
Chinese General Practice ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (21): 2975-2981.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0022
• Article • Previous Articles
Received:2025-02-06
Revised:2025-03-11
Published:2026-07-20
Online:2026-06-03
Contact:
WANG Yanxia
通讯作者:
王燕侠
作者简介:作者贡献:
周小娅负责数据收集、整理和论文撰写;王卫凯负责数据整理和协助编辑和修改;刘倩负责协助进行统计学分析;李建华负责单核苷酸多态性分析;孙波负责思路指导;王燕侠负责项目管理、提供资源,对文章监督管理和审查。
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URL: https://www.chinagp.net/EN/10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0022
| 项目 | 病例组(n=235) | 对照组(n=235) | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 年龄 | 23.891 | <0.001 | ||
| <25岁 | 80(34.0) | 113(48.1) | ||
| 25~30岁 | 10(4.3) | 12(5.1) | ||
| >30~35岁 | 107(45.5) | 101(43.0) | ||
| >35岁 | 38(16.2) | 9(3.8) | ||
| 民族 | 2.407 | 0.492 | ||
| 汉族 | 212(90.2) | 213(90.6) | ||
| 回族 | 13(5.5) | 9(3.8) | ||
| 藏族 | 3(1.3) | 7(3.0) | ||
| 其他 | 7(3.0) | 6(2.6) | ||
| 居住地 | 1.054 | 0.590 | ||
| 城市 | 177(75.3) | 181(77.0) | ||
| 郊区 | 6(2.6) | 3(1.3) | ||
| 农村 | 52(22.1) | 51(21.7) | ||
| 居住性质 | 0.354 | 0.552 | ||
| 常住人口 | 223(94.9) | 220(93.6) | ||
| 流动人口 | 12(5.1) | 15(6.4) | ||
| 家庭人口数 | 11.772 | 0.301 | ||
| ≤2个 | 66(28.1) | 60(25.6) | ||
| 3~5个 | 156(66.4) | 165(70.2) | ||
| ≥6个 | 13(5.5) | 10(4.3) | ||
| 文化程度 | 8.731 | 0.033 | ||
| 硕士及以上 | 13(5.5) | 18(7.7) | ||
| 本科 | 155(66.0) | 176(74.9) | ||
| 高中 | 32(13.6) | 22(9.4) | ||
| 初中及以下 | 32(14.9) | 19(8.1) | ||
| 家庭月收入 | 4.686 | 0.196 | ||
| <3 000元 | 61(26.0) | 44(18.7) | ||
| 3 000~<8 000元 | 129(54.9) | 141(60.0) | ||
| 8 000~<15 000元 | 36(15.3) | 44(18.7) | ||
| ≥15 000元 | 9(3.8) | 6(2.6) | ||
| 生育情况 | 1.957 | 0.376 | ||
| 初产妇 | 153(65.1) | 167(71.0) | ||
| 经产妇 | 82(34.9) | 68(29.0) | ||
| 被动吸烟 | 0.519 | 0.915 | ||
| 从不/偶尔 | 207(88.1) | 204(86.8) | ||
| 经常/总是 | 28(11.9) | 31(13.2) | ||
| 饮食规律 | 7.290 | 0.026 | ||
| 基本规律 | 201(85.5) | 219(93.2) | ||
| 不规律 | 34(14.5) | 16(6.8) | ||
| 运动量 | 8.117 | 0.004 | ||
| 经常运动 | 226(96.2) | 210(89.4) | ||
| 几乎不活动 | 9(3.8) | 25(10.6) | ||
| 抑郁焦虑筛查 | 0.813 | 0.367 | ||
| 阳性 | 54(23.0) | 46(19.6) | ||
| 阴性 | 181(77.0) | 189(80.4) | ||
Table 1 Comparison of general conditions between the case group and the control group
| 项目 | 病例组(n=235) | 对照组(n=235) | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 年龄 | 23.891 | <0.001 | ||
| <25岁 | 80(34.0) | 113(48.1) | ||
| 25~30岁 | 10(4.3) | 12(5.1) | ||
| >30~35岁 | 107(45.5) | 101(43.0) | ||
| >35岁 | 38(16.2) | 9(3.8) | ||
| 民族 | 2.407 | 0.492 | ||
| 汉族 | 212(90.2) | 213(90.6) | ||
