Chinese General Practice ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (32): 4015-4023.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0334

Special Issue: 社区卫生服务最新研究合辑

• Original Research·Multimorbidity Section • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Treatment Burden of Disabled Persons with Multimorbidity in the Community and Its Influencing Factors

  

  1. 1. Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
    2. Department of General Practice, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
    3. The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2050, Australia
    4. School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
    5. Department of General Practice, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
  • Received:2024-10-15 Revised:2025-07-25 Published:2025-11-15 Online:2025-09-23
  • Contact: FANG Lizheng, XU Zhijie

社区残疾人慢性病共病治疗负担现状及其影响因素研究

  

  1. 1.310016 浙江省杭州市,浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院全科医学科
    2.200092 上海市,同济大学医学院全科医学系
    3.2050澳大利亚悉尼,新南威尔士大学乔治全球健康研究院
    4.3010澳大利亚墨尔本,墨尔本大学人口与全球健康学院
    5.310009 浙江省杭州市,浙江大学医学院附属第二医院全科医学科
  • 通讯作者: 方力争, 徐志杰
  • 作者简介:

    作者贡献:

    严明、董佳惠进行文章的构思与设计、统计学处理、结果分析与解释、论文撰写;赵洋、方力争、徐志杰负责研究的实施与可行性分析、文章的质量控制及审校;严明、陆益婷进行数据收集、录入数据、文献收集。

  • 基金资助:
    浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2023KY748)

Abstract:

Background

The prevalence of multimorbidity is high among disabled persons, and the problem of their treatment burden is particularly severe. However, the treatment burden for disabled persons with multimorbidity in the community and its influencing factors have not been well studied.

Objective

This study aimed to elucidate the current situation and factors influencing the treatment burden of multimorbidity among disabled persons living in the community. The findings were intended to inform the formulation of policies for managing community-based multimorbidity and to enhance the quality of healthcare services.

Methods

This study was conducted in a community in Hangzhou from November 2023 to January 2024, a random sampling method was employed to select disabled individuals with chronic comorbidities participating in community rehabilitation programmes within a specific neighbourhood as survey subjects. Relevant information about disabled persons was collected through home visits using tools such as the General Information Questionnaire, Objective and Subjective Social Isolation Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) , European Quality of Life Five Dimension Five Level Scale Questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) , and Multimorbidity Treatment Burden Questionnaire (MTBQ) . The analysis of the collected data was performed using both descriptive statistics and ordinal logistic regression to delineate the current status of treatment burden and to identify its significant influencing factors.

Results

A total of 235 disabled persons were surveyed, with 220 valid questionnaires recovered, yielding a response rate of 93.6%. The mean age of the disabled persons was (71.1±10.2) years, with a roughly equal gender distribution, including 109 females (49.5%) . Six types of disabilities were included, among which physical disability accounted for the largest proportion (164 cases, 74.5%) ; grade 3 disability was the most common (100 cases, 45.5%) . Sixty-eight cases (30.9%) were in the abnormal BMI range group, and 120 cases (54.5%) took ≥3 types of medications. Regarding the MWI, 83 cases (37.7%) scored over 3-6 points (excluding 3 points) , and 78 cases (35.5%) scored >6 points. A total of 41 types of chronic diseases were included, with hypertension having the highest prevalence (118 cases, 53.6%) . The median Barthel Index of disabled persons was 75 (55, 90) , with 76.3% of disabled persons experiencing moderate to severe disability. The mean score of depressive symptoms was (15.8±8.8) , and 53.1% had depressive tendencies or depression. Seventy-two cases (32.7%) had objective social isolation (score of 3-5 points) , and 100 cases (45.5%) had subjective social isolation (score of 19-27 points) . The median health utility value for quality of life was 0.48 (0.23, 0.74) , and 125 cases (56.8%) had self-rated health status≤50 points. Seventy-five cases (34.1%) had moderate multimorbidity treatment burden (10-<22 points) , and 93 cases (42.3%) had high multimorbidity treatment burden (≥22 points) . Ordinal Logistic regression analysis showed that Barthel index (OR=0.957, 95%CI=0.936-0.978) , taking 3 types of medications (OR=2.517, 95%CI=1.454-4.362) , higher MWI (>3-6 points: OR=3.908, 95%CI=1.931-7.909; >6 points: OR=2.954, 95%CI=1.468-5.948) , subjective social isolation≥20 points (OR=1.906, 95%CI=1.112-3.271) , objective social isolation 3-5 points (OR=1.863, 95%CI=1.009-3.435) , presence of depressive symptoms (OR=4.711, 95%CI=2.625-8.457) , and self-rated health status ≤50 points (OR=4.609, 95%CI=2.524-8.423) were influencing factors for the severity of multimorbidity treatment burden of chronic diseases in disabled persons (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

