
Chinese General Practice ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (05): 560-567.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0226
Special Issue: 心理健康最新文章合辑; 老年问题最新文章合辑; 老年人群健康最新文章合辑; 睡眠问题专题研究
• Original Research • Previous Articles Next Articles
Received:2024-07-10
Revised:2024-09-10
Published:2025-02-15
Online:2024-11-25
Contact:
WANG Yuling
通讯作者:
王玉玲
作者简介:作者贡献:
周梅负责研究构思和设计,论文构思和撰写,对论文负责;杨爱琼和邢英负责研究构思和设计、图表制作;王玉玲负责研究构思和设计,论文修订、审读,经费支持。
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URL: https://www.chinagp.net/EN/10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0226
| 组别 | 例数 | 年龄[M(P25,P75),岁] | 慢性病[M(P25,P75),种] | 午睡时长[名(%)] | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 不午睡 | <30 min | 30~59 min | 60~89 min | 90~119 min | ≥120 min | ||||||
| 无抑郁组 | 6 188 | 67.0(63.0,71.0) | 0(0,1) | 2 077(33.57) | 348(5.62) | 824(13.32) | 1 683(27.20) | 400(6.46) | 856(13.83) | ||
| 抑郁组 | 2 045 | 67.0(63.0,72.0) | 0(0,1) | 796(38.93) | 133(6.50) | 226(11.05) | 508(24.84) | 100(4.89) | 282(13.79) | ||
| χ2(Z)值 | -1.982a | -8.783a | 30.350 | ||||||||
| P值 | 0.047 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| 组别 | 夜间睡眠时间[名(%)] | 性别[名(%)] | 目前的婚姻状态[名(%)] | 日常生活能力[名(%)] | |||||||
| ≥8h | 7~<8 h | 6~<7 h | 5~<6 h | <5 h | 男 | 女 | 在婚 | 未婚/分居/离异/丧偶 | 正常 | 失能 | |
| 无抑郁组 | 1 459(23.58) | 1 045(16.89) | 1 517(24.51) | 1 087(17.57) | 1 080(17.45) | 3 356(54.23) | 2 832(45.77) | 5 029(81.27) | 1 159(18.73) | 5 942(96.02) | 246(3.98) |
| 抑郁组 | 337(16.48) | 219(10.71) | 371(18.14) | 392(19.17) | 726(35.50) | 808(39.51) | 1 237(60.49) | 1 533(74.96) | 512(25.04) | 1 793(87.68) | 252(12.32) |
| χ2(Z)值 | 331.384 | 133.289 | 37.794 | 188.454 | |||||||
| P值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||||
| 组别 | 是否经常因为疼痛而难受[名(%)] | 体力活动[名(%)] | 过去1年内是否住过院[名(%)] | ||||||||
| 完全没有 | 有一点 | 有一些 | 比较多 | 非常多 | 不活动 | 轻度 | 中度 | 强度 | 无 | 有 | |
| 无抑郁组 | 2 920(47.19) | 1 832(29.61) | 563(9.10) | 460(7.43) | 413(6.67) | 624(10.08) | 1 672(27.02) | 1 970(31.84) | 1 922(31.06) | 4 924(79.57) | 1 264(20.43) |
| 抑郁组 | 443(21.66) | 527(25.77) | 262(12.81) | 347(16.97) | 466(22.79) | 274(13.40) | 473(23.13) | 570(27.87) | 728(35.60) | 1 431(69.98) | 614(30.02) |
| χ2(Z)值 | 790.538 | 42.073 | 80.415 | ||||||||
| P值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| 组别 | 自评健康状况[名(%)] | 生活满意度[名(%)] | |||||||||
| 很好 | 好 | 一般 | 不好 | 很不好 | 一点也不满意 | 不太满意 | 比较满意 | 非常满意 | 极其满意 | ||
