Chinese General Practice ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (33): 4885-4890.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2026.0039

• Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Adverse Drug Reactions in Patients with High-risk Pregnancy

  

  1. Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315012, China
  • Received:2026-01-03 Revised:2026-04-29 Published:2026-11-20 Online:2026-10-21
  • Contact: SHEN Longhui

高危妊娠患者药品不良反应的临床特征及影响因素研究

  

  1. 315012 浙江省宁波市,宁波大学附属妇女儿童医院药剂科
  • 通讯作者: 沈珑慧
  • 作者简介:

    作者贡献:

    李珊珊负责概念构思,研究方法,软件应用,数据整理,文章撰写;苗彩云负责调查研究、审阅与编辑;毛佩芝负责监督指导;沈珑慧负责文章审校、经费获取,对文章整体负责。

  • 基金资助:
    浙江省药学会基层医院合理用药专项(2025JCYY04); 宁波市妇科疾病临床医学研究中心(2024L002)

Abstract:

Background

Patients with high-risk pregnancy often have multiple complications, and drug safety in this special physiological state has attracted increasing attention. At present, studies on the clinical characteristics and risk factors of adverse drug reactions (ADR) in this population remain limited, and evidence for targeted medication risk assessment is lacking.

Objective

To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of ADR in hospitalized patients with high-risk pregnancy, and to provide a reference for safe medication use.

Methods

Clinical data from 402 hospitalized patients with high-risk pregnancy admitted to Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University from January 2024 to May 2025 were retrospectively collected. Suspected ADR were assessed using the Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale. Patients were divided into an ADR group and a non-ADR group according to the occurrence of ADR. The clinical characteristics of ADR were analyzed, and multivariate Logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with ADR occurrence in patients with high-risk pregnancy.

Results

A total of 53 patients experienced ADR, with an incidence of 13.18%. The severity of ADR was mainly mild (50.94%, 27/53) and moderate (49.06%, 26/53). ADR involved 11 suspected drugs, mainly drugs for the reproductive system, endocrine system, and anti-infective agents. The main drugs causing ADR were ritodrine hydrochloride injection (72.22%, 13/18), magnesium sulfate injection (47.06%, 24/51), and human insulin injection (19.05%, 4/21). Clinical manifestations of ADR included chest tightness, tachycardia, and nausea, and mainly led to systemic diseases and various administration site reactions, gastrointestinal diseases, and cardiac disorders. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that longer hospitalization duration (OR=1.085, 95%CI=1.020-1.156) and a greater number of prescriptions (OR=1.177, 95%CI=1.027-1.349) were independent risk factors for ADR in hospitalized patients with high-risk pregnancy (P<0.05), whereas higher gestational age (OR=0.906, 95%CI=0.854-0.962) was a protective factor for ADR occurrence in patients with high-risk pregnancy (P<0.05).

Conclusion

The incidence of ADR in patients with high-risk pregnancy was 13.18%, and most cases were mild to moderate. The main implicated drugs were ritodrine hydrochloride injection, magnesium sulfate injection, and human insulin injection. Hospitalization duration, gestational age, and number of prescriptions were factors associated with ADR occurrence in this population. In clinical medication management, targeted strategies for safe drug use can be implemented according to these factors to improve medication safety.

Key words: High-risk pregnancy, Adverse drug reactions, Clinical characteristics, Root cause analysis

摘要:

背景

高危妊娠患者常合并多种并发症,其特殊生理状态下的药物安全性备受关注。目前针对该人群药品不良反应(ADR)的临床特征及影响因素研究有限,缺乏有针对性的用药风险评估依据。

目的

分析住院高危妊娠患者ADR的临床特征及影响因素,为安全用药提供参考。

方法

回顾性收集2024年1月—2025年5月宁波大学附属妇女儿童医院收治的402例高危妊娠患者的临床资料,根据诺氏药物不良反应评估量表对可疑ADR进行评定,按照ADR发生情况分为ADR组和非ADR组,分析ADR发生的临床特征,并采用多因素Logistic回归探讨高危妊娠患者发生ADR的影响因素。

结果

共53例患者发生ADR,发生率为13.18%,ADR严重程度以轻度(50.94%,27/53)和中度(49.06%,26/53)为主。ADR涉及11个怀疑药品,主要为生殖系统药物、内分泌系统药物及抗感染药物。主要致ADR药物为盐酸利托君注射液(72.22%,13/18)、硫酸镁注射液(47.06%,24/51)和人胰岛素注射液(19.05%,4/21)。ADR临床表现为胸闷、心动过速、恶心等,主要导致全身性疾病及各种给药部位反应、胃肠系统疾病及心脏器官疾病等。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,住院时间长(OR=1.085,95%CI=1.020~1.156)、处方数量多(OR=1.177,95%CI=1.027~1.349)为住院高危妊娠患者发生ADR的独立危险因素(P<0.05),高胎龄(OR=0.906,95%CI=0.854~0.962)是高危妊娠患者发生ADR的保护因素(P<0.05)。

结论

高危妊娠患者ADR发生率为13.18%,以轻、中度为主;主要涉及药物为盐酸利托君注射液、硫酸镁注射液和人胰岛素注射液。住院时间、胎龄及处方数量,是诱发该类人群发生ADR的影响因素。临床用药管理中可根据影响因素,采取针对性的安全用药策略,以提升用药安全水平。

关键词: 高危妊娠, 药品不良反应, 临床特征, 影响因素分析

CLC Number: