Despite ongoing adjustments and optimizations to fertility policies, deficiencies persist in contraceptive service provision for pregnant and postpartum women, potentially increasing the risk of unintended and short-interval pregnancies. Currently, contraceptive decision-making is largely concentrated in the postpartum period, with relatively delayed timing, whereas prenatal contraceptive decision-making remains insufficiently addressed.

To investigate maternal preferences and associated factors regarding the three contraceptive decision-making models—physician-led, patient-led, and shared decision-making—with a particular focus on their needs for postpartum contraceptive decision-making during the prenatal period.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among women aged 18-45 years who delivered healthy live births between January and July 2023 at Wuzhong People's Hospital and Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital and attended postpartum follow-up visits at (42±7) days. The questionnaire gathered information on participants' demographic characteristics, the current status of prenatal contraceptive decision-making services, postpartum contraceptive practices, and contraceptive decision-making preferences. Maternal contraceptive decision-making preferences were assessed using the Problem Solving Decision-making (PSDM) Scale. Multiple Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors influencing maternal preferences for contraceptive decision-making.

In this study, a total of 650 questionnaires were collected. After excluding 34 due to duplicate data and significant missing values, 616 valid questionnaires were included in the final analysis. Among these, 612 postpartum women (99.4%) had not received any antenatal contraceptive decision-making services, while only 4 (0.6%) had. Of the 4 women who received such services, 1 relied on doctor- (or nurse-) led decision-making, while 3 preferred autonomous decision-making. A total of 533 (86.5%) participants expressed a need for shared decision-making regarding postpartum contraception during the prenatal period, and 545 (88.5%) were willing to receive shared decision-making services for postpartum contraception before delivery. Multiple Logistic regression analysis indicated that, compared with a preference for autonomous decision-making, acceptance of postpartum shared decision-making services was a significant factor influencing the preference for shared decision-making (OR=0.231, 95%CI=0.062-0.864, P<0.05) .

Maternal acceptance of the shared decision-making model for contraception is relatively high, yet the actual receipt of related services remains low. Efforts should be made to enhance pregnant and postpartum women's awareness of and participation in shared decision-making during the prenatal period, promoting the integration of prenatal and postpartum contraceptive services to further safeguard maternal and infant health.

近年来，现行生育政策虽不断调整优化，但在孕产妇避孕服务保障方面仍存在一定不足，可能导致部分产妇面临非意愿妊娠及短间隔妊娠的潜在风险。目前避孕决策多集中于产后，时机相对滞后，而产前避孕决策较少。

探讨产妇对3种避孕决策模式（医生主导、患者自主与共享决策）的偏好情况及其影响因素，重点关注其在产前阶段对产后避孕决策的需求情况。

对2023年1—7月在吴忠市人民医院和银川市妇幼保健院建档并分娩健康活产儿且在产后（42±7）d复查的18~45岁产妇进行问卷调查。问卷内容主要分为4个方面：产妇的一般人口学特征；产妇的一般人口学特征；产前避孕决策服务现状；产后避孕情况；调查对象避孕决策情况（避孕决策偏好）。通过使用问题解决决策量表（PSDM）划分产妇的避孕决策偏好情况。采用多元Logistic回归分析探讨产妇对避孕决策偏好的影响因素。

本研究共调查并收集问卷650份，其中排除数据重复及严重缺失34份，最终纳入分析的有效问卷为616份。本次调查的616名产妇中，612名（99.4%）产妇在产前未接受过任何避孕决策相关服务，仅4名（0.6%）产妇接受了此类服务。在接受产前服务的4名产妇中，1名产妇由医生（护士）主导选择避孕方法，3名产妇更倾向于自主决策。533名（86.5%）产妇在产前阶段对产后避孕共享决策有需求，545名（88.5%）产妇愿意在产前接受产后避孕共享决策的服务。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示，与偏好自主决策相比，产前阶段对产后避孕决策的接受情况是偏好共享决策的影响因素（OR=0.231，95%CI=0.062~0.864，P<0.05）。

产妇对避孕共享决策模式的接受度高，但实际获得相关服务的比例较低。应加强孕产妇在产前阶段对共享决策的了解和参与，推动产前和产后避孕服务相结合，进一步保障母婴健康。