| 无抑郁组 | 792(12.80) | 830(13.41) | 3 309(53.47) | 1 006(16.26) | 251(4.06) | 72(1.16) | 213(3.44) | 3 274(52.91) | 2 318(37.46) | 311(5.03) | |
| 抑郁组 | 78(3.81) | 101(4.94) | 857(41.91) | 666(32.57) | 343(16.77) | 141(6.89) | 373(18.24) | 1 047(51.20) | 434(21.22) | 50(2.45) | |
| χ2(Z)值 | 801.500 | 813.436 | |||||||||
| P值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||||||
| 组别 | 高血压[名(%)] | 心脏病[名(%)] | 糖尿病或血糖升高[名(%)] | 血脂异常[名(%)] | 癌症等恶性肿瘤[名(%)] | ||||||
| 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | ||
| 无抑郁组 | 5 726(92.53) | 462(7.47) | 5 835(94.30) | 353(5.70) | 5 905(95.43) | 283(4.57) | 5 675(91.71) | 513(8.29) | 6 135(99.14) | 53(0.86) | |
| 抑郁组 | 1882(92.03) | 163(7.97) | 1 879(91.88) | 166(8.12) | 1 915(93.64) | 130(6.36) | 1 842(90.07) | 203(9.93) | 2 021(98.83) | 24(1.17) | |
| χ2(Z)值 | 0.558 | 15.149 | 10.262 | 5.184 | 1.668 | ||||||
| P值 | 0.455 | <0.001 | 0.001 | 0.023 | 0.197 | ||||||
| 组别 | 慢性肺部疾患[名(%)] | 哮喘[名(%)] | 胃部疾病或消化系统疾病[名(%)] | 肝脏疾病[名(%)] | 肾脏疾病[名(%)] | ||||||
| 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | ||
| 无抑郁组 | 5 922(95.70) | 266(4.30) | 6 064(98.00) | 124(2.00) | 5 878(94.99) | 310(5.01) | 6 052(97.80) | 136(2.20) | 5 977(96.59) | 211(3.41) | |
| 抑郁组 | 1 924(94.08) | 121(5.92) | 1 977(96.67) | 68(3.33) | 1 913(93.55) | 132(6.45) | 1 974(96.53) | 71(3.47) | 1 928(94.28) | 117(5.72) | |
| χ2(Z)值 | 8.985 | 11.781 | 6.318 | 10.179 | 21.468 | ||||||
| P值 | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.012 | 0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| 组别 | 情感及精神问题[名(%)] | 卒中[名(%)] | 与记忆有关的疾病[名(%)] | 帕金森病[名(%)] | 关节炎或风湿病[名(%)] | ||||||
| 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | ||
| 无抑郁组 | 6 144(99.29) | 44(0.71) | 6 066(98.03) | 122(1.97) | 5 958(96.28) | 230(3.72) | 6 141(99.24) | 47(0.76) | 5 806(93.83) | 382(6.17) | |
| 抑郁组 | 1 996(97.60) | 49(2.40) | 1 948(95.26) | 97(4.74) | 1 872(91.54) | 173(8.46) | 2 000(97.80) | 45(2.20) | 1 876(91.74) | 169(8.26) | |
| χ2(Z)值 | 39.076 | 45.604 | 74.268 | 28.883 | 10.760 | ||||||
| P值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 | ||||||
Table 1 Comparison of general characteristics between non depressive and depressive elderly individuals
| 组别 | 例数 | 年龄[M(P25,P75),岁] | 慢性病[M(P25,P75),种] | 午睡时长[名(%)] | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 不午睡 | <30 min | 30~59 min | 60~89 min | 90~119 min | ≥120 min | ||||||
| 无抑郁组 | 6 188 | 67.0(63.0,71.0) | 0(0,1) | 2 077(33.57) | 348(5.62) | 824(13.32) | 1 683(27.20) | 400(6.46) | 856(13.83) | ||
