Chinese General Practice ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (32): 4009-4014.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0403

• Original Research·Multimorbidity Section • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Influence of Multiple Chronic Conditions on Health Impairment in Middle-aged and Elderly People

  

  1. 1. School of Humanities and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
    2. Ningxia Blood Center, Yinchuan 750004, China
  • Received:2024-09-24 Revised:2025-01-02 Published:2025-11-15 Online:2025-09-23
  • Contact: TANG Rong

中老年人慢性病共病对健康受损的影响研究

  

  1. 1.750004 宁夏回族自治区银川市,宁夏医科大学人文与管理学院
    2.750004 宁夏回族自治区银川市,宁夏血液中心
  • 通讯作者: 汤榕
  • 作者简介:

    作者贡献:

    史晓洁负责研究的构思与设计、统计分析,撰写论文初稿;杨晓花、马春芳参与论文修订;汤榕负责论文的质量控制,对文章整体负责。

  • 基金资助:
    宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(2023AAC03233); 宁夏医科大学校级科学研究重点项目(XE2024022)

Abstract:

Background

China's population aging intensifies, and the prevalence rate of chronic diseases among middle-aged and old people is rising sharply. The comorbidities of chronic diseases are closely related to the impaired health of middle-aged and elderly people, threatening the health of middle-aged and elderly people. However, at present, there are few relevant studies on the middle-aged and elderly groups in Ningxia.

Objective

To explore the relationship between multiple chronic conditions and health impairment in middle-aged and elderly people in Ningxia.

Methods

From June to August 2022, a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select 2 000 middle-aged and elderly people from 10 districts (counties) in Yinchuan City, Shizuishan City and Guyuan City of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region for a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire covered three parts: basic information of middle-aged and elderly people, the prevalence of chronic diseases, and the situation of health impairment. The Logit model and propensity score matching (PSM) were used to analyze the impact of chronic disease comorbidity on health impairment among middle-aged and elderly people in Ningxia region.

Results

A total of 1 997 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective recovery rate of 99.85%. The prevalence of multimorbidity among middle-aged and elderly people in Ningxia was 20.93% (418/1 997) , and the prevalence of health impairment was 12.52% (250/1 997) . There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence of health impairment among middle-aged and elderly people with different genders, ages, marital statuses, educational levels, living alone status, smoking history, weekly exercise frequency, per capita annual household income, and whether they had received economic support from their children (P<0.05) . The Logit model results showed that gender, age, educational level, drinking history, weekly exercise frequency, and multimorbidity were the influencing factors of health impairment among middle-aged and elderly people (P<0.05) . Compared with non-multimorbid individuals, the probability of health impairment among multimorbid middle-aged and elderly people was 6.6% higher. After controlling for other factors that could affect the health impairment of middle-aged and elderly people, the average treatment effect of multimorbidity on health impairment was 0.246.

Conclusion

The coexistence of chronic diseases among middle-aged and elderly people increases the risk of health impairment. To reduce the risk of health impairment among middle-aged and elderly people, efforts should be made to enhance the prevention, treatment and publicity of chronic disease coexistence, and raise their awareness of self-management of chronic disease coexistence.

Key words: Multiple chronic conditions, Activities of daily living, Middle-aged and elderly people, Logit model, Propensity score matching, Ningxia

摘要:

背景

我国人口老龄化加剧,中老年人群慢性病患病率急剧攀升。慢性病共病与中老年健康受损状况密切相关,威胁着中老年人群的健康,但目前针对宁夏地区中老年群体的相关研究较少。

目的

探讨宁夏地区中老年人慢性病共病对健康受损的影响。

方法

于2022年6—8月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样法在宁夏回族自治区银川市、石嘴山市、固原市的10个区(县)抽取中老年人2 000名进行问卷调查。问卷内容包括中老年人的基本情况、慢性病患病情况、健康受损情况3部分。采用Logit模型和倾向得分匹配法(PSM)分析宁夏地区中老年人慢性病共病对健康受损的影响。

结果

共回收有效问卷1 997份,问卷有效回收率为99.85%。宁夏地区中老年人的慢性病共病发生率为20.93%(418/1 997),健康受损发生率为12.52%(250/1 997)。不同性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、独居情况、吸烟史、周锻炼次数、家庭人均年收入、子女给过经济支持情况中老年人的健康受损发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logit模型结果显示:性别、年龄、文化程度、饮酒史、周锻炼次数、慢性病共病是中老年人发生健康受损的影响因素(P<0.05)。相比于非慢性病患者,慢性病共病中老年人的健康受损概率高出6.6%。在控制了其他会对中老年人健康受损产生影响的因素后,慢性病共病对健康受损的平均处理效应值为0.246。

结论

中老年人慢性病共病会增加健康受损的发生风险。为降低中老年人健康受损风险,应加大慢性病共病防治与宣传力度,提高中老年人慢性病共病健康自我管理意识。

关键词: 慢性病共病, 日常生活活动能力, 中老年人, Logit模型, 倾向得分匹配, 宁夏