Functional constipation (FC) is highly prevalent with complex associated factors in children, posing great health risk to the affected children. So far, the results of studies on the prevalence of FC and its influencing factors vary widely, and those focusing on FC in urban children in China are relatively few.

The purpose was to investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of FC in children in urban communities, so as to provide data support for establishing a database of FC in children in the community and for carrying out standardized, multidisciplinary and continuous management of FC in children in the community.

Children aged 6 to 48 months who were registered as recipients of health services delivered by Yuetan Community Health Center, Beijing were selected from the Beijing Maternal and Child Healthcare Information System (Phase 2) during the period from April to July 2021. A questionnaire designed by our research group was used to survey the primary guardians of the included children, focusing on questions related to defecation habits prepared according to the RomeⅣ criteria for FC in the Childhood Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Neonate/Toddler issued in 2016, and factors possibly influencing FC including history of allergies, family history of constipation, mode of delivery, feeding practices, appetite, eating habits, daily water intake, frequency of physical activity, and family parenting practices. In total, 1 458 guardians attended the survey, and children of the 1 264 (86.69%) guardians who handed in responsive questionnaires were finally included for analysis.

The overall prevalence of FC was 9.89% (125/1 264) . Specifically, the prevalence of FC in age groups of 6 to 12, 13 to 36, and 37 to 48 months was 10.39% (16/154) , 8.75% (69/789) , and 12.46% (40/321) , respectively, demonstrating no significant difference in FC prevalence by age group (P>0.05) . The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that allergy history and feeding practices were influential factors for FC in 6-12-month-old children (P<0.05) , allergy history, feeding practices and parenting style were influential factors for FC in 13-36-month-old children (P<0.05) , and allergy history and parenting style were influential factors for FC in 37-48-month-old children (P<0.05) .

The prevalence of FC in 6-48-month-old children in urban communities is high, which is associated with multiple preventable and controllable factors, suggesting that the prevention of FC in this age group of children should be carried out in accordance with individual factors, family relationship, and social environment.

功能性便秘（FC）在儿童中的患病率较高，影响因素复杂，对患儿健康危害较大。目前，国内外关于FC患病率及其影响因素的研究结果差异较大，而针对我国城市儿童FC的研究相对较少。

探讨城市社区儿童的FC患病率及影响因素，为建立社区儿童FC数据库并在社区开展儿童FC规范化、多学科、连续性管理提供数据支持。

于2021年4—7月，以北京市月坛社区为调查现场，从"北京市妇幼保健二期信息系统"中调取辖区内登记在册的6~48月龄儿童为研究对象。采用课题组自行设计的问卷对纳入儿童的主要监护人进行调查，内容包括：根据2016年颁布的儿童功能性胃肠病罗马Ⅳ标准FC部分编制的排便习惯相关问题，以及过敏史、家族史、分娩方式、出生6个月内喂养方式、食欲、饮食习惯、饮水量、体育活动频率、家庭育儿方式等FC的可能影响因素。共发放问卷1 458份，回收有效问卷1 264份，问卷有效回收率为86.69%。

6~48月龄儿童的FC患病率为9.89%（125/1 264），6~12、13~36、37~48月龄儿童的FC患病率分别为10.39%（16/154）、8.75%（69/789）、12.46%（40/321），不同月龄儿童的FC患病率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，过敏史、出生6个月内喂养方式是6~12月龄儿童患FC的影响因素（P<0.05），过敏史、出生6个月内喂养方式、家庭育儿方式是13~36月龄儿童患FC的影响因素（P<0.05），过敏史、家庭育儿方式是37~48月龄儿童患FC的影响因素（P<0.05）。

城市社区儿童的FC患病率较高，多种可防可控的因素和儿童FC相关，提示医务工作者要从儿童个人、家庭关系、社会环境多方面着手预防FC。