| 抑郁组 | 2 045 | 67.0(63.0,72.0) | 0(0,1) | 796(38.93) | 133(6.50) | 226(11.05) | 508(24.84) | 100(4.89) | 282(13.79) | ||
| χ2(Z)值 | -1.982a | -8.783a | 30.350 | ||||||||
| P值 | 0.047 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| 组别 | 夜间睡眠时间[名(%)] | 性别[名(%)] | 目前的婚姻状态[名(%)] | 日常生活能力[名(%)] | |||||||
| ≥8h | 7~<8 h | 6~<7 h | 5~<6 h | <5 h | 男 | 女 | 在婚 | 未婚/分居/离异/丧偶 | 正常 | 失能 | |
| 无抑郁组 | 1 459(23.58) | 1 045(16.89) | 1 517(24.51) | 1 087(17.57) | 1 080(17.45) | 3 356(54.23) | 2 832(45.77) | 5 029(81.27) | 1 159(18.73) | 5 942(96.02) | 246(3.98) |
| 抑郁组 | 337(16.48) | 219(10.71) | 371(18.14) | 392(19.17) | 726(35.50) | 808(39.51) | 1 237(60.49) | 1 533(74.96) | 512(25.04) | 1 793(87.68) | 252(12.32) |
| χ2(Z)值 | 331.384 | 133.289 | 37.794 | 188.454 | |||||||
| P值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||||
| 组别 | 是否经常因为疼痛而难受[名(%)] | 体力活动[名(%)] | 过去1年内是否住过院[名(%)] | ||||||||
| 完全没有 | 有一点 | 有一些 | 比较多 | 非常多 | 不活动 | 轻度 | 中度 | 强度 | 无 | 有 | |
| 无抑郁组 | 2 920(47.19) | 1 832(29.61) | 563(9.10) | 460(7.43) | 413(6.67) | 624(10.08) | 1 672(27.02) | 1 970(31.84) | 1 922(31.06) | 4 924(79.57) | 1 264(20.43) |
| 抑郁组 | 443(21.66) | 527(25.77) | 262(12.81) | 347(16.97) | 466(22.79) | 274(13.40) | 473(23.13) | 570(27.87) | 728(35.60) | 1 431(69.98) | 614(30.02) |
| χ2(Z)值 | 790.538 | 42.073 | 80.415 | ||||||||
| P值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| 组别 | 自评健康状况[名(%)] | 生活满意度[名(%)] | |||||||||
| 很好 | 好 | 一般 | 不好 | 很不好 | 一点也不满意 | 不太满意 | 比较满意 | 非常满意 | 极其满意 | ||
| 无抑郁组 | 792(12.80) | 830(13.41) | 3 309(53.47) | 1 006(16.26) | 251(4.06) | 72(1.16) | 213(3.44) | 3 274(52.91) | 2 318(37.46) | 311(5.03) | |
| 抑郁组 | 78(3.81) | 101(4.94) | 857(41.91) | 666(32.57) | 343(16.77) | 141(6.89) | 373(18.24) | 1 047(51.20) | 434(21.22) | 50(2.45) | |
| χ2(Z)值 | 801.500 | 813.436 | |||||||||
| P值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||||||||
| 组别 | 高血压[名(%)] | 心脏病[名(%)] | 糖尿病或血糖升高[名(%)] | 血脂异常[名(%)] | 癌症等恶性肿瘤[名(%)] | ||||||
| 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | ||
| 无抑郁组 | 5 726(92.53) | 462(7.47) | 5 835(94.30) | 353(5.70) | 5 905(95.43) | 283(4.57) | 5 675(91.71) | 513(8.29) | 6 135(99.14) | 53(0.86) | |
| 抑郁组 | 1882(92.03) | 163(7.97) | 1 879(91.88) | 166(8.12) | 1 915(93.64) | 130(6.36) | 1 842(90.07) | 203(9.93) | 2 021(98.83) | 24(1.17) | |
| χ2(Z)值 | 0.558 | 15.149 | 10.262 | 5.184 | 1.668 | ||||||
| P值 | 0.455 | <0.001 | 0.001 | 0.023 | 0.197 | ||||||
| 组别 | 慢性肺部疾患[名(%)] | 哮喘[名(%)] | 胃部疾病或消化系统疾病[名(%)] | 肝脏疾病[名(%)] | 肾脏疾病[名(%)] | ||||||
