As a unique medical resource in China, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has palyed an essential role in maintaining population health. However, facing the growing health demands, some problems of TCM at the grassroots become prominent, such as the unbalanced and inadequate development of TCM and the weak service capacity of TCM. Therefore, it is crutial to improve the rural TCM service system for rural revitalization and the construction of a healthy China.

To evaluate the medical service capacity and efficiency of village clinics in a district of Beijing, analyze the existing problems in the development of TCM, and provide reasonable suggestions for further promoting the development of TCM in village clinics.

A total of 394 village health centres in a district of Beijing were selected for the study from January to March in 2021. First, descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze the TCM provision capacity of the village clinic in 2019, including TCM related human, material and financial resources and services. Then, data envelopment analysis was employed to calculate the overall efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the villiage clinic. The human resources and hardware construction were regarded as input indicators, and capital return and service volume as output indicators. The comprehensive efficiency, technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the village clinic were calculated.

Overall, 394 village clinics in this district provided TCM services in 2019. There were 45 rural doctors mainly practicing TCM, 471 sets of TCM diagnosis and treatment equipment. The income of Chinese herbal medicine and Chinese patent medicine was 1.224 5 million yuan and 34.161 9 million yuan, respectively. The number of TCM treatments was 64 716 times. Based on data envelopment analysis, 264 village clinics were in a state of increasing return to scale, 13 village clinics were in a state of decreasing return to scale, and only 7 village clinics were in a state of effective allocation of TCM resources. Besides, there were regional differences in the efficiency of TCM service among townships, towns and streets.

The village clinics in this district have some problems, including inadequate TCM rural doctors, insufficient TCM related equipment, evident disparities in medical income, and low efficiency of TCM service provision. Among them, the problem of scale efficiency is particularly prominent, which has become a key factor restricting the improvement of TCM service efficiency, resulting in the slow development of TCM in the region. These problems might be solved by a series of measures, such as enlarging TCM talents, optimizing the allocation of TCM relaed equipment, improving the health compensation mechanism, and strengthening the distinctive advantages of TCM, and then TCM in village clinics could devlelop with high-quality in the new era.

中医药作为我国独特的卫生资源，在卫生服务中发挥着重要作用。然而，随着居民健康需求的不断增长，中医药发展不平衡、不充分，基层中医药服务能力薄弱的问题日益凸显。因此，完善乡村中医药服务体系对推动乡村振兴和健康中国建设具有重要战略意义。

评价北京市某区村卫生室中医药服务能力及效率，分析中医药发展中存在的问题，为进一步推动村卫生室中医药发展提供合理建议与参考依据。

2021年1—3月选取北京市某区394家村卫生室为研究对象，首先采用描述性统计分析法以该区村卫生室在2019年开展的中医药服务为切入点，对中医相关人力、物力、财力资源与服务现状进行统计分析，然后运用数据包络分析法（DEA），以人力资源、硬件建设作为投入指标，资金收益、服务量作为产出指标，计算该区村卫生室的综合效率、技术效率、规模效率。

2019年该区394家村卫生室均可提供中医药服务，行医方式以中医为主的乡村医生共计45名，中医诊疗设备共计471台，中草药收入、中成药收入分别共计122.45万元和3 416.19万元，中医诊疗人次数共计64 716人次。通过DEA，发现264家村卫生室处于规模报酬递增状态，13家村卫生室规模报酬递减，仅有7家村卫生室中医药资源配置效率达到DEA有效状态，而各乡、镇、街道的中医药服务效率存在区域性差异。

该区村卫生室存在中医类乡村医生资源匮乏、中医相关诊疗设备配备不足、医疗收入差距悬殊以及中医药服务提供效率低下的问题。其中，规模效率问题尤为突出，成为制约中医药服务效率提升的关键因素，导致了该区域中医药发展的缓慢态势。建议针对存在的主要问题与薄弱环节，逐一突破，扩大中医药人才队伍、完善中医诊疗设备配置、健全卫生补偿机制、强化中医药特色优势，以合理优化基层中医药资源配置，促进新时期内中医药事业在村卫生室的传承创新与高质量发展。