Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a critical transitional stage preceding dementia. With limited pharmacological options available, scalable non-pharmacological interventions are urgently needed. Cognitive digital therapeutics (CDT) represents an emerging approach for cognitive training and long-term management in individuals with MCI. This review summarizes clinical studies of CDT in MCI, synthesizing training modalities, delivery platforms, and their effects on cognitive outcomes. This review also summarizes neuroimaging evidence and highlights potential mechanisms whereby CDT may act through promoting structural brain plasticity and reorganization of functional networks. Building on these findings, this review discusses key challenges in current CDT research, including the lack of adherence assessment, short follow-up durations, and substantial heterogeneity of intervention protocols, and highlights the potential role of artificial intelligence in personalized adaptation, supervised feedback, and remote assessment. Overall, CDT may offer value for long-term MCI management, but longer follow-up studies and standardized adherence-related outcomes are needed to better inform clinical practice and future study design.

轻度认知障碍（MCI）是痴呆发生前的重要过渡阶段，而目前药物治疗手段有限，亟须可推广的非药物干预措施。认知数字疗法（CDT）是MCI认知训练与长期管理的新型治疗方法。本文综述了CDT用于MCI的临床研究，归纳训练形式、交付载体及其对认知功能的影响，同时总结影像学证据，概括认为其可能通过促进脑结构重塑与功能网络重组发挥作用。在此基础上，重点从依从性评价、随访时间、方案异质性等方面讨论CDT研究中的挑战与问题，并指出AI在个体化适配、监督反馈与远程评估中的潜力。本文认为CDT在MCI长期管理方面具有潜在价值，但需开展更长时期的随访与依从性结局评价，希望为临床实践和未来研究设计提供参考。