
Chinese General Practice ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (15): 2014-2021.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0332
• Original Research • Previous Articles
Received:2025-10-15
Revised:2025-12-22
Published:2026-05-20
Online:2026-04-14
Contact:
ZHOU Xiaoya
通讯作者:
周晓亚
作者简介:作者贡献:
刘天缘提出主要研究目标,负责研究的构思与设计,研究的实施,撰写论文并对文章整体负责;刘天缘、桑婉玥、彭继平、程思怡、黄伊伊、李欧文进行数据的收集与整理,统计学处理,图、表的绘制与展示;江洪进行论文的修订;周晓亚负责文章的质量控制与审查。
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| 组别 | 例数 | 性别[例(%)] | 年龄( | BMI[M(P25,P75),kg/m2] | 吸烟[例(%)] | 饮酒[例(%)] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 男 | 女 | ||||||||
| Q1组 | 88 | 59(67.0) | 29(33.0) | 56.7±14.2 | 24.61(22.49,27.12) | 27(30.7) | 21(23.9) | ||
| Q2组 | 88 | 58(65.9) | 30(34.1) | 59.7±13.9 | 24.49(22.57,26.72) | 26(29.5) | 16(18.2) | ||
| Q3组 | 87 | 58(66.7) | 29(33.3) | 54.2±14.9d | 24.35(22.31,26.61) | 25(28.7) | 21(24.1) | ||
| Q4组 | 88 | 51(58.0) | 37(42.0) | 61.0±15.0ce | 24.35(22.11,25.96) | 19(21.6) | 21(23.9) | ||
| 检验统计量值 | 2.145 | 3.934a | 0.717b | 2.229 | 1.262 | ||||
| P值 | 0.543 | 0.009 | 0.542 | 0.526 | 0.738 | ||||
| 组别 | 服用降压药[例(%)] | 夜间收缩压( | 夜间舒张压( | ALT[M(P25,P75),U/L] | AST[M(P25,P75),U/L] | BUN[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | |||
| RASS抑制剂 | β受体阻滞剂 | CCB | 利尿剂 | ||||||
| Q1组 | 54(61.4) | 44(50.0) | 70(79.5) | 13(14.8) | 132±11 | 77±10 | 21.00(13.75,30.00) | 22.50(19.00,26.25) | 5.33(4.63,6.34) |
| Q2组 | 59(67.0) | 46(52.3) | 68(77.3) | 10(11.4) | 133±10 | 76±10 | 20.00(13.00,25.25) | 22.00(17.75,27.00) | 5.85(4.94,6.88) |
| Q3组 | 56(64.4) | 34(39.1) | 62(71.3) | 14(16.1) | 133±10 | 78±10 | 21.00(15.00,33.50) | 22.00(18.00,28.50) | 5.10(4.50,6.38) |
| Q4组 | 61(69.3) | 43(48.9) | 68(77.3) | 13(14.8) | 134±10 | 75±13 | 20.00(15.75,29.25) | 22.00(18.00,26.25) | 5.74(4.75,6.91) |
| 检验统计量值 | 1.377 | 3.562 | 1.827 | 0.881 | 0.739a | 1.220a | 0.490b | 0.059b | 2.248b |
| P值 | 0.711 | 0.313 | 0.609 | 0.830 | 0.529 | 0.302 | 0.690 | 0.981 | 0.083 |
| 组别 | Scr[M(P25,P75),μmol/L] | eGFR[M(P25,P75),mL·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1] | FPG[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | TC[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | TG[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | HDL-C[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | LDL-C( | ||
| Q1组 | 76.00(58.95,89.25) | 91.85(78.62,104.46) | 4.96(4.39,5.32) | 4.65(4.19,5.15) | 1.61(1.15,2.32) | 1.07(0.90,1.23) | 2.79±0.82 | ||
| Q2组 | 72.50(59.50,90.25) | 91.65(77.10,101.80) | 4.94(4.52,5.68) | 4.46(3.92,5.02) | 1.60(1.20,2.38) | 1.04(0.89,1.21) | 2.51±0.69 | ||
| Q3组 | 75.00(59.00,85.50) | 99.33(84.95,107.02) | 4.92(4.61,5.58) | 4.61(4.13,5.17) | 1.59(1.06,2.31) | 1.05(0.90,1.27) | 2.72±0.89 | ||
| Q4组 | 70.24(58.75,86.00) | 89.56(79.94,100.19) | 5.05(4.65,5.68) | 4.42(3.91,5.37) | 1.62(1.10,2.30) | 1.10(0.93,1.32) | 2.61±0.96 | ||
