The occurrence and development of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) -associated hypertension is not only driven by traditional risk factors like obesity, the prevalence is much higher in individuals with fluid retention, suggesting the potential role of sodium in the pathogenesis.

To identify the urinary sodium excretion in patients with OSA-associated hypertension in Kunming City, and its correlation with the severity of OSA and hypertension.

A retrospective analysis was performed on 493 patients diagnosed with OSA-associated hypertension at the Hypertension Center of Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University from 2019 to 2021. According to the results of apnea hypopnea index (AHI), patients were divided into mild (5 times/h≤AHI <15 times/h), moderate (15 times/h ≤AHI <30 times/h) and severe (AHI≥30 times/h) groups. Clinical characteristics, laboratory testing, polysomnographic (PSG) data, and ambulatory blood pressure were compared among three groups. The correlation of 24-hour urinary sodium excretion with PSG data, ambulatory blood pressure, BMI, age, gender, glomerular function, urinary protein and other indicators was identified. Multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for 24-hour urinary sodium excretion in patients with OSA-associated hypertension.

Among 493 patients with OSA-associated hypertension, 103 were in the mild group, 187 in the moderate group, and 203 in the severe group. The 24-hour urinary sodium excretion was significantly higher in the severe group than the mild and moderate groups (P<0.05). There were significant differences in the AHI, low oxygen saturation (LSaO₂), mean oxygen saturation (MSaO₂), and nighttime mean systolic blood pressure (nSBP) among the three groups (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation of 24-hour urinary sodium excretion with AHI, BMI, 24-h mean systolic blood pressure (24 hMSBP), 24-h mean diastolic blood pressure (24 hMDBP), and male gender (r=0.223, 0.126, 0.109, 0.226, r_s=0.177, respectively; all P<0.05), there was negatively correlated with LSaO₂, MSaO₂, and age (r=-0.103, -0.090, -0.098, P<0.05). Multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis showed that the increase of AHI, 24 hMSBP, BMI, and male gender were all independent risk factors for 24-hour urinary sodium excretion in patients with OSA-associated hypertension (P<0.05) .

The 24-hour urinary sodium excretion is significantly higher in patients with severe OSA-associated hypertension than those with mild and moderate condition. Urinary sodium excretion is correlated with AHI, 24-h blood pressure, BMI, male gender, among which AHI has a strong correlation. AHI and blood pressure synergistically affect urinary sodium excretion in patients with OSA-associated hypertension, with a more pronounced effect posed by AHI.

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）相关高血压的发生、发展不仅由肥胖等传统危险因素驱动，OSA相关高血压的患病率在体液潴留状态患者中也较高，提示钠在OSA相关高血压的发病机制中可能发挥潜在作用。

探究昆明地区OSA相关高血压患者尿钠排泄情况及其与OSA严重程度及血压之间的关系。

回顾性选取2019—2021年在昆明医科大学附属延安医院高血压中心明确诊断为OSA相关性高血压的患者493例为研究对象。根据多导睡眠呼吸监测（PSG）的指标呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）结果将OSA相关高血压患者分为轻度组（5次/h≤AHI<15次/h）、中度组（15次/h≤AHI<30次/h）、重度组（AHI≥30次/h）。比较3组患者的临床特征、实验室检查指标、PSG指标及动态血压，并进行24 h尿钠排泄量与PSG指标、动态血压、BMI、年龄、性别及肾小球功能、尿蛋白等各项指标的相关性分析。通过多元线性逐步回归分析探究OSA相关高血压患者24 h尿钠排泄量的影响因素。

493例OSA相关高血压患者中轻度组103例、中度组187例、重度组203例。重度组24 h尿钠排泄量高于轻、中度组（P<0.05）。3组患者AHI、最低血氧饱和度（LSaO₂）、平均血氧饱和度（MSaO₂）、夜间平均收缩压（nMSBP）比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.0）。24 h尿钠排泄量与AHI、BMI、24 h平均收缩压（24 hMSBP）、24 h平均舒张压（24 hMDBP）、性别（男性）呈正相关（r=0.223、0.226、0.126、0.109，r_s=0.177，P<0.05），与LSaO₂、MSaO₂及年龄呈负相关（r=-0.103、-0.090、-0.098，P<0.05）。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示，AHI、24 hMSBP、BMI升高及性别（男性）是24 h尿钠排泄的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。

在OSA相关高血压患者中，重度组24 h尿钠排泄量明显高于轻、中度组。24 h尿钠排泄与AHI、24 h血压、BMI、性别（男性）、年龄有关，其中AHI相关性较强。AHI和血压共同影响OSA相关高血压患者的尿钠排泄量，其中AHI的影响强于血压的影响。