| 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | ||
| 无抑郁组 | 5 922(95.70) | 266(4.30) | 6 064(98.00) | 124(2.00) | 5 878(94.99) | 310(5.01) | 6 052(97.80) | 136(2.20) | 5 977(96.59) | 211(3.41) | |
| 抑郁组 | 1 924(94.08) | 121(5.92) | 1 977(96.67) | 68(3.33) | 1 913(93.55) | 132(6.45) | 1 974(96.53) | 71(3.47) | 1 928(94.28) | 117(5.72) | |
| χ2(Z)值 | 8.985 | 11.781 | 6.318 | 10.179 | 21.468 | ||||||
| P值 | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.012 | 0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| 组别 | 情感及精神问题[名(%)] | 卒中[名(%)] | 与记忆有关的疾病[名(%)] | 帕金森病[名(%)] | 关节炎或风湿病[名(%)] | ||||||
| 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 无 | 有 | ||
| 无抑郁组 | 6 144(99.29) | 44(0.71) | 6 066(98.03) | 122(1.97) | 5 958(96.28) | 230(3.72) | 6 141(99.24) | 47(0.76) | 5 806(93.83) | 382(6.17) | |
| 抑郁组 | 1 996(97.60) | 49(2.40) | 1 948(95.26) | 97(4.74) | 1 872(91.54) | 173(8.46) | 2 000(97.80) | 45(2.20) | 1 876(91.74) | 169(8.26) | |
| χ2(Z)值 | 39.076 | 45.604 | 74.268 | 28.883 | 10.760 | ||||||
| P值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 | ||||||
| 变量 | β | SE | Z值 | P值 | OR(95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 常数项 | -1.258 | 0.417 | -3.014 | 0.003 | 0.284(0.126~0.644) |
| 午睡时长 | |||||
| 不午睡 | 1 | ||||
| <30 min | 0.024 | 0.125 | 0.190 | 0.849 | 1.024(0.801~1.309) |
| 30~59 min | -0.206 | 0.097 | -2.116 | 0.034 | 0.814(0.673~0.985) |
| 60~89 min | -0.036 | 0.075 | -0.477 | 0.634 | 0.965(0.833~1.118) |
| 90~119 min | -0.021 | 0.132 | -0.162 | 0.871 | 0.979(0.756~1.267) |
| ≥120 min | 0.070 | 0.092 | 0.757 | 0.449 | 1.072(0.895~1.285) |
| 夜间睡眠时间 | |||||
| ≥8 h | 1 | ||||
| 7~<8 h | -0.075 | 0.104 | -0.721 | 0.471 | 0.927(0.756~1.138) |
| 6~<7 h | 0.007 | 0.092 | 0.080 | 0.936 | 1.007(0.841~1.206) |
| 5~<6 h | 0.159 | 0.094 | 1.694 | 0.090 | 1.173(0.975~1.410) |
| <5 h | 0.534 | 0.088 | 6.056 | <0.001 | 1.705(1.435~2.027) |
| 性别 | |||||
| 男 | 1 | ||||
| 女 | 0.367 | 0.061 | 5.969 | <0.001 | 1.443(1.279~1.627) |
| 目前的婚姻状态 | |||||
| 在婚 | 1 | ||||
| 未婚/分居/离异/丧偶 | 0.200 | 0.074 | 2.713 | 0.007 | 1.221(1.057~1.410) |
| 日常生活能力 | |||||
| 正常 | 1 | ||||
| 失能 | 0.501 | 0.112 | 4.454 | <0.001 | 1.650(1.324~2.058) |
| 是否经常因为疼痛而难受 | |||||
| 完全没有 | 1 | ||||
| 有一点 | 0.321 | 0.077 | 4.151 | <0.001 | 1.379(1.185~1.605) |
| 有一些 | 0.633 | 0.100 | 6.316 | <0.001 | 1.883(1.547~2.291) |
| 比较多 | 0.862 | 0.100 | 8.636 | <0.001 | 2.368(1.947~2.880) |
| 非常多 | 1.038 | 0.100 | 10.348 | <0.001 | 2.825(2.320~3.439) |