| 回族 | 13(5.5) | 9(3.8) | ||
| 藏族 | 3(1.3) | 7(3.0) | ||
| 其他 | 7(3.0) | 6(2.6) | ||
| 居住地 | 1.054 | 0.590 | ||
| 城市 | 177(75.3) | 181(77.0) | ||
| 郊区 | 6(2.6) | 3(1.3) | ||
| 农村 | 52(22.1) | 51(21.7) | ||
| 居住性质 | 0.354 | 0.552 | ||
| 常住人口 | 223(94.9) | 220(93.6) | ||
| 流动人口 | 12(5.1) | 15(6.4) | ||
| 家庭人口数 | 11.772 | 0.301 | ||
| ≤2个 | 66(28.1) | 60(25.6) | ||
| 3~5个 | 156(66.4) | 165(70.2) | ||
| ≥6个 | 13(5.5) | 10(4.3) | ||
| 文化程度 | 8.731 | 0.033 | ||
| 硕士及以上 | 13(5.5) | 18(7.7) | ||
| 本科 | 155(66.0) | 176(74.9) | ||
| 高中 | 32(13.6) | 22(9.4) | ||
| 初中及以下 | 32(14.9) | 19(8.1) | ||
| 家庭月收入 | 4.686 | 0.196 | ||
| <3 000元 | 61(26.0) | 44(18.7) | ||
| 3 000~<8 000元 | 129(54.9) | 141(60.0) | ||
| 8 000~<15 000元 | 36(15.3) | 44(18.7) | ||
| ≥15 000元 | 9(3.8) | 6(2.6) | ||
| 生育情况 | 1.957 | 0.376 | ||
| 初产妇 | 153(65.1) | 167(71.0) | ||
| 经产妇 | 82(34.9) | 68(29.0) | ||
| 被动吸烟 | 0.519 | 0.915 | ||
| 从不/偶尔 | 207(88.1) | 204(86.8) | ||
| 经常/总是 | 28(11.9) | 31(13.2) | ||
| 饮食规律 | 7.290 | 0.026 | ||
| 基本规律 | 201(85.5) | 219(93.2) | ||
| 不规律 | 34(14.5) | 16(6.8) | ||
| 运动量 | 8.117 | 0.004 | ||
| 经常运动 | 226(96.2) | 210(89.4) | ||
| 几乎不活动 | 9(3.8) | 25(10.6) | ||
| 抑郁焦虑筛查 | 0.813 | 0.367 | ||
| 阳性 | 54(23.0) | 46(19.6) | ||
| 阴性 | 181(77.0) | 189(80.4) | ||
| 项目 | 病例组(n=235) | 对照组(n=235) | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 入睡时间 | 3.855 | 0.278 | ||
| ≤15 min | 55(21.2) | 83(23.6) | ||
| 16~30 min | 127(48.8) | 161(45.7) | ||
| 31~60 min | 65(25.0) | 78(22.2) | ||
| >60 min | 13(5.0) | 30(8.5) | ||
| 睡眠效率 | 0.753 | 0.861 | ||
| ≥85% | 228(87.7) | 310(88.1) | ||
| <85% | 32(12.3) | 42(11.9) | ||
| 睡眠咳嗽或打鼾频率 | 16.028 | 0.001 | ||
| 0次/周 | 98(37.7) | 183(52.0) | ||
| <1次/周 | 44(16.9) | 60(17.0) | ||
| 1~20次/周 | 54(20.8) | 57(16.2) | ||
| >20次/周 | 64(24.6) | 52(14.8) | ||
| 家人打鼾频率 | 21.851 | <0.001 | ||
| 0次/周 | 113(43.5) | 205(58.2) | ||
| <1次/周 | 41(15.8) | 65(18.5) | ||
| 1~2次/周 | 47(18.1) | 38(10.8) | ||
| ≥3次/周 | 59(22.7) | 44(12.5) | ||
| 睡眠做噩梦 | 7.954 | 0.047 | ||
| 0次/周 | 139(53.5) | 168(47.7) | ||
| <1次/周 | 83(31.9) | 104(29.5) | ||
| 1~2次/周 | 33(12.7) | 61(17.3) | ||
| ≥3次/周 | 5(1.9) | 19(5.4) | ||
| 睡眠出现疼痛不适 | 12.625 | 0.006 | ||
| 0次/周 | 122(46.9) | 137(38.9) | ||
| <1次/周 | 168(26.2) | 73(20.7) | ||
| 1~2次/周 | 35(13.5) | 80(22.7) | ||
| ≥3次/周 | 35(13.5) | 62(17.6) | ||
| 睡眠中有呼吸暂停 | 8.670 | 0.018 | ||
| 0次/周 | 214(82.3) | 302(85.8) | ||
| <1次/周 | 28(10.8) | 33(9.4) | ||
| 1~2次/周 | 13(5.0) | 16(4.5) | ||
| ≥3次/周 | 6(1.9) | 1(0.3) | ||
| PSQI | 15.344 | <0.001 | ||
| 0~5分 | 205(78.8) | 285(81.0) | ||