The majority of disabled persons within this community bear a high level of treatment burden due to multimorbidity. Policies catering to the management of chronic illnesses and the provision of healthcare services for this demographic ought to take into account the factors influencing treatment burden. Particularly, there is a need for improvement in daily living capabilities and mental health status, along with addressing polypharmacy and social isolation issues.

Key words: Disabled persons, Treatment burden, Multimorbidity, Influencing factors

摘要:

背景

慢性病共病在残疾人中的患病率较高,治疗负担问题尤为严重,但社区残疾人慢性病共病的治疗负担现状及其影响因素尚不明确。

目的

探明社区残疾人慢性病共病治疗负担现状及影响因素,为社区残疾人慢性病管理政策的制定与医疗卫生服务质量的改进提供科学依据。

方法

2023年11月—2024年1月,采用随机抽样法抽取杭州市某社区患有慢性病共病且参与社区康复的残疾人作为调查对象,使用一般资料调查表、客观及主观社会隔离量表、流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)、欧洲五水平五维健康量表(EQ-5D-5L)以及慢性病共存治疗负担问卷(MTBQ)等工具入户收集残疾人相关信息。分别采用描述性分析法和有序Logistic回归分析探究治疗负担的现状及其影响因素。

结果

共调查235例残疾人,回收有效问卷220份,有效回收率为93.6%;研究对象的平均年龄为(71.1±10.2)岁,男女比例相当,其中女109例(49.5%);共纳入6种残疾类型,肢体残疾164例(74.5%);残疾程度3级100例(45.5%);BMI异常范围组68例(30.9%);用药数量≥3种120例(54.5%);共病加权指数(MWI)>3~6分83例(37.7%),MWI>6分78例(35.5%);共纳入了41种慢性病,其中患病率最高的慢性病为高血压118例(53.6%)。研究对象的Barthel指数中位数为75(55,90)分,其中76.3%的残疾人为中重度失能;抑郁症状平均评分(15.8±8.8)分,其中53.1%存在抑郁倾向或抑郁;客观社会隔离评分3~5分72例(32.7%);主观社会隔离评分19~27分100例(45.5%);生存质量健康效用值中位数为0.48(0.23,0.74)分;自评健康状况评分≤50分125例(56.8%)。中度共病治疗负担(10~<22分)75例(34.1%),高度共病治疗负担(≥22分)93例(42.3%)。有序Logistic回归分析结果显示,Barthel指数(OR=0.957,95%CI=0.936~0.978)、用药数量≥3种(OR=2.517,95%CI=1.454~4.362)、MWI较高(>3~6分,OR=3.908,95%CI=1.931~7.909;>6分,OR=2.954,95%CI=1.468~5.948)、主观社会隔离≥20分(OR=1.906,95%CI=1.112~3.271)、客观社会隔离3~5分(OR=1.863,95%CI=1.009~3.435)、存在抑郁症状(OR=4.711,95%CI=2.625~8.457)、自评健康状况≤50分(OR=4.609,95%CI=2.524~8.423)是残疾人慢性病共病治疗负担严重程度的影响因素(P<0.05)。

结论

在社区多数罹患慢性病共病的残疾人治疗负担水平较高。针对该人群的慢性病管理政策与医疗卫生服务需要考虑到影响治疗负担的相关因素,尤其需要注重提高日常活动能力和心理健康水平,并解决多重用药和社会隔离问题。

关键词: 残疾人, 治疗负担, 慢性病共病, 影响因素