In 2024, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) has updated three editions of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer. These updates encompass multiple crucial areas of diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up monitoring for gastric cancer. It elevates the significance of next-generation sequencing in precision therapy for gastric cancer, refines the limitations for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) testing and first-line immunotherapy in advanced stages. Adjustments have been made to the preoperative medication cycle for neoadjuvant immunotherapy, a new NTRK-targeted therapy drug was added in the second-line therapy, and a more detailed approach to postoperative monitoring and supplementation for nutritional deficiencies has been introduced. Notably, this version marks the first inclusion of endoscopic treatment pathways for early-stage gastric cancer and diagnostic and treatment pathways for single peritoneal metastasis in advanced gastric cancer. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive elaboration on the application principles of several emerging surgical techniques combined with intraperitoneal treatments. The updated content fully embodies the trend towards precision, personalized, and multidisciplinary treatment. This article will focus on the diagnosis, surgical treatment, systemic treatment, follow-up monitoring and other aspects of the guideline, in order to provide guidance and help for clinical practice.

2024年，美国国立综合癌症网络（NCCN）先后更新了3版《胃癌临床实践指南》。这些更新内容涵盖了胃癌诊疗和随访监测的多个关键领域，不仅提升了二代测序在胃癌精准治疗中的地位，完善了新增EB病毒（EBV）检测和晚期一线免疫治疗的限定条件，还调整了新辅助免疫治疗术前用药的周期，新增了一种神经营养酪氨酸受体激酶（NTRK）靶向治疗药物，并细化了术后营养缺乏监测和补充的项目，更为重要的是首次增加了早期胃癌的内镜治疗和晚期胃癌单一腹膜转移的诊疗路径，并较为详细地阐述了几个新兴的外科联合腹腔内治疗的应用原则。更新的内容充分体现了精准化、个体化、多学科治疗的趋势。本文将对指南中有关诊断、外科治疗、系统治疗、随访监测等方面进行重点解读，以期为临床实践提供指导和帮助。