Chinese General Practice ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (26): 3297-3303.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0087
Special Issue: 老年人群健康最新文章合辑; 老年问题最新文章合辑; 脑健康最新研究合辑
• Original Research·Research on Geriatric·Cognitive Impairment • Previous Articles Next Articles
Received:
2024-03-10
Revised:
2024-05-15
Published:
2024-09-15
Online:
2024-06-14
Contact:
HUANG Yanyan
About author:
FENG Yuhui and LI Shanshan are co-first authors
通讯作者:
黄延焱
作者简介:
冯钰惠与李珊珊为共同第一作者
作者贡献:
冯钰惠负责文章的构思与设计,统计学处理,表格的绘制与展示;冯钰惠及李珊珊共同负责结果分析与解释、论文撰写及修订;陶剑文负责研究的实施与可行性分析、现场质量控制、数据收集;黄延焱负责研究的实施与可行性分析、文章的质量控制与审校,对文章整体负责,监督管理。
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人口学特征 | 例数 | 认知功能障碍 | χ2值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
性别 | 0.160 | 0.689 | ||
男 | 188 | 69(36.70) | ||
女 | 186 | 72(38.71) | ||
年龄 | 21.933 | <0.001 | ||
65~69岁 | 183 | 59(32.24) | ||
70~74岁 | 104 | 30(28.85) | ||
75~79岁 | 51 | 24(47.06) | ||
≥80岁 | 36 | 28(77.78) | ||
婚姻状况 | 2.941 | 0.086 | ||
有配偶 | 341 | 124(36.36) | ||
无配偶 | 33 | 17(51.52) | ||
受教育程度 | 4.162 | 0.041 | ||
小学以下 | 14 | 11(78.57) | ||
小学 | 62 | 25(40.32) | ||
初中 | 124 | 46(37.09) | ||
高中 | 105 | 34(32.38) | ||
大学及以上 | 69 | 25(36.23) | ||
独居情况 | 11.035 | 0.001 | ||
是 | 19 | 14(73.68) | ||
否 | 355 | 127(35.77) | ||
经济状况 | 5.112 | 0.164 | ||
<2 000元/月 | 11 | 7(63.64) | ||
2 000~4 000元/月 | 157 | 64(40.76) | ||
4 001~6 000元/月 | 174 | 60(34.48) | ||
>6 000元/月 | 32 | 10(31.25) |
Table 1 Prevalence of cognitive impairment with different demographics characteristic
人口学特征 | 例数 | 认知功能障碍 | χ2值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
性别 | 0.160 | 0.689 | ||
男 | 188 | 69(36.70) | ||
女 | 186 | 72(38.71) | ||
年龄 | 21.933 | <0.001 | ||
65~69岁 | 183 | 59(32.24) | ||
70~74岁 | 104 | 30(28.85) | ||
75~79岁 | 51 | 24(47.06) | ||
≥80岁 | 36 | 28(77.78) | ||
婚姻状况 | 2.941 | 0.086 | ||
有配偶 | 341 | 124(36.36) | ||
无配偶 | 33 | 17(51.52) | ||
受教育程度 | 4.162 | 0.041 | ||
小学以下 | 14 | 11(78.57) | ||
小学 | 62 | 25(40.32) | ||
初中 | 124 | 46(37.09) | ||
高中 | 105 | 34(32.38) | ||
大学及以上 | 69 | 25(36.23) | ||
独居情况 | 11.035 | 0.001 | ||
是 | 19 | 14(73.68) | ||
否 | 355 | 127(35.77) | ||
经济状况 | 5.112 | 0.164 | ||
<2 000元/月 | 11 | 7(63.64) | ||
2 000~4 000元/月 | 157 | 64(40.76) | ||
4 001~6 000元/月 | 174 | 60(34.48) | ||
>6 000元/月 | 32 | 10(31.25) |
生活习惯 | 例数 | 认知功能障碍 | χ2值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
吸烟 | 1.469 | 0.226 | ||
是 | 87 | 28(32.18) | ||
否 | 287 | 113(39.37) | ||
饮酒 | 0.461 | 0.497 | ||
