
Chinese General Practice ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (18): 2482-2488.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0394
• Article • Previous Articles
Received:2025-08-25
Revised:2026-02-25
Published:2026-06-20
Online:2026-05-21
Contact:
KE Tingyu
通讯作者:
柯亭羽
作者简介:作者贡献:
李亚婵提出主要研究目标,负责研究的构思与设计,研究的实施,撰写论文;李亚婵、徐千婷进行数据的收集与整理,统计学处理,图、表的绘制与展示;杨阳进行论文的修订;柯亭羽负责文章的质量控制与审查,对文章整体负责,监督管理。
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URL: https://www.chinagp.net/EN/10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0394
| 组别 | 例数 | 性别(男/女) | 年龄[M(P25,P75),岁] | 舒张压[M(P25,P75),mmHg] | 收缩压[M(P25,P75),mmHg] | BMI[M(P25,P75),kg/m2 ] | 颈围[M(P25,P75),cm] | WC( | 臀围[M(P25,P75),cm] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LVDD组 | 771 | 482/289 | 57(50,64) | 80(77,89) | 129(120,140) | 24.9(23.0,26.9) | 37(35,40) | 91.07±9.22 | 97(92,101) |
| T2DM组 | 257 | 165/92 | 52(43,58) | 80(75,88) | 125(118,132) | 23.8(22.3,25.8) | 37(35,39) | 88.02±8.30 | 96(91,99) |
| 检验统计量值 | 0.235a | -7.458 | -2.003 | -4.344 | -4.298 | -2.160 | 4.702b | -2.886 | |
| P值 | 0.628 | <0.001 | 0.045 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.031 | <0.001 | 0.004 | |
| 组别 | VFA[M(P25,P75),cm2] | SFA[M(P25,P75),cm2] | VAI[M(P25,P75)] | CVAI[M(P25,P75)] | HbA1c[M(P25,P75),%] | FBG[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | ApoA1[M(P25,P75),g/L] | ||
| LVDD组 | 88.0(66.0,102.0) | 105.0(88.0,148.7) | 2.97(1.92,4.82) | 125.80(102.30,147.67) | 8.7(7.3,10.3) | 8.52(6.40,12.47) | 1.29(1.15,1.44) | ||
| T2DM组 | 85.0(61.3,97.9) | 105.1(90.7,145.3) | 2.99(1.98,5.39) | 110.50(88.02,134.93) | 9.2(7.4,10.7) | 8.79(6.69,13.10) | 1.26(1.13,1.44) | ||
| 检验统计量值 | -2.729 | -0.526 | -0.753 | -5.830 | -1.860a | -1.664 | -1.153 | ||
| P值 | 0.006 | 0.599 | 0.451 | <0.001 | 0.063 | 0.096 | 0.249 | ||
| 组别 | ApoB[M(P25,P75),g/L] | Lp(a)[M(P25,P75),mg/dL] | ALT[M(P25,P75),U/L] | AST[M(P25,P75),U/L] | ALB[M(P25,P75),g/L] | Cr[M(P25,P75),μmol/L] | UA[M(P25,P75),μmol/L] | ||
| LVDD组 | 0.89(0.75,1.05) | 8.6(5.1,16.7) | 24(18,36) | 20(17,26) | 41.9(39.4,43.8) | 69(58,81) | 367(304,437) | ||
| T2DM组 | 0.92(0.80,1.06) | 6.5(4.4,12.6) | 24(17,37) | 20(17,26) | 42.1(39.9,44.4) | 66(55,79) | 348(288,409) | ||
| 检验统计量值 | -1.002 | -3.442 | -0.176 | -0.624 | -1.652 | -2.569 | -2.850 | ||
| P值 | 0.316 | <0.001 | 0.860 | 0.533 | 0.099 | 0.010 | 0.004 | ||
| 组别 | TG[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | TC[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | HDL-C[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | LDL-C[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | 糖尿病病程[M(P25,P75),月] | TG/HDL-C[M(P25,P75)] | 糖尿病视网膜病变[例(%)] | ||
| LVDD组 | 2.01(1.47,3.14) | 4.80(4.05,5.58) | 1.09(0.95,1.29) | 2.96(2.37,3.58) | 73(28,133) | 2.04(1.25,3.29) | 248(32.2) | ||