| 检验统计量值 | 0.922b | 1.258b | 1.175b | 2.155b | 0.557b | 0.632b | 2.411a | ||
| P值 | 0.430 | 0.289 | 0.319 | 0.095 | 0.644 | 0.595 | 0.068 | ||
Table 1 Comparison of general data among 4 groups of patients
| 组别 | 例数 | 性别[例(%)] | 年龄( | BMI[M(P25,P75),kg/m2] | 吸烟[例(%)] | 饮酒[例(%)] | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 男 | 女 | ||||||||
| Q1组 | 88 | 59(67.0) | 29(33.0) | 56.7±14.2 | 24.61(22.49,27.12) | 27(30.7) | 21(23.9) | ||
| Q2组 | 88 | 58(65.9) | 30(34.1) | 59.7±13.9 | 24.49(22.57,26.72) | 26(29.5) | 16(18.2) | ||
| Q3组 | 87 | 58(66.7) | 29(33.3) | 54.2±14.9d | 24.35(22.31,26.61) | 25(28.7) | 21(24.1) | ||
| Q4组 | 88 | 51(58.0) | 37(42.0) | 61.0±15.0ce | 24.35(22.11,25.96) | 19(21.6) | 21(23.9) | ||
| 检验统计量值 | 2.145 | 3.934a | 0.717b | 2.229 | 1.262 | ||||
| P值 | 0.543 | 0.009 | 0.542 | 0.526 | 0.738 | ||||
| 组别 | 服用降压药[例(%)] | 夜间收缩压( | 夜间舒张压( | ALT[M(P25,P75),U/L] | AST[M(P25,P75),U/L] | BUN[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | |||
| RASS抑制剂 | β受体阻滞剂 | CCB | 利尿剂 | ||||||
| Q1组 | 54(61.4) | 44(50.0) | 70(79.5) | 13(14.8) | 132±11 | 77±10 | 21.00(13.75,30.00) | 22.50(19.00,26.25) | 5.33(4.63,6.34) |
| Q2组 | 59(67.0) | 46(52.3) | 68(77.3) | 10(11.4) | 133±10 | 76±10 | 20.00(13.00,25.25) | 22.00(17.75,27.00) | 5.85(4.94,6.88) |
| Q3组 | 56(64.4) | 34(39.1) | 62(71.3) | 14(16.1) | 133±10 | 78±10 | 21.00(15.00,33.50) | 22.00(18.00,28.50) | 5.10(4.50,6.38) |
| Q4组 | 61(69.3) | 43(48.9) | 68(77.3) | 13(14.8) | 134±10 | 75±13 | 20.00(15.75,29.25) | 22.00(18.00,26.25) | 5.74(4.75,6.91) |
| 检验统计量值 | 1.377 | 3.562 | 1.827 | 0.881 | 0.739a | 1.220a | 0.490b | 0.059b | 2.248b |
| P值 | 0.711 | 0.313 | 0.609 | 0.830 | 0.529 | 0.302 | 0.690 | 0.981 | 0.083 |
| 组别 | Scr[M(P25,P75),μmol/L] | eGFR[M(P25,P75),mL·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1] | FPG[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | TC[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | TG[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | HDL-C[M(P25,P75),mmol/L] | LDL-C( | ||
| Q1组 | 76.00(58.95,89.25) | 91.85(78.62,104.46) | 4.96(4.39,5.32) | 4.65(4.19,5.15) | 1.61(1.15,2.32) | 1.07(0.90,1.23) | 2.79±0.82 | ||
| Q2组 | 72.50(59.50,90.25) | 91.65(77.10,101.80) | 4.94(4.52,5.68) | 4.46(3.92,5.02) | 1.60(1.20,2.38) | 1.04(0.89,1.21) | 2.51±0.69 | ||
| Q3组 | 75.00(59.00,85.50) | 99.33(84.95,107.02) | 4.92(4.61,5.58) | 4.61(4.13,5.17) | 1.59(1.06,2.31) | 1.05(0.90,1.27) | 2.72±0.89 | ||
| Q4组 | 70.24(58.75,86.00) | 89.56(79.94,100.19) | 5.05(4.65,5.68) | 4.42(3.91,5.37) | 1.62(1.10,2.30) | 1.10(0.93,1.32) | 2.61±0.96 | ||
| 检验统计量值 | 0.922b | 1.258b | 1.175b | 2.155b | 0.557b | 0.632b | 2.411a | ||
| P值 | 0.430 | 0.289 | 0.319 | 0.095 | 0.644 | 0.595 | 0.068 | ||
