Abstract:

Hypertension in young and middle-aged populations has a prevalence of approximately 20% according to relevant epidemiological reports, and is increasing in the light of the annual update, which is probably related to sympathetic excitation induced by stressful workloads and nervousness, and mainly characterized by elevated diastolic hypertension. There is an evident correlation between hypertension and long-term risk of coronary heart disease or stroke in the populations, but the long-term risk for cardiovascular events and mortality could be significantly reduced by active and appropriate antihypertensive treatment. β-blockers are medications that reduce blood pressure via inhibiting sympathetic activity, which are more suitable for young and middle-aged people primarily with diastolic hypertension. We did a review of the latest advances in epidemiology and pathogenesis of hypertension and major antihypertensive efficacies of β-blockers as well as precautions during the use of β-blockers in young and middle-aged populations, providing clinicians with evidence on treating the disease.

Key words: Hypertension, Antihypertensive agents, Adrenergic beta-antagonists, Young and middle-age, β-blockers, Review

摘要：

流行病学数据显示，中青年高血压的患病率约为20%，并逐年上升。这可能与中青年人群工作压力大、精神紧张导致的交感神经兴奋有关，主要表现为以舒张压升高为主。中青年高血压与慢性冠心病或脑卒中明显相关，积极治疗可明显降低患者的长期心血管疾病发生率和死亡风险。β受体阻滞剂通过抑制交感神经活性降低血压，更适用于舒张压升高为主的中青年高血压患病人群。本文通过回顾文献分析了中青年高血压的流行病学数据、潜在机制及临床意义，探讨了β受体阻滞剂在中青年高血压患者管理中的主要作用及应用要点，为临床医生治疗中青年高血压提供参考。

关键词: 高血压, 抗高血压药, 肾上腺素能β受体拮抗剂, 中青年, β受体阻滞剂, 综述