| T2DM组 | 2.03(1.51,3.42) | 4.96(4.27,5.57) | 1.08(0.95,1.25) | 3.00(2.49,3.50) | 66(33,128) | 1.63(1.21,2.72) | 67(26.1) | ||
| 检验统计量值 | -1.107 | -0.937 | -0.699 | -0.384 | -0.054 | -2.991 | 3.370a | ||
| P值 | 0.268 | 0.349 | 0.485 | 0.701 | 0.589 | 0.003 | 0.066 |
Table 1 Comparison of baseline clinical characteristics between groups
| 组别 | 例数 | 性别(男/女) | 年龄[M(P25,P75),岁] | 舒张压[M(P25,P75),mmHg] | 收缩压[M(P25,P75),mmHg] | BMI[M(P25,P75),kg/m2 ] | 颈围[M(P25,P75),cm] | WC( | 臀围[M(P25,P75),cm] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LVDD组 | 771 | 482/289 | 57(50,64) | 80(77,89) | 129(120,140) | 24.9(23.0,26.9) | 37(35,40) | 91.07±9.22 | 97(92,101) |
| T2DM组 | 257 | 165/92 | 52(43,58) | 80(75,88) | 125(118,132) | 23.8(22.3,25.8) | 37(35,39) | 88.02±8.30 | 96(91,99) |
| 检验统计量值 | 0.235a | -7.458 | -2.003 | -4.344 | -4.298 | -2.160 | 4.702b | -2.886 | |
| P值 | 0.628 | <0.001 | 0.045 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.031 | <0.001 | 0.004 | |
| 组别 | VFA[M(P25,P75),cm2] | SFA[M(P25,P75),cm2] | VAI[M(P25,P75)] | CVAI[M(P25,P75)] | HbA1c[M(P25,P75),%] | FBG[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | ApoA1[M(P25,P75),g/L] | ||
| LVDD组 | 88.0(66.0,102.0) | 105.0(88.0,148.7) | 2.97(1.92,4.82) | 125.80(102.30,147.67) | 8.7(7.3,10.3) | 8.52(6.40,12.47) | 1.29(1.15,1.44) | ||
| T2DM组 | 85.0(61.3,97.9) | 105.1(90.7,145.3) | 2.99(1.98,5.39) | 110.50(88.02,134.93) | 9.2(7.4,10.7) | 8.79(6.69,13.10) | 1.26(1.13,1.44) | ||
| 检验统计量值 | -2.729 | -0.526 | -0.753 | -5.830 | -1.860a | -1.664 | -1.153 | ||
| P值 | 0.006 | 0.599 | 0.451 | <0.001 | 0.063 | 0.096 | 0.249 | ||
| 组别 | ApoB[M(P25,P75),g/L] | Lp(a)[M(P25,P75),mg/dL] | ALT[M(P25,P75),U/L] | AST[M(P25,P75),U/L] | ALB[M(P25,P75),g/L] | Cr[M(P25,P75),μmol/L] | UA[M(P25,P75),μmol/L] | ||
| LVDD组 | 0.89(0.75,1.05) | 8.6(5.1,16.7) | 24(18,36) | 20(17,26) | 41.9(39.4,43.8) | 69(58,81) | 367(304,437) | ||
| T2DM组 | 0.92(0.80,1.06) | 6.5(4.4,12.6) | 24(17,37) | 20(17,26) | 42.1(39.9,44.4) | 66(55,79) | 348(288,409) | ||
| 检验统计量值 | -1.002 | -3.442 | -0.176 | -0.624 | -1.652 | -2.569 | -2.850 | ||
| P值 | 0.316 | <0.001 | 0.860 | 0.533 | 0.099 | 0.010 | 0.004 | ||
| 组别 | TG[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | TC[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | HDL-C[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | LDL-C[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | 糖尿病病程[M(P25,P75),月] | TG/HDL-C[M(P25,P75)] | 糖尿病视网膜病变[例(%)] | ||
| LVDD组 | 2.01(1.47,3.14) | 4.80(4.05,5.58) | 1.09(0.95,1.29) | 2.96(2.37,3.58) | 73(28,133) | 2.04(1.25,3.29) | 248(32.2) | ||
| T2DM组 | 2.03(1.51,3.42) | 4.96(4.27,5.57) | 1.08(0.95,1.25) | 3.00(2.49,3.50) | 66(33,128) | 1.63(1.21,2.72) | 67(26.1) | ||
| 检验统计量值 | -1.107 | -0.937 | -0.699 | -0.384 | -0.054 | -2.991 | 3.370a | ||
| P值 | 0.268 | 0.349 | 0.485 | 0.701 | 0.589 | 0.003 | 0.066 |
