Effects of Combined Motion Intervention on Body Composition, Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cardiopulmonary Fitness of Obese Female Adolescents

doi:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0483

Chinese General Practice ›› 2024, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (09): 1109-1117.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0483

• Original Research • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of Combined Motion Intervention on Body Composition, Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cardiopulmonary Fitness of Obese Female Adolescents

1. School of Physical Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
2. Department of Physical Education, Hainan Medical College, Haikou 571199, China
3. Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Sports and Health Promotion, Hainan Medical College, Haikou 571199, China
4. School of Management, Hainan Medical College, Haikou 571199, China
5. School of Wushu, Wuhan Sports Unwversity, Wuhan 430079, China
6. Research Center for Northeast Asian Ethnic Traditional Sports, Wuhan Sports Unwversity, Wuhan 430079, China

Received:2023-07-31 Revised:2023-10-24 Published:2024-03-20 Online:2023-12-19
Contact: XU Baichao

组合运动干预对肥胖女青少年身体成分、心血管风险因素及心肺适能影响的研究

1．221116　江苏省徐州市，江苏师范大学体育学院
2．571199　海南省海口市，海南医学院体育部
3．571199　海南省海口市，海南医学院海南省运动与健康促进重点实验室
4．571199　海南省海口市，海南医学院管理学院
5．430079　湖北省武汉市，武汉体育学院武术学院
6．430079　湖北省武汉市，武汉体育学院东北亚民族传统体育研究中心

通讯作者: 徐百超
作者简介:
作者贡献：王凯负责研究命题的提出、设计，负责论文起草；王朝昕负责研究过程的实施；苏健蛟运用统计学方法对数据进行加工、处理；徐百超负责最终版本修订，对论文整体负责。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(81960420); 江苏省社科基金项目(22TYB009); 江苏省教育科学"十四五"规划课题(T-b/2021/35); 海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(2019RC222); 海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2022SHFZ306)

Abstract

Abstract:

Background

At present, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of obese children and adolescents globally, among which the prevalence of obesity in children aged 5 to 19 years has increased by about 8 times, and the prevalence of obesity in children aged 2 to 4 years has increased by about 1 times. Exercise intervention has an important effect on improving obesity and enhancing cardiorespiratory fitness. However, studies on the effects of combined motion intervention on obese female adolescents aged 14-16 years have not been addressed.

Objective

To investigate the effects of 12-week combined motion intervention on body composition, cardiovascular risk factors and cardiopulmonary fitness in obese female adolescents.

Methods

From May to July 2022, 48 obese female adolescents aged 14 to 16 years old in Qufu City, Shandong Province were selected as research objects, numbered and divided into the experimental group (n=24) and control group (n=24) using random numbers. The experimental group finally included 20 female adolescents based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the whole intervention lasted for 12 weeks, including rope skipping intervention and taekwondo intervention; while the control group did not perform any exercise intervention and other dietary or pharmacological interventions throughout the 12 weeks. The indicators such as height, body mass, body fat rate (BFR) , waist circumference, BMI, blood pressure (BP) , fasting plasma glucose (FPG) , insulin, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2max) were detected before and after the 12-week combined motion intervention and compared between the two groups, as well as before and after the intervention. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation of BFR and waist circumference with VO_2max in obese female adolescents.

Results

Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in age, height, body mass, BFR, waist circumference, BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP) , diastolic blood pressure (DBP) , pulse pressure difference, FPG, insulin, HOMA-IR, maximal number of completions (Laps) , maximal aerobic speed (MAS) , and VO_2max between the two groups (P>0.05) . After 12-week combined motion intervention, BFR, waist circumference, SBP, DBP, FPG, insulin and HOMA-IR in the experimental group were lower than the control group, while Laps, MAS, VO_2max was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05) . Compared with pre-intervention, the BFR, waist circumference, SBP, DBP, FPG, insulin and HOMA-IR were decreased and Laps, MAS, VO_2max were increased after 12-week combined motion intervention (P<0.05) . The results of correlation analysis showed that body fat percentage and circumference were negatively correlated with VO_2max in obese female adolescents (r=-0.55, P<0.001; r=-0.41, P<0.001) .

