The detection rate of internet addiction among Chinese adolescents is high, and its harmful effects are increasingly prominent. Previous studies have indicated strong associations between childhood trauma, depressive symptoms, and academic burnout with internet addiction, while gender factors may also play a moderating role. However, the underlying mechanisms among these variables remain to be further investigated.

This study aims to construct a moderated chain mediation model to examine the relationships among childhood trauma, depressive symptoms, academic burnout, gender, and internet addiction, providing a theoretical basis for prevention and intervention.

In February 2022, students from all 10 secondary schools in a district of Chengdu were selected as the study subjects. General information was collected through questionnaires, and childhood trauma, depressive symptoms, academic burnout, and internet addiction levels were assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form (CTQ-SF), Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ-9), Adolescent Academic Burnout Scale (AABS), and Internet Addiction Diagnostic Scale for Adolescents (IADDS), respectively. Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between the scores of the scales. Moderated chain mediation model analysis was performed using the SPSS macro program Process 3.5, and Bootstrap method was used to test the mediation and moderation effects. Simple slope analysis was applied to compare the interaction effects.

A total of 34 534 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 84.60%. Among them, 5 869 adolescents self-reported childhood trauma experiences and completed the CTQ-SF scale, which were included in the final analysis. Correlation analysis showed that the CTQ-SF score was positively correlated with the PHQ-9 score (r_s=0.266, P<0.01), AABS score (r_s=0.203, P<0.01), and IADDS score (r_s=0.156, P<0.01). The PHQ-9 score was positively correlated with both the AABS score (r_s=0.307, P<0.01) and the IADDS score (r_s=0.184, P<0.01). The AABS score was positively correlated with the IADDS score (r_s=0.278, P<0.01). PHQ-9 scores and AABS scores partially mediated the relationship between CTQ-SF scores and IADDS scores, accounting for 13.51% and 16.22% of the total effect, respectively. The chain mediation effect of both was 10.81% of the total effect. Gender moderated the relationship between CTQ-SF scores and PHQ-9 scores (β=0.020, P<0.01) and IADDS scores (β=-0.013, P<0.01). The simple slope analysis showed that the predictive effect of CTQ-SF scores on male IADDS scores (β=0.029, P<0.001) was significantly higher than on females (β=0.016, P<0.001); whereas the predictive effect of CTQ-SF scores on female PHQ-9 scores (β=0.085, P<0.001) was significantly higher than on males (β=0.064, P<0.001).

Depression symptoms and academic burnout play a chain mediating role in the relationship between childhood trauma and internet addiction. Childhood trauma predicts internet addiction more strongly in males, while its predictive effect on depression symptoms is stronger in females.

我国青少年网络成瘾的检出率高且危害性日益凸显。现有研究表明，童年创伤、抑郁症状和学业倦怠与网络成瘾密切相关，并可能受到性别影响。然而，这些变量间的作用机制仍需进一步深入探讨。

构建有调节的链式中介模型，探讨童年创伤、抑郁症状、学业倦怠、性别与网络成瘾间的关系，为预防和干预提供理论依据。

于2022年2月，选取成都市某区10所中学的学生为研究对象。通过问卷收集一般信息并通过童年期创伤问卷简版（CTQ-SF）、患者健康问卷抑郁量表（PHQ-9）、青少年学业倦怠量表（AABS）、中学生网络成瘾诊断量表（IADDS）分别评估童年创伤、抑郁症状、学业倦怠及网络成瘾水平。使用Spearman秩相关分析各量表评分之间的相关性，采用SPSS宏程序Process 3.5进行有调节的链式中介模型分析，并通过Bootstrap法检验中介与调节效应，通过简单斜率分析法比较交互效应。

共回收有效问卷34 534份，问卷有效回收率为84.60%。其中，5 869名青少年自我报告了童年创伤经历，并完成CTQ-SF量表，被最终纳入分析。Spearman秩相关分析显示，CTQ-SF得分与PHQ-9得分（r_s=0.266，P<0.01）、AABS得分（r_s=0.203，P<0.01）、IADDS得分（r_s=0.156，P<0.01）呈正相关，PHQ-9得分与AABS得分（r_s=0.307，P<0.01）、IADDS得分（r_s=0.184，P<0.01）呈正相关，AABS得分与IADDS得分呈正相关（r_s=0.278，P<0.01）。PHQ-9得分和AABS得分在CTQ-SF得分与IADDS得分间具有部分中介作用，分别占总效应的13.51%和16.22%，二者链式中介作用占总效应的10.81%。性别在CTQ-SF得分与PHQ-9得分（β=0.020，P<0.01）和IADDS得分（β=-0.013，P<0.01）间具有调节作用。简单斜率分析结果显示，CTQ-SF得分对男性IADDS得分的预测效应（β=0.029，P<0.001）明显高于女性（β=0.016，P<0.001）；而对女性PHQ-9得分的预测效应（β=0.085，P<0.001）则明显高于男性（β=0.064，P<0.001）。

抑郁症状与学业倦怠在童年创伤与网络成瘾关系中发挥链式中介作用；童年创伤对男性网络成瘾的预测作用强于女性，而对女性抑郁症状的预测作用强于男性。