| 6~10分 | 44(16.9) | 66(18.7) | ||
| 11~21分 | 11(4.2) | 1(0.3) | ||
Table 2 Comparison of pregnancy sleep quality between the case group and the control group
| 项目 | 病例组(n=235) | 对照组(n=235) | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 入睡时间 | 3.855 | 0.278 | ||
| ≤15 min | 55(21.2) | 83(23.6) | ||
| 16~30 min | 127(48.8) | 161(45.7) | ||
| 31~60 min | 65(25.0) | 78(22.2) | ||
| >60 min | 13(5.0) | 30(8.5) | ||
| 睡眠效率 | 0.753 | 0.861 | ||
| ≥85% | 228(87.7) | 310(88.1) | ||
| <85% | 32(12.3) | 42(11.9) | ||
| 睡眠咳嗽或打鼾频率 | 16.028 | 0.001 | ||
| 0次/周 | 98(37.7) | 183(52.0) | ||
| <1次/周 | 44(16.9) | 60(17.0) | ||
| 1~20次/周 | 54(20.8) | 57(16.2) | ||
| >20次/周 | 64(24.6) | 52(14.8) | ||
| 家人打鼾频率 | 21.851 | <0.001 | ||
| 0次/周 | 113(43.5) | 205(58.2) | ||
| <1次/周 | 41(15.8) | 65(18.5) | ||
| 1~2次/周 | 47(18.1) | 38(10.8) | ||
| ≥3次/周 | 59(22.7) | 44(12.5) | ||
| 睡眠做噩梦 | 7.954 | 0.047 | ||
| 0次/周 | 139(53.5) | 168(47.7) | ||
| <1次/周 | 83(31.9) | 104(29.5) | ||
| 1~2次/周 | 33(12.7) | 61(17.3) | ||
| ≥3次/周 | 5(1.9) | 19(5.4) | ||
| 睡眠出现疼痛不适 | 12.625 | 0.006 | ||
| 0次/周 | 122(46.9) | 137(38.9) | ||
| <1次/周 | 168(26.2) | 73(20.7) | ||
| 1~2次/周 | 35(13.5) | 80(22.7) | ||
| ≥3次/周 | 35(13.5) | 62(17.6) | ||
| 睡眠中有呼吸暂停 | 8.670 | 0.018 | ||
| 0次/周 | 214(82.3) | 302(85.8) | ||
| <1次/周 | 28(10.8) | 33(9.4) | ||
| 1~2次/周 | 13(5.0) | 16(4.5) | ||
| ≥3次/周 | 6(1.9) | 1(0.3) | ||
| PSQI | 15.344 | <0.001 | ||
| 0~5分 | 205(78.8) | 285(81.0) | ||
| 6~10分 | 44(16.9) | 66(18.7) | ||
| 11~21分 | 11(4.2) | 1(0.3) | ||
| 项目 | 病例组(n=235) | 对照组(n=235) | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 基因型 | 12.888 | 0.002 | ||
| GG | 21(8.9) | 25(10.6) | ||
| GT | 114(48.5) | 76(32.2) | ||
| TT | 100(42.6) | 134(57.0) | ||
| 等位基因型 | 6.704 | 0.010 | ||
| T | 316(67.0) | 352(75.0) | ||
| G | 154(33.0) | 118(25.0) |
Table 3 Comparison of MTNR1B gene rs3781638 polymorphism between case and control groups
| 项目 | 病例组(n=235) | 对照组(n=235) | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 基因型 | 12.888 | 0.002 | ||
| GG | 21(8.9) | 25(10.6) | ||
| GT | 114(48.5) | 76(32.2) | ||
| TT | 100(42.6) | 134(57.0) | ||
| 等位基因型 | 6.704 | 0.010 | ||
| T | 316(67.0) | 352(75.0) | ||
| G | 154(33.0) | 118(25.0) |
| 项目 | 病例组(n=235) | 对照组(n=235) | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 显性基因型 | 9.55 | 0.002 | ||
| TT | 100(42.6) | 134(57.0) | ||
| GG+GT | 135(57.4) | 101(43.0) | ||
| 隐性基因型 | 0.09 | 0.769 | ||
| GT+TT | 210(89.4) | 208(88.5) | ||
| GG | 25(10.6) | 27(11.5) | ||
| 超显性基因型 | 8.88 | 0.003 | ||