Conclusion

The 12-week combined motion intervention can improve body composition and cardiovascular risk factors in obese female adolescents, and also enhance cardiopulmonary fitness by increasing VO_2max.

Key words: Obesity, Combined motion, Female adolescent, Body composition, Cardiovascular risk factors, Cardiopulmonary fitness

摘要：

背景

目前，全球范围内肥胖儿童青少年数量急剧增加，其中，5~19岁人群肥胖患病率约增加了8倍，2~4岁儿童肥胖患病率约增加了1倍。运动干预对于改善肥胖和增强心肺适能具有重要影响。但缺乏组合运动干预对14~16岁肥胖女青少年影响的研究。

目的

探讨12周组合运动干预对肥胖女青少年身体成分、心血管风险因素及心肺适能的影响。

方法

于2022年5—7月在山东曲阜市选取14~16岁肥胖女青少年48名作为研究对象，将48名研究对象进行编号，然后利用随机数字分为试验组（24名）和对照组（24名）。试验组根据纳排标准最后纳入20名女生，整个干预过程持续12周，包括跳绳运动干预和跆拳道运动干预；而对照组在整个12周中不进行任何运动干预和其他饮食或者药物干预。分别在12周运动干预前和运动干预后检测受试者身高、体质量、体脂率、腰围、BMI、血压、空腹血糖（FPG）、胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）及最大摄氧量（VO_2max）等，并比较两组及干预前后各指标的差异。采用Pearson相关性分析探讨肥胖女青少年体脂率、腰围与VO_2max的相关性。

结果

干预前，两组女生年龄、身高、体质量、体脂率、腰围、BMI、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、脉压、FPG、胰岛素、HOMA-IR、最大完成次数（Laps）、最大跑速（MAS）、VO_2max比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；12周运动干预后，试验组女生体脂率、腰围、SBP、DBP、FPG、胰岛素、HOMA-IR均低于对照组，而Laps、MAS、VO_2max高于对照组（P<0.05）；与干预前比较，12周运动干预后试验组女生体脂率、腰围、SBP、DBP、FPG、胰岛素、HOMA-IR均降低，而Laps、MAS、VO_2max升高（P<0.05）。相关性分析结果显示，肥胖女青少年体脂率、腰围与VO_2max呈负相关（r=-0.55，P<0.001；r=-0.41，P<0.001）。

结论

12周组合运动干预能够改善肥胖女青少年身体成分和心血管风险因素，同时也能够通过增加VO_2max来增强心肺适能。

关键词: 肥胖症, 组合运动, 女青少年, 身体成分, 心血管风险因素, 心肺适能

WANG Kai,XU Baichao,WANG Zhaoxin, et al. Effects of Combined Motion Intervention on Body Composition, Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cardiopulmonary Fitness of Obese Female Adolescents[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(09): 1109-1117. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0483.
王凯,徐百超,王朝昕等. 组合运动干预对肥胖女青少年身体成分、心血管风险因素及心肺适能影响的研究[J]. 中国全科医学, 2024, 27(09): 1109-1117. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0483.