| 组别 | 例数 | LAD(mm) | LVIDd(mm) | RAD(mm) | RVIDd(mm) | IVSd(mm) | LVPWd(mm) | LVM(g) | LVMI(g/m2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1组 | 88 | 36.50(34.00,39.00) | 45.00(43.00,47.00) | 35.00(33.00,37.25) | 21.00(20.00,23.00) | 10.00(10.00,11.00) | 10.00(10.00,11.00) | 158.69(142.37,181.29) | 88.44(81.19,98.63) |
| Q2组 | 88 | 36.50(34.00,39.25) | 45.00(43.00,48.00) | 35.00(33.75,37.25) | 21.00(20.00,22.00) | 10.00(10.00,11.00) | 10.00(10.00,11.00) | 162.82(140.47,184.56) | 90.89(82.32,98.93) |
| Q3组 | 87 | 36.00(34.00,39.00) | 45.00(43.00,47.00) | 35.00(32.00,37.00) | 22.00(20.00,23.00) | 10.00(10.00,11.00) | 10.00(10.00,11.00) | 158.69(146.62,176.98) | 91.42(81.21,101.26) |
| Q4组 | 88 | 37.00(35.00,40.00) | 46.00(44.00,49.00) | 36.00(34.00,38.00) | 21.00(20.00,22.00) | 10.00(10.00,12.00)ab | 10.00(10.00,11.00)ab | 166.56(147.71,215.09)abc | 95.50(91.35,119.37)abc |
| H值 | 1.186 | 2.085 | 1.255 | 1.356 | 2.779 | 3.199 | 4.150 | 8.503 | |
| P值 | 0.315 | 0.102 | 0.290 | 0.256 | 0.041 | 0.025 | 0.007 | <0.001 |
Table 2 Comparison of echocardiographic parameters among 4 groups of patients
| 组别 | 例数 | LAD(mm) | LVIDd(mm) | RAD(mm) | RVIDd(mm) | IVSd(mm) | LVPWd(mm) | LVM(g) | LVMI(g/m2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1组 | 88 | 36.50(34.00,39.00) | 45.00(43.00,47.00) | 35.00(33.00,37.25) | 21.00(20.00,23.00) | 10.00(10.00,11.00) | 10.00(10.00,11.00) | 158.69(142.37,181.29) | 88.44(81.19,98.63) |
| Q2组 | 88 | 36.50(34.00,39.25) | 45.00(43.00,48.00) | 35.00(33.75,37.25) | 21.00(20.00,22.00) | 10.00(10.00,11.00) | 10.00(10.00,11.00) | 162.82(140.47,184.56) | 90.89(82.32,98.93) |
| Q3组 | 87 | 36.00(34.00,39.00) | 45.00(43.00,47.00) | 35.00(32.00,37.00) | 22.00(20.00,23.00) | 10.00(10.00,11.00) | 10.00(10.00,11.00) | 158.69(146.62,176.98) | 91.42(81.21,101.26) |
| Q4组 | 88 | 37.00(35.00,40.00) | 46.00(44.00,49.00) | 36.00(34.00,38.00) | 21.00(20.00,22.00) | 10.00(10.00,12.00)ab | 10.00(10.00,11.00)ab | 166.56(147.71,215.09)abc | 95.50(91.35,119.37)abc |
| H值 | 1.186 | 2.085 | 1.255 | 1.356 | 2.779 | 3.199 | 4.150 | 8.503 | |
| P值 | 0.315 | 0.102 | 0.290 | 0.256 | 0.041 | 0.025 | 0.007 | <0.001 |
| 项目 | rs值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|
| LAD | 0.076 | 0.155 |
| LVIDd | 0.135 | 0.011 |
| RAD | 0.041 | 0.446 |
| RVIDd | 0.016 | 0.770 |
| IVSd | 0.128 | 0.016 |
| LVPWd | 0.146 | 0.006 |
| LVM | 0.162 | 0.002 |
| LVMI | 0.277 | <0.001 |
Table 3 Correlation analysis between NfL and echocardiographic parameters
| 项目 | rs值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|
| LAD | 0.076 | 0.155 |
| LVIDd | 0.135 | 0.011 |
| RAD | 0.041 | 0.446 |
| RVIDd | 0.016 | 0.770 |
| IVSd | 0.128 | 0.016 |
| LVPWd | 0.146 | 0.006 |
| LVM | 0.162 | 0.002 |
| LVMI | 0.277 | <0.001 |
| 组别 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β(95%CI) | P值 | β(95%CI) | P值 | β(95%CI) | P值 | |
| NfL分组(以Q1组为参考) | ||||||