| 参数 | WC | BMI | VFA | VAI | CVAI | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs值 | P值 | rs值 | P值 | rs值 | P值 | rs值 | P值 | rs值 | P值 | |
| LAD | 0.356 | <0.001 | 0.358 | <0.001 | 0.268 | <0.001 | 0.046 | 0.141 | 0.370 | <0.001 |
| IVST | 0.127 | <0.001 | 0.277 | <0.001 | 0.229 | <0.001 | 0.059 | 0.058 | 0.351 | <0.001 |
| LVPWT | 0.134 | <0.001 | 0.248 | <0.001 | 0.240 | <0.001 | 0.062 | 0.046 | 0.341 | <0.001 |
| LVDd | 0.288 | <0.001 | 0.263 | <0.001 | 0.182 | <0.001 | -0.006 | 0.837 | 0.269 | <0.001 |
| LVEF | -0.110 | <0.001 | -0.085 | <0.001 | -0.050 | 0.107 | -0.064 | 0.042 | -0.041 | <0.001 |
Table 2 Correlations between visceral-type obesity indices and cardiac structural/functional parameters
| 参数 | WC | BMI | VFA | VAI | CVAI | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs值 | P值 | rs值 | P值 | rs值 | P值 | rs值 | P值 | rs值 | P值 | |
| LAD | 0.356 | <0.001 | 0.358 | <0.001 | 0.268 | <0.001 | 0.046 | 0.141 | 0.370 | <0.001 |
| IVST | 0.127 | <0.001 | 0.277 | <0.001 | 0.229 | <0.001 | 0.059 | 0.058 | 0.351 | <0.001 |
| LVPWT | 0.134 | <0.001 | 0.248 | <0.001 | 0.240 | <0.001 | 0.062 | 0.046 | 0.341 | <0.001 |
| LVDd | 0.288 | <0.001 | 0.263 | <0.001 | 0.182 | <0.001 | -0.006 | 0.837 | 0.269 | <0.001 |
| LVEF | -0.110 | <0.001 | -0.085 | <0.001 | -0.050 | 0.107 | -0.064 | 0.042 | -0.041 | <0.001 |
| 项目 | Q1组(n=257) | Q2组(n=257) | Q3组(n=257) | Q4组(n=257) | H(χ2)值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 基本特征 | ||||||
| 男/女 | 140/117 | 141/116 | 167/90 | 199/58 | 38.679a | <0.001 |
| 年龄[M(P25,P75),岁] | 53(46,59) | 56(50,63) | 57(50,63) | 58(50,65) | 33.030 | <0.001 |
| 舒张压[M(P25,P75),mmHg] | 80(74,88) | 80(76,88) | 80(77,90) | 82(78,89) | 11.683 | 0.009 |
| 收缩压[M(P25,P75),mmHg] | 125(119,136) | 127(120,140) | 130(120,140) | 128(120,140) | 11.109 | 0.011 |
| 代谢指标 | ||||||
| BMI[M(P25,P75),kg/m2] | 22.0(20.4,23.1) | 23.8(22.4,25.1) | 25.4(24.2,26.9) | 27.4(25.8,29.4) | 514.594 | <0.001 |
| WC[M(P25,P75),cm] | 80(76,84) | 87(85,90) | 93(90,96) | 100(97,104) | 763.389 | <0.001 |
| VFA[M(P25,P75),cm2] | 60.00(45.60,79.25) | 81.11(65.30,94.45) | 90.00(78.00,102.00) | 102.00(89.00,121.60) | 322.515 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c[M(P25,P75),%] | 9.0(7.2,11.2) | 9.0(7.4,10.5) | 8.8(7.2,10.3) | 8.6(7.5,10.1) | 2.944 | 0.400 |
| FBG[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | 8.67(6.35,13.41) | 8.62(6.41,12.36) | 8.51(6.40,12.47) | 8.66(6.68,12.42) | 0.730 | 0.866 |
| TG/HDL-C[M(P25,P75)] | 1.94(1.20,3.16) | 1.99(1.26,3.48) | 1.79(1.18,2.97) | 1.90(1.23,3.34) | 2.936 | 0.402 |
| 心脏结构与功能 | ||||||
| LAD[M(P25,P75),mm] | 30(27,33) | 32(29,34) | 33(30,35) | 34(31,37) | 121.480 | <0.001 |
| IVST[M(P25,P75),mm] | 9.4(8.6,10.4) | 10.0(8.9,10.9) | 10.5(9.3,11.3) | 10.8(9.9,11.7) | 108.360 | <0.001 |
| LVDd[M(P25,P75),mm] | 42(40,45) | 43(40,46) | 44(40,47) | 45(42,49) | 60.228 | <0.001 |
| LVPWT[M(P25,P75),mm] | 9.2(8.3,10.0) | 9.6(8.7,10.3) | 9.8(9.0,10.6) | 10.2(9.4,11.2) | 103.418 | <0.001 |