Figures/Tables 7

References 46

[1]	FISHMAN B, SHLOMAI G, TWIG G，et al. Renal glucosuria is associated with lower body weight and lower rates of elevated systolic blood pressure：results of a nationwide cross-sectional study of 2.5 million adolescents[J]. Cardiovasc Diabetol，2019,18(1):124. DOI：10.1186/s12933-019-0929-7.
[2]	CHEW W F, LEONG P P, YAP S F，et al. Risk factors associated with abdominal obesity in suburban adolescents from a Malaysian district[J]. Singapore Med J，2018,59(1):104-111. DOI：10.11622/smedj.2017013.
[3]	GOLDSMITH J A, LAI R E, GARTEN R S，et al. Visceral adiposity，inflammation，and testosterone predict skeletal muscle mitochondrial mass and activity in chronic spinal cord injury[J]. Front Physiol，2022,13:809845. DOI：10.3389/fphys.2022.809845.
[4]	STEINER T, MAIER T, WEHRLIN J P. Effect of endurance training on hemoglobin mass and VO_2max in male adolescent athletes[J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc，2019,51(5):912-919. DOI：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001867.
[5]	MARTINS T O, RAMOS R C, POSSIDONIO G，et al. Feline obesity causes hematological and biochemical changes and oxidative stress - a pilot study[J]. Vet Res Commun，2023,47(1):167-177. DOI：10.1007/s11259-022-09940-5.
[6]	MOSZAK M, ZAWADA A, JUCHACZ A，et al. Comparison of the effect of rapeseed oil or amaranth seed oil supplementation on weight loss，body composition，and changes in the metabolic profile of obese patients following 3-week body mass reduction program：a randomized clinical trial[J]. Lipids Health Dis，2020,19(1):143. DOI：10.1186/s12944-020-01330-7.
[7]	LUCAS J A, MOONIE S, HOGAN M B，et al. Efficacy of an exercise intervention among children with comorbid asthma and obesity[J]. Public Health，2018,159:123-128. DOI：10.1016/j.puhe.2018.02.014.
[8]	ONIS M D, ONYANGO A W, BORGHI E，et al. Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents[J]. Bull World Health Organ，2007,85(9):660-667. DOI：10.2471/blt.07.043497.
[9]	张艺宏，徐峻华，何本祥. 运动机能评定理论与方法[M]. 北京：科学出版社，2018.
[10]	CORDELLAT A, PADILLA B, GRATTAROLA P，et al. Multicomponent exercise training combined with nutritional counselling improves physical function，biochemical and anthropometric profiles in obese children：a pilot study[J]. Nutrients，2020,12(9):2723. DOI：10.3390/nu12092723.
[11]	KIM J, SON W M, HEADID III R J，et al. The effects of a 12-week jump rope exercise program on body composition，insulin sensitivity，and academic self-efficacy in obese adolescent girls[J]. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab，2020,33(1):129-137. DOI：10.1515/jpem-2019-0327.
[12]	ROH H T, CHO S Y, SO W Y. Effects of regular taekwondo intervention on oxidative stress biomarkers and myokines in overweight and obese adolescents[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health，2020,17(7):2505. DOI：10.3390/ijerph17072505.
[13]	RANI V, MARÓTI G. Light-dependent nitrate removal capacity of green microalgae[J]. Int J Mol Sci，2022,24(1):77. DOI：10.3390/ijms24010077.
[14]	LÉGER L A, LAMBERT J. A maximal multistage 20-m shuttle Run test to predict VO₂ max[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol，1982,49(1):1-12. DOI：10.1007/BF00428958.
[15]	GOH L G, DHALIWAL S S, WELBORN T A，et al. Anthropometric measurements of general and central obesity and the prediction of cardiovascular disease risk in women：a cross-sectional study[J]. BMJ Open，2014,4(2):e004138. DOI：10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004138.
[16]	NAKHLEH A, SAKHNINI R, FURMAN E，et al. Cardiometabolic risk factors among children and adolescents with overweight and Class 1 obesity：a cross-sectional study. Insights from stratification of Class 1 obesity[J]. Front Endocrinol，2023,14:1108618. DOI：10.3389/fendo.2023.1108618.
[17]	REINEHR T, TITTEL S R, HOLLE R，et al. Comparison of cardiovascular risk factors between children and adolescents with classes III and IV obesity：findings from the APV cohort[J]. Int J Obes，2021,45(5):1061-1073. DOI：10.1038/s41366-021-00773-x.
[18]	REINEHR T. Inflammatory markers in children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. Clin Chim Acta，2019,496:100-107. DOI：10.1016/j.cca.2019.07.006.
[19]	CESARE M D, SORIĆ M, BOVET P，et al. The epidemiological burden of obesity in childhood：a worldwide epidemic requiring urgent action[J]. BMC Med，2019,17(1):212. DOI：10.1186/s12916-019-1449-8.
[20]	JAGADESAN S, HARISH R, MIRANDA P，et al. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children and adolescents in Chennai[J]. Indian Pediatr，2014,51(7):544-549. DOI：10.1007/s13312-014-0444-6.
[21]	SHALIMAR, ELHENCE A, BANSAL B，et al. Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in India：a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. J Clin Exp Hepatol，2022,12(3):818-829. DOI：10.1016/j.jceh.2021.11.010.
[22]	GOMULA A, NOWAK-SZCZEPANSKA N, CHAKRABORTY R，et al. Relative body fat distribution in preadolescent Indian children exposed to a natural disaster during early development[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health，2022,19(11):6356. DOI：10.3390/ijerph19116356.
[23]	THAJER A, SKACEL G, TRUSCHNER K，et al. Comparison of bioelectrical impedance-based methods on body composition in young patients with obesity[J]. Children，2021,8(4):295. DOI：10.3390/children8040295.
[24]	WÓJCIK M, GONCERZ D, PIASNY M，et al. Obesity in adolescents may be associated with limitations in daily activities and an increased level of anxiety in patients and their parents - preliminary results of a pilot study[J]. Front Endocrinol，2022,13:1007765. DOI：10.3389/fendo.2022.1007765.
