Background The problem of overweight and obesity has become increasingly prominent in recent years and has become a major global public health problem. China has also launched the "Weight Management Year" campaign, hoping to prevent and control chronic diseases related to overweight and obesity from the source. However, due to differences in economic and geographical conditions, the prevalence of overweight and obesity varies in different regions. What is the trend of overweight and obesity prevalence in Hebei Province in recent years, and where are the key points for prevention and control? This problem urgently needs to be solved.
Objective To grasp the trend and change of overweight and obesity prevalence among residents aged 18-44 in Hebei Province between 2013 (from May to September) and 2020 (from April to December). Dynamically analyse the influencing factors and provide an objective basis for prevention and treatment strategies and measures for healthy Hebei and weight management.
Methods We collected data from the 2013 Hebei Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiological Survey and the 2020 Hebei Provincial Residents' Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance Project cross-sectional survey, and used different obesity indicators to comprehensively measure the prevalence of overweight and obesity among residents aged 18-44 years. The influencing factors and the interaction between each factor of overweight and obesity were explored by using the multifactorial Logistic regression model, and the changing situation was analyzed.
Results In 2020, the detection rates of standardised overweight, obesity, body fat percentage obesity, abdominal obesity and high waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) of Hebei residents aged 18-44 years will be higher than those in 2013 (the number of individuals detected with overweight, obesity, high body fat percentage, abdominal obesity and high waist-to-height ratio after standardization based on the 2010 national census population / the standard population count of individuals aged 18-44 from the 2010 national census), which were 32.24%, 11.49%, 24.86%, 27.03% and 45.01%, respectively; and in 2020, 32.85%, 25.75%, 57.93%, 40.77% and 59.73%, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analyses of the factors affecting different types of obesity in the adult population of China showed that men, older age groups (compared with the 18-20 groups), married and hypertensive individuals had a higher risk of various types of obesity. In addition to the above factors, insufficient physical activity, educational level of junior high school and below, occupation as self-employed and agricultural workers, high-fat diet, intake of fish and eggs >1 000 g/week, and sleep <6 h/d also increased the risk of different types of obesity. The results of the multiplicative interaction analysis showed that the risk of obesity, body fat percentage obesity, and high waist-to-hip ratio in married hypertensive patients was 1.551 (95%CI=1.400-1.758, P<0.05), 1.418 (95%CI=1.170-1.720, P<0.05), and 1.652 (95%CI=1.454-1.935, P<0.05) times that of the reference group, respectively; the risk of abdominal obesity was higher in people with short sleep duration and a high-fat diet (OR=1.428, 95%CI=1.075-1.897, P<0.05); the risk of high waist-to-hip ratio in self-employed or agricultural workers with hypertension was 3.248 (95%CI=1.418-7.44, P<0.05) and 3.100 (95%CI=1.606-5.984, P<0.05) times that of the reference group, respectively. Compared to 2013, in 2020, among the common influencing factors of various obesity types, the proportion of males in the overweight and body fat percentage obesity groups slightly decreased, while in other obesity types, the proportion increased; the proportion of people in different obesity types in the age groups of 31-35 and 36-40 reached over 20%; the proportion of married individuals in the two types of generalized obesity groups slightly decreased, while in the two types of central obesity groups, the proportion slightly increased; the proportion of hypertensive patients in various obesity types significantly increased, more than doubling compared to 2013.
Conclusion In 2020, the detection rate of all types of obesity among residents aged 18-44 years in Hebei Province will be significantly higher than that in 2013, and attention should be paid to the dynamic trends of risk factors related to overweight/obesity in young and middle-aged populations in Hebei Province, so as to take targeted preventive measures, enhance the health awareness of the residents, and do a good job of weight management.