是 | 73 | 25(34.25) | ||
否 | 301 | 116(38.54) | ||
重体力活动 | 0.354 | 0.552 | ||
是 | 39 | 13(33.33) | ||
否 | 335 | 128(38.21) | ||
中等体力活动 | 0.004 | 0.947 | ||
是 | 108 | 41(37.96) | ||
否 | 266 | 100(37.59) | ||
每天步行时间 | 0.051 | 0.821 | ||
<1 h | 114 | 42(36.84) | ||
≥1 h | 260 | 99(38.08) | ||
每天静坐时间 | 9.366 | 0.002 | ||
<3 h | 91 | 22(24.18) | ||
≥3 h | 283 | 119(42.05) | ||
失眠 | 1.045 | 0.307 | ||
是 | 113 | 47(41.59) | ||
否 | 261 | 94(36.02) | ||
睡眠时间 | 3.583 | 0.058 | ||
5~8 h | 40 | 21(52.50) | ||
<5 h或>8 h | 333 | 120(36.04) | ||
荤素均衡 | 0.638 | 0.424 | ||
是 | 325 | 120(36.92) | ||
否 | 49 | 21(42.86) | ||
咖啡 | 1.214 | 0.271 | ||
是 | 83 | 27(32.53) | ||
否 | 291 | 114(39.18) | ||
红茶 | 0.217 | 0.641 | ||
是 | 49 | 17(34.69) | ||
否 | 325 | 124(38.15) | ||
绿茶 | 6.973 | 0.008 | ||
是 | 176 | 54(30.68) | ||
否 | 198 | 87(43.94) |
Table 2 Prevalence of cognitive impairment with different living habits
生活习惯 | 例数 | 认知功能障碍 | χ2值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
吸烟 | 1.469 | 0.226 | ||
是 | 87 | 28(32.18) | ||
否 | 287 | 113(39.37) | ||
饮酒 | 0.461 | 0.497 | ||
是 | 73 | 25(34.25) | ||
否 | 301 | 116(38.54) | ||
重体力活动 | 0.354 | 0.552 | ||
是 | 39 | 13(33.33) | ||
否 | 335 | 128(38.21) | ||
中等体力活动 | 0.004 | 0.947 | ||
是 | 108 | 41(37.96) | ||
否 | 266 | 100(37.59) | ||
每天步行时间 | 0.051 | 0.821 | ||
<1 h | 114 | 42(36.84) | ||
≥1 h | 260 | 99(38.08) | ||
每天静坐时间 | 9.366 | 0.002 | ||
<3 h | 91 | 22(24.18) | ||
≥3 h | 283 | 119(42.05) | ||
失眠 | 1.045 | 0.307 | ||
是 | 113 | 47(41.59) | ||
否 | 261 | 94(36.02) | ||
睡眠时间 | 3.583 | 0.058 | ||
5~8 h | 40 | 21(52.50) | ||
<5 h或>8 h | 333 | 120(36.04) | ||
荤素均衡 | 0.638 | 0.424 | ||
是 | 325 | 120(36.92) | ||
否 | 49 | 21(42.86) | ||
咖啡 | 1.214 | 0.271 | ||
是 | 83 | 27(32.53) | ||
否 | 291 | 114(39.18) | ||
红茶 | 0.217 | 0.641 | ||
是 | 49 | 17(34.69) | ||
否 | 325 | 124(38.15) | ||
绿茶 | 6.973 | 0.008 | ||
是 | 176 | 54(30.68) | ||
否 | 198 | 87(43.94) |
社交活动 | 例数 | 认知功能障碍 | χ2值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
读书、看报 | 10.386 | 0.001 | ||
是 | 235 | 74(31.49) | ||
否 | 139 | 67(48.20) | ||
书画 | 0.087 | 0.768 | ||
是 | 35 | 14(40.00) | ||
否 | 339 | 127(37.46) | ||
手工艺 | 4.678 | 0.031 | ||
是 | 47 | 11(23.40) | ||
否 | 327 | 130(39.76) | ||
新技术 | 3.076 | 0.079 | ||
是 | 40 | 10(25.00) | ||
否 | 334 | 131(39.22) | ||
老年大学 | 1.670 | 0.196 | ||
是 | 36 | 10(27.78) | ||
否 | 338 | 131(38.76) | ||
打麻将、打牌 | 0.445 | 0.505 | ||
是 | 73 | 30(41.10) | ||
否 | 301 | 111(36.88) | ||
下棋 | 1.382 | 0.240 | ||
是 | 26 | 7(4.96) | ||