[25]	REILLY J J, KELLY J. Long-term impact of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence on morbidity and premature mortality in adulthood：systematic review[J]. Int J Obes（Lond），2011,35(7):891-898. DOI：10.1038/ijo.2010.222.
[26]	MONDAL P K, FOYSAL K H, NORMAN B A，et al. Predicting childhood obesity based on single and multiple well-child visit data using machine learning classifiers[J]. Sensors，2023,23(2):759. DOI：10.3390/s23020759.
[27]	KUMARI S, SHUKLA S, ACHARYA S. Childhood obesity：prevalence and prevention in modern society[J]. Cureus，2022,14(11):e31640. DOI：10.7759/cureus.31640.
[28]	VIZZUSO S, DEL TORTO A, DILILLO D，et al. Visceral adiposity index（VAI）in children and adolescents with obesity：No association with daily energy intake but promising tool to identify metabolic syndrome（MetS）[J]. Nutrients，2021,13(2):413. DOI：10.3390/nu13020413.
[29]	GARCÍA-HERMOSO A, RAMÍREZ-VÉLEZ R, GARCÍA-ALONSO Y，et al. Association of cardiorespiratory fitness levels during youth with health risk later in life：a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. JAMA Pediatr，2020,174(10):952-960. DOI：10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.2400.
[30]	PONIRAKIS G, ABDUL-GHANI M A, JAYYOUSI A，et al. Insulin resistance limits corneal nerve regeneration in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing intensive glycemic control[J]. J Diabetes Investig，2021,12(11):2002-2009. DOI：10.1111/jdi.13582.
[31]	VALAIYAPATHI B, GOWER B, ASHRAF A P. Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents[J]. Curr Diabetes Rev，2020,16(3):220-229. DOI：10.2174/1573399814666180608074510.
[32]	DEFRONZO R A. Banting Lecture. From the triumvirate to the ominous octet：a new paradigm for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. Diabetes，2009,58(4):773-795. DOI：10.2337/db09-9028.
[33]	AL-BELTAGI M, BEDIWY A S, SAEED N K. Insulin-resistance in paediatric age：its magnitude and implications[J]. World J Diabetes，2022,13(4):282-307. DOI：10.4239/wjd.v13.i4.282.
[34]	SHAWAR R S, PUYAU M, SHYPAILO R，et al. Adiposity，insulin resistance，cardiorespiratory fitness，and bone health in hispanic children[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab，2022,107(9):e3797-3804. DOI：10.1210/clinem/dgac344.
[35]	SON W M, SUNG K D, BHARATH L P，et al. Combined exercise training reduces blood pressure，arterial stiffness，and insulin resistance in obese prehypertensive adolescent girls[J]. Clin Exp Hypertens，2017,39(6):546-552. DOI：10.1080/10641963.2017.1288742.
[36]	SUNG K D, PEKAS E J, SCOTT S D，et al. The effects of a 12-week jump rope exercise program on abdominal adiposity，vasoactive substances，inflammation，and vascular function in adolescent girls with prehypertension[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol，2019,119(2):577-585. DOI：10.1007/s00421-018-4051-4.
[37]	GETHER L, THYSSEN J P, GYLDENLØVE M，et al. Normal insulin sensitivity，glucose tolerance，gut incretin and pancreatic hormone responses in adults with atopic dermatitis[J]. Diabetes Obes Metab，2020,22(11):2161-2169. DOI：10.1111/dom.14146.
[38]	YILMAZBAŞ P, HAŞLAK G V, DURSUN H. The relationship between body fat ratio and blood pressure in school-age children[J]. J Hum Hypertens，2020,34(12):826-832. DOI：10.1038/s41371-020-00401-7.
[39]	ROBINSON C H, CHANCHLANI R. High blood pressure in children and adolescents：current perspectives and strategies to improve future kidney and cardiovascular health[J]. Kidney Int Rep，2022,7(5):954-970. DOI：10.1016/j.ekir.2022.02.018.
[40]	YANG Q, WANG K, TIAN Q Q，et al. Effect of diet and exercise-induced weight loss among metabolically healthy and metabolically unhealthy obese children and adolescents[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health，2022,19(10):6120. DOI：10.3390/ijerph19106120.
[41]	ZHANG X Y, SOUFI S, DORMUTH C，et al. Time course for blood pressure lowering of beta-blockers with partial agonist activity[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev，2020,9(9):CD010054. DOI：10.1002/14651858.CD010054.pub2.
[42]	LEITÃO L, MAROCOLO M, SOUZA H L R，et al. Can exercise help regulate blood pressure and improve functional capacity of older women with hypertension against the deleterious effects of physical inactivity?[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health，2021,18(17):9117. DOI：10.3390/ijerph18179117.
[43]	LONA G, HAUSER C, KÖCHLI S，et al. Association of blood pressure，obesity and physical activity with arterial stiffness in children：a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Pediatr Res，2022,91(3):502-512. DOI：10.1038/s41390-020-01278-5.
[44]	MARTÍN-MATILLAS M, ROCHA-SILVA D, PLAZA-FLORIDO A，et al. Determinants of longitudinal changes in cardiometabolic risk in adolescents with overweight/obesity：the EVASYON study[J]. Nutrients，2022,14(15):3241. DOI：10.3390/nu14153241.
[45]	SMOUTER L, SMOLAREK A C, SOUZA W C，et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness associated to teenagers' fat：VO_2max cutoff point[J]. Rev Paul Pediatr，2019,37(1):73-81. DOI：10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;1;00017.
[46]	CAO M, TANG Y C, LI S，et al. Effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obesity children and adolescents：a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health，2021,18(22):11905. DOI：10.3390/ijerph182211905.

