The Dilemma of Breast Cancer in Males and Research Progress

doi:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.084

Abstract

Abstract: Breast cancer in men （BCM） is rare and accounts for appropriately 1% of breast cancer（BC）．Compared with breast cancer in women （BCW） BCM is often neglected by clinicians because of its low incidence.Men patients are routinely excluded in most clinical trials of breast cancer treatments，resulting in the dilemma where no clinical guideline could be used to the diagnosis and treatment of BCM.What's more，influenced by Chinese cultural issues，patients with BCM are not willing to talk about breast cancer with their clinicians and it will surely affect the prognosis of BCM.Thus，this study is performed to report updated information about epidemiological characteristics and potential risk factors，clinical manifestations and assessment，pathological features，prognostic factors，treatment and detection，follow-up and prospects after treatment by searching literatures，providing physicians some suggestions and research direction of BCM treatment.

Key words: Breast neoplasms, Male, Diagnosis, Therapy

摘要： 男性乳腺癌（BCM）属于罕见疾病，约占所有乳腺癌（BC）诊断病例的1%。相对于女性乳腺癌（BCW），BCM由于其发病率低的缘故而常被临床医生所忽视，过去绝大多数针对BC的临床试验也通常将男性患者排除在外，从而导致BCM的诊断和治疗陷入了无临床指南可用的现实困境。此外，受到中国文化因素的影响，BCM患者通常不会主动跟医生提及BC相关的临床信息，从而很大程度上影响患者的预后。因此，本文通过文献的搜索，对BCM的流行病学特征及潜在风险因素、临床表现与评估、病理特征、预后影响因素、治疗及检测、治疗后的随访及展望进行了详细的介绍，为临床工作者更好地了解以及治疗BCM提供一些建议和研究方向。

关键词: 乳腺肿瘤, 男性, 诊断, 治疗

YE Zengjie,LIANG Muzi. The Dilemma of Breast Cancer in Males and Research Progress　[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2019, 22(26): 3260-3264. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.084.
叶增杰,梁木子. 男性乳腺癌诊治的现实困境及研究进展[J]. 中国全科医学, 2019, 22(26): 3260-3264. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.084.

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