否 | 348 | 134(95.04) | ||
跳舞 | 0.455 | 0.500 | ||
是 | 34 | 11(32.35) | ||
否 | 340 | 130(38.24) | ||
旅游 | 3.383 | 0.066 | ||
是 | 224 | 76(33.93) | ||
否 | 150 | 65(43.33) | ||
聚会、聊天 | 17.208 | <0.001 | ||
是 | 233 | 69(29.61) | ||
否 | 141 | 72(51.06) | ||
参加居委会活动 | 0.527 | 0.468 | ||
是 | 136 | 48(35.29) | ||
否 | 238 | 93(39.08) |
Table 3 Prevalence of cognitive impairment with different learning and social activities
社交活动 | 例数 | 认知功能障碍 | χ2值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
读书、看报 | 10.386 | 0.001 | ||
是 | 235 | 74(31.49) | ||
否 | 139 | 67(48.20) | ||
书画 | 0.087 | 0.768 | ||
是 | 35 | 14(40.00) | ||
否 | 339 | 127(37.46) | ||
手工艺 | 4.678 | 0.031 | ||
是 | 47 | 11(23.40) | ||
否 | 327 | 130(39.76) | ||
新技术 | 3.076 | 0.079 | ||
是 | 40 | 10(25.00) | ||
否 | 334 | 131(39.22) | ||
老年大学 | 1.670 | 0.196 | ||
是 | 36 | 10(27.78) | ||
否 | 338 | 131(38.76) | ||
打麻将、打牌 | 0.445 | 0.505 | ||
是 | 73 | 30(41.10) | ||
否 | 301 | 111(36.88) | ||
下棋 | 1.382 | 0.240 | ||
是 | 26 | 7(4.96) | ||
否 | 348 | 134(95.04) | ||
跳舞 | 0.455 | 0.500 | ||
是 | 34 | 11(32.35) | ||
否 | 340 | 130(38.24) | ||
旅游 | 3.383 | 0.066 | ||
是 | 224 | 76(33.93) | ||
否 | 150 | 65(43.33) | ||
聚会、聊天 | 17.208 | <0.001 | ||
是 | 233 | 69(29.61) | ||
否 | 141 | 72(51.06) | ||
参加居委会活动 | 0.527 | 0.468 | ||
是 | 136 | 48(35.29) | ||
否 | 238 | 93(39.08) |
健康状况 | 例数 | 认知功能障碍 | χ2值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
高血压 | 1.031 | 0.310 | ||
有 | 248 | 89(35.89) | ||
无 | 126 | 52(41.27) | ||
糖尿病 | 0.466 | 0.495 | ||
有 | 109 | 44(40.37) | ||
无 | 265 | 97(36.60) | ||
冠心病 | 0.012 | 0.913 | ||
有 | 54 | 20(37.04) | ||
无 | 320 | 121(37.81) | ||
高脂血症 | 6.693 | 0.010 | ||
有 | 103 | 28(27.18) | ||
无 | 271 | 113(41.70) | ||
脑卒中 | 0.344 | 0.558 | ||
有 | 33 | 14(42.42) | ||
无 | 341 | 127(37.24) | ||
恶性肿瘤 | 1.105 | 0.298 | ||
有 | 19 | 5(26.32) | ||
无 | 355 | 136(38.31) | ||
慢性支气管炎 | 1.407 | 0.236 | ||
有 | 23 | 6(26.09) | ||
无 | 351 | 135(38.46) | ||
骨关节炎 | 3.583 | 0.058 | ||
有 | 41 | 21(51.22) | ||
无 | 333 | 120(36.04) | ||
胃窦炎 | 2.036 | 0.154 | ||
有 | 31 | 8(25.81) | ||
无 | 343 | 133(38.78) | ||
BMI | 7.969 | 0.047 | ||
<18.5 kg/m2 | 9 | 4(44.44) | ||
18.5~<24.0 kg/m2 | 145 | 65(44.83) | ||
24.0~<28.0 kg/m2 | 176 | 62(35.23) | ||
≥28.0 kg/m2 | 44 | 10(22.73) |
Table 4 Prevalence of cognitive impairment with different health conditions
健康状况 | 例数 | 认知功能障碍 | χ2值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
高血压 | 1.031 | 0.310 | ||
有 | 248 | 89(35.89) | ||
无 | 126 | 52(41.27) | ||
糖尿病 | 0.466 | 0.495 | ||