组别	人数	年龄（岁）	身高（cm）	体质量（kg）
对照组	24	15.0±0.8	153.48 ± 4.34	68.78 ± 1.57
试验组	20	14.8±0.8	153.40± 5.17	69.05 ± 1.85
t值		0.670	0.054	-0.514
P值		0.509	0.957	0.610

组别	人数	年龄（岁）	身高（cm）	体质量（kg）
对照组	24	15.0±0.8	153.48 ± 4.34	68.78 ± 1.57
试验组	20	14.8±0.8	153.40± 5.17	69.05 ± 1.85
t值		0.670	0.054	-0.514
P值		0.509	0.957	0.610

组别	人数	BFR（%）				WC（cm）				BMI（kg/m²）
组别	人数	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值
对照组	24	34.07±0.85	34.16±0.72	-1.325	0.164	87.0±1.0	87.0±1.8	-1.269	0.208	29.0±1.3	29.3±1.8	-1.481	0.153
试验组	20	33.24±0.26	30.52±1.01	13.377	<0.001	87.0±0.9	85.1±0.8	6.275	<0.001	29.0±1.1	28.8±2.1	0.467	0.646
t值		2.160	14.904			-1.956	9.462			0.039	0.056
P值		0.150	<0.001			0.118	<0.001			0.970	0.842