| Q2组 | 0.045(-0.065~0.156) | 0.421 | 0.037(-0.073~0.147) | 0.514 | 0.021(-0.086~0.128) | 0.699 |
| Q3组 | 0.127(0.016~0.238) | 0.025 | 0.134(0.024~0.244) | 0.017 | 0.110(0.003~0.217) | 0.044 |
| Q4组 | 0.330(0.219~0.440) | <0.001 | 0.313(0.203~0.424) | <0.001 | 0.288(0.180~0.395) | <0.001 |
Table 4 Generalized linear model analysis of the influence of NfL on LVMI in patients with nocturnal hypertension
| 组别 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β(95%CI) | P值 | β(95%CI) | P值 | β(95%CI) | P值 | |
| NfL分组(以Q1组为参考) | ||||||
| Q2组 | 0.045(-0.065~0.156) | 0.421 | 0.037(-0.073~0.147) | 0.514 | 0.021(-0.086~0.128) | 0.699 |
| Q3组 | 0.127(0.016~0.238) | 0.025 | 0.134(0.024~0.244) | 0.017 | 0.110(0.003~0.217) | 0.044 |
| Q4组 | 0.330(0.219~0.440) | <0.001 | 0.313(0.203~0.424) | <0.001 | 0.288(0.180~0.395) | <0.001 |
| 组别 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | |
| NfL水平 | 1.011(1.008~1.015) | <0.001 | 1.011(1.007~1.015) | <0.001 | 1.012(1.007~1.016) | <0.001 |
| NfL分组(以Q1组为参考) | ||||||
| Q2组 | 1.752(0.608~5.050) | 0.299 | 1.663(0.574~4.821) | 0.349 | 1.710(0.555~5.267) | 0.350 |
| Q3组 | 3.319(1.241~8.878) | 0.017 | 3.537(1.312~9.534) | 0.013 | 3.328(1.152~9.611) | 0.026 |
| Q4组 | 9.025(3.552~22.929) | <0.001 | 8.339(3.260~21.331) | <0.001 | 9.059(3.278~25.036) | <0.001 |
Table 5 Logistic regression qnalysis of the qssociation between NfL and the risk of LVH in patients with nocturnal hypertension
| 组别 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | OR(95%CI) | P值 | |
| NfL水平 | 1.011(1.008~1.015) | <0.001 | 1.011(1.007~1.015) | <0.001 | 1.012(1.007~1.016) | <0.001 |
| NfL分组(以Q1组为参考) | ||||||
| Q2组 | 1.752(0.608~5.050) | 0.299 | 1.663(0.574~4.821) | 0.349 | 1.710(0.555~5.267) | 0.350 |
| Q3组 | 3.319(1.241~8.878) | 0.017 | 3.537(1.312~9.534) | 0.013 | 3.328(1.152~9.611) | 0.026 |
| Q4组 | 9.025(3.552~22.929) | <0.001 | 8.339(3.260~21.331) | <0.001 | 9.059(3.278~25.036) | <0.001 |
| 指标 | AUC | 95%CI | 灵敏度(%) | 特异度(%) | 最佳截断值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NfL | 0.744 | 0.680~0.807 | 75.0 | 63.3 | 99.715 pg/mL | <0.001 |
| NE | 0.618 | 0.546~0.689 | 50.0 | 69.3 | 4 058.585 pg/mL | 0.003 |
| ACh | 0.577 | 0.498~0.656 | 48.5 | 51.5 | 0.535 pg/mL | 0.048 |
| NE/ACh | 0.603 | 0.526~0.680 | 48.5 | 75.3 | 7 625.99 | 0.008 |
Table 6 Predictive value of NfL, NE, ACh, and the NE/ACh ratio for the risk of LVH in patients with nocturnal hypertension
| 指标 | AUC | 95%CI | 灵敏度(%) | 特异度(%) | 最佳截断值 | P值 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NfL | 0.744 | 0.680~0.807 | 75.0 | 63.3 | 99.715 pg/mL | <0.001 |
| NE | 0.618 | 0.546~0.689 | 50.0 | 69.3 | 4 058.585 pg/mL | 0.003 |
| ACh | 0.577 | 0.498~0.656 | 48.5 | 51.5 | 0.535 pg/mL | 0.048 |
| NE/ACh | 0.603 | 0.526~0.680 | 48.5 | 75.3 | 7 625.99 | 0.008 |
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