有 | 109 | 44(40.37) | ||
无 | 265 | 97(36.60) | ||
冠心病 | 0.012 | 0.913 | ||
有 | 54 | 20(37.04) | ||
无 | 320 | 121(37.81) | ||
高脂血症 | 6.693 | 0.010 | ||
有 | 103 | 28(27.18) | ||
无 | 271 | 113(41.70) | ||
脑卒中 | 0.344 | 0.558 | ||
有 | 33 | 14(42.42) | ||
无 | 341 | 127(37.24) | ||
恶性肿瘤 | 1.105 | 0.298 | ||
有 | 19 | 5(26.32) | ||
无 | 355 | 136(38.31) | ||
慢性支气管炎 | 1.407 | 0.236 | ||
有 | 23 | 6(26.09) | ||
无 | 351 | 135(38.46) | ||
骨关节炎 | 3.583 | 0.058 | ||
有 | 41 | 21(51.22) | ||
无 | 333 | 120(36.04) | ||
胃窦炎 | 2.036 | 0.154 | ||
有 | 31 | 8(25.81) | ||
无 | 343 | 133(38.78) | ||
BMI | 7.969 | 0.047 | ||
<18.5 kg/m2 | 9 | 4(44.44) | ||
18.5~<24.0 kg/m2 | 145 | 65(44.83) | ||
24.0~<28.0 kg/m2 | 176 | 62(35.23) | ||
≥28.0 kg/m2 | 44 | 10(22.73) |
变量 | β | SE | Wald χ2值 | P值 | OR值 | 95%CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年龄 | 0.450 | 0.133 | 11.363 | 0.001 | 1.568 | (1.207~2.037) |
受教育程度(以小学以下为参照) | ||||||
小学 | -0.948 | 0.801 | 1.402 | 0.236 | 0.387 | (0.081~1.862) |
初中 | -0.824 | 0.787 | 1.098 | 0.295 | 0.439 | (0.094~2.049) |
高中 | -1.266 | 0.784 | 2.609 | 0.106 | 0.282 | (0.061~1.310) |
大学及以上 | -1.251 | 0.810 | 2.385 | 0.123 | 0.286 | (0.059~1.400) |
独居(以否为参照) | ||||||
是 | 1.272 | 0.610 | 4.345 | 0.037 | 3.569 | (1.079~11.807) |
静坐时间(以<3 h为参照) | ||||||
≥3 h | 0.665 | 0.295 | 5.091 | 0.024 | 1.944 | (1.091~3.462) |
绿茶(以否为参照) | ||||||
是 | -0.247 | 0.250 | 0.979 | 0.323 | 0.781 | (0.478~1.275) |
读书、看报(以否为参照) | ||||||
是 | -0.375 | 0.268 | 1.954 | 0.162 | 0.687 | (0.406~1.163) |
手工艺(以否为参照) | ||||||
是 | -0.288 | 0.398 | 0.525 | 0.469 | 0.750 | (0.344~1.635) |
聚会聊天(以否为参照) | ||||||
是 | -0.556 | 0.252 | 4.851 | 0.028 | 0.574 | (0.350~0.941) |
高脂血症(以否为参照) | ||||||
是 | -0.465 | 0.285 | 2.671 | 0.102 | 0.628 | (0.360~1.097) |
BMI(以<18.5 kg/m2为参照) | ||||||
18.5~<24.0 kg/m2 | 0.353 | 0.787 | 0.202 | 0.653 | 1.424 | (0.305~6.656) |
24.0~<28.0 kg/m2 | 0.126 | 0.785 | 0.026 | 0.872 | 1.135 | (0.244~5.282) |
≥28.0 kg/m2 | -0.442 | 0.858 | 0.266 | 0.606 | 0.643 | (0.120~3.453) |
Table 5 Multivariate Logistic regression of influencing factors with cognitive impairment in elderly people
变量 | β | SE | Wald χ2值 | P值 | OR值 | 95%CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
年龄 | 0.450 | 0.133 | 11.363 | 0.001 | 1.568 | (1.207~2.037) |
受教育程度(以小学以下为参照) | ||||||
小学 | -0.948 | 0.801 | 1.402 | 0.236 | 0.387 | (0.081~1.862) |
初中 | -0.824 | 0.787 | 1.098 | 0.295 | 0.439 | (0.094~2.049) |
高中 | -1.266 | 0.784 | 2.609 | 0.106 | 0.282 | (0.061~1.310) |