组别	人数	BFR（%）				WC（cm）				BMI（kg/m²）
组别	人数	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值
对照组	24	34.07±0.85	34.16±0.72	-1.325	0.164	87.0±1.0	87.0±1.8	-1.269	0.208	29.0±1.3	29.3±1.8	-1.481	0.153
试验组	20	33.24±0.26	30.52±1.01	13.377	<0.001	87.0±0.9	85.1±0.8	6.275	<0.001	29.0±1.1	28.8±2.1	0.467	0.646
t值		2.160	14.904			-1.956	9.462			0.039	0.056
P值		0.150	<0.001			0.118	<0.001			0.970	0.842

组别	人数	SBP				DBP				PP
组别	人数	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值
对照组	24	132±3	132±3	-1.106	0.312	82±1	82±1	-1.40	0.890	50±4	50±3	-1.031	0.142
试验组	20	133±3	127±1	7.651	<0.001	82±1	81±1	4.053	0.001	51±3	46±1	6.795	<0.001
t值		-7.430	9.179			0.807	4.953			-0.923	1.893
P值		0.462	<0.001			0.424	<0.001			0.361	0.065

Effects of Combined Motion Intervention on Body Composition, Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cardiopulmonary Fitness of Obese Female Adolescents

组合运动干预对肥胖女青少年身体成分、心血管风险因素及心肺适能影响的研究

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 7

References 46

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	ZHANG Peng, LIU Lidi, ZHANG Ying, YANG Ziyu, LIU Changming, TANG Yijun, LIAO Xiaoyang, JIA Yu. Interpretation and Clinical Implications of the 2024 Italian Guidelines for the Management of Adult Individuals with Overweight and Obesity and Metabolic Comorbidities That are Resistant to Behavioral Treatment [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(30): 3747-3752.
[2]	LU Donglei, YANG Fengying, FENG Zhanpeng, CAO Liquan, TAN Sijie. Conccurent Training Can Improve the Physical Health in Diabesity Individuals: a Meta-analysis [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(27): 3410-3421.
[3]	QUAN Jialin, ZHU Lin, SU Yu, CHEN Zekai, CHEN Ziqi, ZHANG Zhuofan. Research on the Improvement Effect of Exercise Modes on the Executive Function of Overweight or Obese Children or Adolescents: a Network Meta-analysis [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(27): 3422-3431.
[4]	ZHANG Yunuo, LI Ruibin, WANG Wei. Correlation Analysis of Serum Nesfatin-1 and Ghrelin Levels with Glycolipid Metabolism and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(26): 3264-3270.
[5]	XIANG Xinyue, ZHANG Bingqing, OUYANG Yuqin, TANG Wenjuan, FENG Wenhuan. Impact of Short-term Medical Weight Loss on Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Patients with Obesity [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(26): 3229-3239.
[6]	WEI Yunhong, YANG Li, WANG Yulu, YE Qiufang, DAI Anni, HE Yan. Study on Cardiopulmonary Function During Different Exercise Stages in Patients with Obesity-related Hypertension [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(24): 2972-2978.
[7]	SHI Xiaotian, WANG Shan, YANG Huayu, YANG Yifan, LI Xu, MA Qing. Association between Body Mass Index and Mortality among Older Chinese: a Cohort Study [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(22): 2791-2797.
[8]	YANG Fei, HAN Zheng, FU Xiaoya, GU Handong, GU Keyi, WANG Weiqiang. Correlation between Body Roundness Index and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities in Normal Body Weight Population: the Mediating Role of the Triacylglycerol Glucose Product Index [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(22): 2798-2805.
[9]	WANG Shuang, WU Shufa, LING Yao, TAN Xiwei, CAO Rudai, ZENG Huiting, KONG Danli, DING Yuanlin, YU Haibing. Metabolomics Based Mediating Role of Non-lipid Metabolites in the Relationship between Obesity and Diabetic Retinopathy: a Mendelian Randomization Study [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(21): 2625-2634.
[10]	LIANG Hengmiao, HUANG Sizhe, CHEN Yuting, LIU Ce, WANG Huijun, DU Qingfeng. A Retrospective Analysis of the Association between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Insulin Resistance Degrees in Individuals Undergoing Health Examination [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(21): 2635-2642.
[11]	JIN Yan, YANG Yang, WANG Lulu, ZHENG Qingwan, LI Xinyan, ZHANG Ning. Effects of Exercise Training after Bariatric Surgery on Cardiopulmonary Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: a Randomized Controlled Trial [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(21): 2611-2617.
[12]	LI Chunxian, LIU Annuo. Study on the Effect and Predictive Value of Obesity and Lipid-related Indices on Metabolic Syndrome in Adults [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(21): 2595-2603.
[13]	PAN Yaojia, FU Fanglin, HAN Zheng, SUN Meng, GU Huaicong, WANG Weiqiang. Correlation of the Type of Obesity with the Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity: a Study in Male and Female Middle-aged Residents in Anhui Province [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(18): 2285-2293.
[14]	QIN Yuling, ZHU Lin, CHENG Guodong, XIE Weijun. Correlation between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Lipid Metabolic Flexibility in Obese Adolescents with Different Metabolic Phenotypes [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(15): 1908-1913.
[15]	WANG Xinyu, ZHANG Jiaming, GUO Zeyuan, WU Yuting, SUN Xiaofang. Analysis of Influencing Factors of Pastoral Dietary Behaviors among Metabolically Healthy Obese Patients: a Qualitative Study [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2025, 28(12): 1453-1458.