| TT+GG | 127(54.0) | 159(67.7) | ||
| GT | 108(46.0) | 76(32.3) | ||
Table 4 Comparison of MTNR1B gene rs3781638 polymorphism between case and control groups
| 项目 | 病例组(n=235) | 对照组(n=235) | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 显性基因型 | 9.55 | 0.002 | ||
| TT | 100(42.6) | 134(57.0) | ||
| GG+GT | 135(57.4) | 101(43.0) | ||
| 隐性基因型 | 0.09 | 0.769 | ||
| GT+TT | 210(89.4) | 208(88.5) | ||
| GG | 25(10.6) | 27(11.5) | ||
| 超显性基因型 | 8.88 | 0.003 | ||
| TT+GG | 127(54.0) | 159(67.7) | ||
| GT | 108(46.0) | 76(32.3) | ||
| 变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | |
| 基因型(以GG为参照) | ||||
| GT | 1.87(1.27~2.76) | 0.002 | 1.88(1.24~2.83) | 0.002 |
| TT | 1.50(0.77~2.95) | 0.240 | 1.21(0.61~2.31) | 0.560 |
| 等位基因型(以G为参照) | ||||
| T | 1.31(1.07~1.60) | 0.008 | 1.28(1.02~1.71) | 0.030 |
| 显性基因型(以TT为参照) | ||||
| GG+GT | 1.79(1.25~2.60) | 0.002 | 1.93(1.29~2.89) | 0.001 |
| 隐性基因型(以GG+TT为参照) | ||||
| GG | 1.09(0.61~1.94) | 0.770 | 0.68(0.35~1.27) | 0.230 |
| 超显性基因型(以TT+GG为参照) | ||||
| GT | 1.78(1.22~2.59) | 0.003 | 1.84(1.22~2.72) | 0.003 |
Table 5 Multivariate Logistic analysis of the association between MTNR1B rs3781638 gene polymorphism and GH
| 变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | |
| 基因型(以GG为参照) | ||||
| GT | 1.87(1.27~2.76) | 0.002 | 1.88(1.24~2.83) | 0.002 |
| TT | 1.50(0.77~2.95) | 0.240 | 1.21(0.61~2.31) | 0.560 |
| 等位基因型(以G为参照) | ||||
| T | 1.31(1.07~1.60) | 0.008 | 1.28(1.02~1.71) | 0.030 |
| 显性基因型(以TT为参照) | ||||
| GG+GT | 1.79(1.25~2.60) | 0.002 | 1.93(1.29~2.89) | 0.001 |
| 隐性基因型(以GG+TT为参照) | ||||
| GG | 1.09(0.61~1.94) | 0.770 | 0.68(0.35~1.27) | 0.230 |
| 超显性基因型(以TT+GG为参照) | ||||
| GT | 1.78(1.22~2.59) | 0.003 | 1.84(1.22~2.72) | 0.003 |
| 变量 | 夜睡时无咳嗽/打鼾 | 夜睡时咳嗽/打鼾<1次/周 | 夜睡时咳嗽/打鼾1~2次/周 | 夜睡时咳嗽/打鼾≥3次/周 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | |
| TT | 1.00 | — | 1.46(0.70~3.03) | 0.031 | 2.82(1.36~5.84) | 0.012 | 2.21(1.09~4.48) | 0.002 |
| GT+GG | 2.14(1.23~3.72) | 0.016 | 2.74(1.30~5.79) | 0.023 | 2.98(1.43~6.24) | 0.006 | 4.90(2.24~10.75) | 0.001 |
Table 6 The interaction between MTNR1B gene rs3781638 polymorphism and snoring during pregnancy on the effect of GH
| 变量 | 夜睡时无咳嗽/打鼾 | 夜睡时咳嗽/打鼾<1次/周 | 夜睡时咳嗽/打鼾1~2次/周 | 夜睡时咳嗽/打鼾≥3次/周 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | |
| TT | 1.00 | — | 1.46(0.70~3.03) | 0.031 | 2.82(1.36~5.84) | 0.012 | 2.21(1.09~4.48) | 0.002 |
| GT+GG | 2.14(1.23~3.72) | 0.016 | 2.74(1.30~5.79) | 0.023 | 2.98(1.43~6.24) | 0.006 | 4.90(2.24~10.75) | 0.001 |
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