大学及以上 | -1.251 | 0.810 | 2.385 | 0.123 | 0.286 | (0.059~1.400) |
独居(以否为参照) | ||||||
是 | 1.272 | 0.610 | 4.345 | 0.037 | 3.569 | (1.079~11.807) |
静坐时间(以<3 h为参照) | ||||||
≥3 h | 0.665 | 0.295 | 5.091 | 0.024 | 1.944 | (1.091~3.462) |
绿茶(以否为参照) | ||||||
是 | -0.247 | 0.250 | 0.979 | 0.323 | 0.781 | (0.478~1.275) |
读书、看报(以否为参照) | ||||||
是 | -0.375 | 0.268 | 1.954 | 0.162 | 0.687 | (0.406~1.163) |
手工艺(以否为参照) | ||||||
是 | -0.288 | 0.398 | 0.525 | 0.469 | 0.750 | (0.344~1.635) |
聚会聊天(以否为参照) | ||||||
是 | -0.556 | 0.252 | 4.851 | 0.028 | 0.574 | (0.350~0.941) |
高脂血症(以否为参照) | ||||||
是 | -0.465 | 0.285 | 2.671 | 0.102 | 0.628 | (0.360~1.097) |
BMI(以<18.5 kg/m2为参照) | ||||||
18.5~<24.0 kg/m2 | 0.353 | 0.787 | 0.202 | 0.653 | 1.424 | (0.305~6.656) |
24.0~<28.0 kg/m2 | 0.126 | 0.785 | 0.026 | 0.872 | 1.135 | (0.244~5.282) |
≥28.0 kg/m2 | -0.442 | 0.858 | 0.266 | 0.606 | 0.643 | (0.120~3.453) |
人群 | 例数 | 总胆固醇 | 三酰甘油 | 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 | 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
正常老年人 | 75 | 5.13±1.06 | 1.89±1.63 | 1.61±0.47 | 2.98±0.96 |
认知障碍老年人 | 28 | 5.18±1.14 | 1.96±1.48 | 1.62±0.48 | 3.13±1.05 |
t值 | -0.228 | -0.332 | -0.136 | -0.671 | |
P值 | 0.820 | 0.741 | 0.892 | 0.504 |
Table 6 Comparison of lipid panels in hyperlipidemia patients with and without cognitive impairment
人群 | 例数 | 总胆固醇 | 三酰甘油 | 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 | 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
正常老年人 | 75 | 5.13±1.06 | 1.89±1.63 | 1.61±0.47 | 2.98±0.96 |
认知障碍老年人 | 28 | 5.18±1.14 | 1.96±1.48 | 1.62±0.48 | 3.13±1.05 |
t值 | -0.228 | -0.332 | -0.136 | -0.671 | |
P值 | 0.820 | 0.741 | 0.892 | 0.504 |
人群 | 例数 | 总胆固醇 | 三酰甘油 | 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 | 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
正常老年人 | 158 | 5.02±0.91 | 1.43±1.05 | 1.70±0.49 | 2.97±0.76 |
认知障碍老年人 | 113 | 4.84±0.90 | 1.54±0.75 | 1.68±0.68 | 2.82±0.76 |
t值 | 1.586 | -0.971 | 0.332 | 1.654 | |
P值 | 0.114 | 0.332 | 0.740 | 0.099 |
Table 7 Comparison of lipid panels in non-hyperlipidemia patients with and without cognitive impairment
人群 | 例数 | 总胆固醇 | 三酰甘油 | 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 | 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
正常老年人 | 158 | 5.02±0.91 | 1.43±1.05 | 1.70±0.49 | 2.97±0.76 |
认知障碍老年人 | 113 | 4.84±0.90 | 1.54±0.75 | 1.68±0.68 | 2.82±0.76 |
t值 | 1.586 | -0.971 | 0.332 | 1.654 | |
P值 | 0.114 | 0.332 | 0.740 | 0.099 |
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