on the number of visits to primary clinics and patients' willingness to visit primary clinics as key analysis variables. However, these two indicators cannot comprehensively and truly reflect the actual utilization of primary healthcare services by residents.

To investigate the influencing factors of family doctors' signing up for type 2 diabetes patients to see doctors at the grass-roots level, so as to provide a scientific basis for further optimizing the allocation of community health service resources.

In May 2023, 550 patients with type 2 diabetes who have signed a contract with family doctors were selected by random sampling in Jinshanwei Town, Jinshan District, Shanghai. By accessing the medical data of patients enrolled in the regional health information platform in 2022, if the proportion of patients' visits to community health service institutions in that year to the total number of visits is less than 90%, it is considered that the compliance with grassroots medical treatment is poor, and if it is greater than or equal to 90%, it is considered that the compliance with grassroots medical treatment is good. Conduct a "face-to-face" questionnaire survey on the included patients, covering their basic information, disease and treatment status, health policy awareness and service utilization, etc. According to the Anderson model, the indicators are divided into three categories: propensity factors, ability factors, and need factors. The influencing factors of compliance of contracted type 2 diabetes patients with primary care were analyzed by binary logistic regression.

The questionnaire of 508 patients (92.4%) was effectively collected. Among them, 371 cases (73.0%) had good compliance with grassroots medical treatment, and 137 cases (27.0%) had poor compliance. The average scores of patients on the four dimensions of policy awareness, institutional trust, medical expenses, and medical services are (11.0±3.6), (17.6±2.6), (12.8±1.9), and (17.0±2.3) points, respectively. The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the occupation and the nature of residence in the propensity factors, the type of medical insurance, the per capita monthly income of families, the medical service score in the ability factors, and the institutional trust score in the need factors were the influencing factors of type 2 diabetes patients' compliance with grassroots medical treatment (P<0.05) .

The patients with type 2 diabetes didn't have enough knowledge of the service policy signed by family doctors. Higher quality medical services and more reliable institutional trust were the promoting factors for the grassroots medical behavior of contracted residents with type 2 diabetes. It is suggested to strengthen the policy promotion of family doctor contract services, further enhance the capacity of community health services, and optimize the quality of community health services.

上海市推行"1+1+1"组合式家庭医生签约服务已近十年，其对推进分级诊疗、引导居民基层就诊的效果有待验证。现有相关研究多以基层门诊就诊次数、基层就诊意愿为关键分析变量，但该两项指标不能全面且真实地反映居民的基层卫生服务实际利用情况。

调查家庭医生签约2型糖尿病患者基层就诊行为的影响因素，为进一步优化社区卫生服务资源配置提供科学依据。

于2023年5月，采用随机抽样法在上海市金山区金山卫镇选取已经与家庭医生签约的2型糖尿病患者550例。通过区域卫生信息平台调阅纳入患者2022年的就诊数据，以患者当年到社区卫生服务机构就诊次数占总就诊次数比例<90%为基层就诊依从性差，以≥90%为基层就诊依从性好。对纳入患者进行"面对面"问卷调查，内容涉及患者的基本情况、疾病与治疗情况、卫生政策认知与服务利用情况等，并根据安德森模型，将指标划分为倾向因素、能力因素、需要因素3类。采用二分类Logistic回归分析签约2型糖尿病患者基层就诊依从性的影响因素。

508例（92.4%）患者的问卷被有效回收。其中，基层就诊依从性好者371例（73.0%）、依从性差者137例（27.0%）。患者对政策认知、机构信任、医疗费用、医疗服务4个维度的平均评分分别为（11.0±3.6）、（17.6±2.6）、（12.8±1.9）、（17.0±2.3）分。二分类Logistic回归分析结果显示，倾向因素中的居住地性质、职业，能力因素中的家庭人均月收入、医疗保险类型、医疗服务评分，需要因素中的机构信任评分是签约2型糖尿病患者基层就诊依从性的影响因素（P<0.05）。

已签约2型糖尿病患者的家庭医生签约服务政策认知不足，更优质的医疗服务和更高的机构信任度是已签约2型糖尿病患者到基层就诊的促进因素。建议加强对家庭医生签约服务的政策宣传，进一步提升社区卫生服务能力，优化社区卫生服务质量。