| LVEF[M(P25,P75),%] | 68(65,70) | 67(64,70) | 68(64,70) | 66(63,69) | 15.713 | 0.001 |
| LVDD[例(%)] | 165(64.2) | 183(71.2) | 204(79.4) | 219(85.2) | 34.879a | <0.001 |
Table 3 Baseline characteristics by CVAI quartile groups
| 项目 | Q1组(n=257) | Q2组(n=257) | Q3组(n=257) | Q4组(n=257) | H(χ2)值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 基本特征 | ||||||
| 男/女 | 140/117 | 141/116 | 167/90 | 199/58 | 38.679a | <0.001 |
| 年龄[M(P25,P75),岁] | 53(46,59) | 56(50,63) | 57(50,63) | 58(50,65) | 33.030 | <0.001 |
| 舒张压[M(P25,P75),mmHg] | 80(74,88) | 80(76,88) | 80(77,90) | 82(78,89) | 11.683 | 0.009 |
| 收缩压[M(P25,P75),mmHg] | 125(119,136) | 127(120,140) | 130(120,140) | 128(120,140) | 11.109 | 0.011 |
| 代谢指标 | ||||||
| BMI[M(P25,P75),kg/m2] | 22.0(20.4,23.1) | 23.8(22.4,25.1) | 25.4(24.2,26.9) | 27.4(25.8,29.4) | 514.594 | <0.001 |
| WC[M(P25,P75),cm] | 80(76,84) | 87(85,90) | 93(90,96) | 100(97,104) | 763.389 | <0.001 |
| VFA[M(P25,P75),cm2] | 60.00(45.60,79.25) | 81.11(65.30,94.45) | 90.00(78.00,102.00) | 102.00(89.00,121.60) | 322.515 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c[M(P25,P75),%] | 9.0(7.2,11.2) | 9.0(7.4,10.5) | 8.8(7.2,10.3) | 8.6(7.5,10.1) | 2.944 | 0.400 |
| FBG[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | 8.67(6.35,13.41) | 8.62(6.41,12.36) | 8.51(6.40,12.47) | 8.66(6.68,12.42) | 0.730 | 0.866 |
| TG/HDL-C[M(P25,P75)] | 1.94(1.20,3.16) | 1.99(1.26,3.48) | 1.79(1.18,2.97) | 1.90(1.23,3.34) | 2.936 | 0.402 |
| 心脏结构与功能 | ||||||
| LAD[M(P25,P75),mm] | 30(27,33) | 32(29,34) | 33(30,35) | 34(31,37) | 121.480 | <0.001 |
| IVST[M(P25,P75),mm] | 9.4(8.6,10.4) | 10.0(8.9,10.9) | 10.5(9.3,11.3) | 10.8(9.9,11.7) | 108.360 | <0.001 |
| LVDd[M(P25,P75),mm] | 42(40,45) | 43(40,46) | 44(40,47) | 45(42,49) | 60.228 | <0.001 |
| LVPWT[M(P25,P75),mm] | 9.2(8.3,10.0) | 9.6(8.7,10.3) | 9.8(9.0,10.6) | 10.2(9.4,11.2) | 103.418 | <0.001 |
| LVEF[M(P25,P75),%] | 68(65,70) | 67(64,70) | 68(64,70) | 66(63,69) | 15.713 | 0.001 |
| LVDD[例(%)] | 165(64.2) | 183(71.2) | 204(79.4) | 219(85.2) | 34.879a | <0.001 |
| 变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | |
| CVAI Q1水平 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | |||
| CVAI Q2水平 | 1.379(0.951~1.999) | 0.090 | 1.090(0.726~1.636) | 0.678 | 1.094(0.719~1.665) | 0.675 |
| CVAI Q3水平 | 2.146(1.445~3.187) | <0.001 | 1.660(1.057~2.068) | 0.028 | 1.611(1.006~2.581) | 0.047 |
| CVAI Q4水平 | 3.213(2.093~4.933) | <0.001 | 2.461(1.448~4.182) | <0.001 | 2.361(1.349~4.133) | 0.003 |
Table 4 Logistic regression analysis of CVAI and T2DM concurrent LVDD
| 变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | |
| CVAI Q1水平 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | |||
| CVAI Q2水平 | 1.379(0.951~1.999) | 0.090 | 1.090(0.726~1.636) | 0.678 | 1.094(0.719~1.665) | 0.675 |