组别	人数	FPG（μU/mL）				胰岛素（mg/dL）				HOMA-IR
组别	人数	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值
对照组	24	89.07±2.87	88.87±6.29	0.282	0.781	14.79±1.31	14.58±1.08	1.351	0.190	3.25±0.31	3.20±0.33	1.181	0.250
试验组	20	90.24±0.79	87.58±1.27	8.367	<0.001	13.54±0.84	9.82±0.89	12.898	<0.001	3.02±0.19	2.12±0.20	14.271	<0.001
t值		-1.758	9.326			2.166	15.641			0.896	12.828
P值		0.086	<0.001			0.160	<0.001			0.372	<0.001

组别	人数	FPG（μU/mL）				胰岛素（mg/dL）				HOMA-IR
组别	人数	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值
对照组	24	89.07±2.87	88.87±6.29	0.282	0.781	14.79±1.31	14.58±1.08	1.351	0.190	3.25±0.31	3.20±0.33	1.181	0.250
试验组	20	90.24±0.79	87.58±1.27	8.367	<0.001	13.54±0.84	9.82±0.89	12.898	<0.001	3.02±0.19	2.12±0.20	14.271	<0.001
t值		-1.758	9.326			2.166	15.641			0.896	12.828
P值		0.086	<0.001			0.160	<0.001			0.372	<0.001

组别	人数	Laps（次）				MAS（km/h）				VO_2max（mL·kg^-1·min^-1）
组别	人数	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值
对照组	24	25.00±0.97	24.67±1.08	1.261	0.231	9.52±0.12	9.55±0.14	-1.239	0.228	37.03±1.09	37.14±0.77	-0.684	0.501
试验组	20	21.90±1.16	28.04±0.65	-23.915	<0.001	9.56±0.69	9.87±0.49	-21.430	<0.001	36.88±0.67	39.00±0.44	-11.832	<0.001
t值		0.843	-12.153			-1.111	-9.519			0.520	-9.660
P值		0.386	<0.001			0.273	<0.001			0.606	<0.001

组别	人数	Laps（次）				MAS（km/h）				VO_2max（mL·kg^-1·min^-1）
组别	人数	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值	干预前	干预后	t_配对值	P值
对照组	24	25.00±0.97	24.67±1.08	1.261	0.231	9.52±0.12	9.55±0.14	-1.239	0.228	37.03±1.09	37.14±0.77	-0.684	0.501
试验组	20	21.90±1.16	28.04±0.65	-23.915	<0.001	9.56±0.69	9.87±0.49	-21.430	<0.001	36.88±0.67	39.00±0.44	-11.832	<0.001
t值		0.843	-12.153			-1.111	-9.519			0.520	-9.660
P值		0.386	<0.001			0.273	<0.001			0.606	<0.001