| CVAI Q3水平 | 2.146(1.445~3.187) | <0.001 | 1.660(1.057~2.068) | 0.028 | 1.611(1.006~2.581) | 0.047 |
| CVAI Q4水平 | 3.213(2.093~4.933) | <0.001 | 2.461(1.448~4.182) | <0.001 | 2.361(1.349~4.133) | 0.003 |
| 指标 | AUC | 95%CI | 灵敏度 | 特异度 | 最佳截断值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VFA | 0.557 | 0.517~0.596 | 0.403 | 0.288 | 92.950 cm2 | 0.006 |
| BMI | 0.589 | 0.551|~0.628 | 0.696 | 0.455 | 23.250 kg/m2 | <0.001 |
| WC | 0.599 | 0.560~0.638 | 0.569 | 0.615 | 89.500 cm | <0.001 |
| CVAI | 0.621 | 0.582~0.660 | 0.585 | 0.619 | 118.667 | <0.001 |
| 联合预测模型 | 0.727 | 0.692~0.763 | 0.726 | 0.638 | 0.724 | <0.001 |
Table 5 Diagnostic value of obesity indices and Multivariable Logistic regression model for LVDD
| 指标 | AUC | 95%CI | 灵敏度 | 特异度 | 最佳截断值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VFA | 0.557 | 0.517~0.596 | 0.403 | 0.288 | 92.950 cm2 | 0.006 |
| BMI | 0.589 | 0.551|~0.628 | 0.696 | 0.455 | 23.250 kg/m2 | <0.001 |
| WC | 0.599 | 0.560~0.638 | 0.569 | 0.615 | 89.500 cm | <0.001 |
| CVAI | 0.621 | 0.582~0.660 | 0.585 | 0.619 | 118.667 | <0.001 |
| 联合预测模型 | 0.727 | 0.692~0.763 | 0.726 | 0.638 | 0.724 | <0.001 |
| 变量 | Q1水平 | Q2水平[OR(95%CI)] | P值 | Q3水平[OR(95%CI)] | P值 | Q4水平[OR(95%CI)] | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 性别 | |||||||
| 男性 | 1.000 | 1.099(0.615~1.965) | 0.749 | 1.447(0.797~2.629) | 0.225 | 1.948(1.001~3.791) | 0.049 |
| 女性 | 1.000 | 1.115(0.579~2.146) | 0.745 | 2.304(0.959~5.537) | 0.062 | 8.617(1.162~46.058) | 0.012 |
| 年龄 | |||||||
| <60岁 | 1.000 | 1.550(0.976~2.462) | 0.063 | 2.387(1.402~4.064) | 0.001 | 4.371(2.222~8.598) | <0.001 |
| ≥ 60岁 | 1.000 | 0.510(0.178~1.455) | 0.208 | 0.747(0.242~2.306) | 0.613 | 0.729(0.218~2.432) | 0.607 |
| BMI | |||||||
| 正常(18~24 kg/m2) | 1.000 | 1.465(0.889~2.416) | 0.134 | 3.997(1.717~9.303) | 0.001 | 3.989(0.837~19.016) | 0.082 |
| 超重(>24 kg/m2) | 1.000 | 0.897(0.362~2.219) | 0.814 | 0.983(0.405~2.386) | 0.969 | 1.759(0.694~4.458) | 0.234 |
Table 6 Stratified analyses of the association between CVAI and LVDD
| 变量 | Q1水平 | Q2水平[OR(95%CI)] | P值 | Q3水平[OR(95%CI)] | P值 | Q4水平[OR(95%CI)] | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 性别 | |||||||
| 男性 | 1.000 | 1.099(0.615~1.965) | 0.749 | 1.447(0.797~2.629) | 0.225 | 1.948(1.001~3.791) | 0.049 |
| 女性 | 1.000 | 1.115(0.579~2.146) | 0.745 | 2.304(0.959~5.537) | 0.062 | 8.617(1.162~46.058) | 0.012 |
| 年龄 | |||||||
| <60岁 | 1.000 | 1.550(0.976~2.462) | 0.063 | 2.387(1.402~4.064) | 0.001 | 4.371(2.222~8.598) | <0.001 |
| ≥ 60岁 | 1.000 | 0.510(0.178~1.455) | 0.208 | 0.747(0.242~2.306) | 0.613 | 0.729(0.218~2.432) | 0.607 |
| BMI | |||||||
| 正常(18~24 kg/m2) | 1.000 | 1.465(0.889~2.416) | 0.134 | 3.997(1.717~9.303) | 0.001 | 3.989(0.837~19.016) | 0.082 |
| 超重(>24 kg/m2) | 1.000 | 0.897(0.362~2.219) | 0.814 | 0.983(0.405~2.386) | 0.969 | 1.759(0.694~4.458) | 0.234 |
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