| 体力活动 | |||||
| 不活动 | 1 | ||||
| 轻度 | -0.231 | 0.104 | -2.217 | 0.027 | 0.794(0.648~0.974) |
| 中度 | -0.152 | 0.103 | -1.476 | 0.140 | 0.859(0.703~1.051) |
| 强度 | 0.219 | 0.102 | 2.160 | 0.031 | 1.245(1.021~1.519) |
| 自评健康状况 | |||||
| 很好 | 1 | ||||
| 好 | 0.070 | 0.164 | 0.427 | 0.669 | 1.073(0.778~1.479) |
| 一般 | 0.496 | 0.132 | 3.761 | <0.001 | 1.642(1.268~2.126) |
| 不好 | 0.992 | 0.141 | 7.022 | <0.001 | 2.698(2.045~3.559) |
| 很不好 | 1.384 | 0.162 | 8.519 | <0.001 | 3.990(2.902~5.486) |
| 生活满意度 | |||||
| 一点也不满意 | 1 | ||||
| 不太满意 | 0.108 | 0.184 | 0.588 | 0.557 | 1.114(0.777~1.596) |
| 比较满意 | -1.229 | 0.164 | -7.499 | <0.001 | 0.293(0.212~0.403) |
| 非常满意 | -1.652 | 0.169 | -9.784 | <0.001 | 0.192(0.138~0.267) |
| 极其满意 | -1.886 | 0.227 | -8.307 | <0.001 | 0.152(0.097~0.237) |
| 卒中 | |||||
| 无 | 1 | ||||
| 有 | 0.479 | 0.188 | 2.548 | 0.011 | 1.615(1.117~2.334) |
| 帕金森病 | |||||
| 无 | 1 | ||||
| 有 | 0.570 | 0.265 | 2.149 | 0.032 | 1.768(1.051~2.974) |
Table 2 Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of depression in elderly people
| 变量 | β | SE | Z值 | P值 | OR(95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 常数项 | -1.258 | 0.417 | -3.014 | 0.003 | 0.284(0.126~0.644) |
| 午睡时长 | |||||
| 不午睡 | 1 | ||||
| <30 min | 0.024 | 0.125 | 0.190 | 0.849 | 1.024(0.801~1.309) |
| 30~59 min | -0.206 | 0.097 | -2.116 | 0.034 | 0.814(0.673~0.985) |
| 60~89 min | -0.036 | 0.075 | -0.477 | 0.634 | 0.965(0.833~1.118) |
| 90~119 min | -0.021 | 0.132 | -0.162 | 0.871 | 0.979(0.756~1.267) |
| ≥120 min | 0.070 | 0.092 | 0.757 | 0.449 | 1.072(0.895~1.285) |
| 夜间睡眠时间 | |||||
| ≥8 h | 1 | ||||
| 7~<8 h | -0.075 | 0.104 | -0.721 | 0.471 | 0.927(0.756~1.138) |
| 6~<7 h | 0.007 | 0.092 | 0.080 | 0.936 | 1.007(0.841~1.206) |
| 5~<6 h | 0.159 | 0.094 | 1.694 | 0.090 | 1.173(0.975~1.410) |
| <5 h | 0.534 | 0.088 | 6.056 | <0.001 | 1.705(1.435~2.027) |
| 性别 | |||||
| 男 | 1 | ||||
| 女 | 0.367 | 0.061 | 5.969 | <0.001 | 1.443(1.279~1.627) |
| 目前的婚姻状态 | |||||
| 在婚 | 1 | ||||
| 未婚/分居/离异/丧偶 | 0.200 | 0.074 | 2.713 | 0.007 | 1.221(1.057~1.410) |
| 日常生活能力 | |||||
| 正常 | 1 | ||||
| 失能 | 0.501 | 0.112 | 4.454 | <0.001 | 1.650(1.324~2.058) |
| 是否经常因为疼痛而难受 | |||||
| 完全没有 | 1 | ||||
| 有一点 | 0.321 | 0.077 | 4.151 | <0.001 | 1.379(1.185~1.605) |
| 有一些 | 0.633 | 0.100 | 6.316 | <0.001 | 1.883(1.547~2.291) |
| 比较多 | 0.862 | 0.100 | 8.636 | <0.001 | 2.368(1.947~2.880) |
| 非常多 | 1.038 | 0.100 | 10.348 | <0.001 | 2.825(2.320~3.439) |
| 体力活动 | |||||
| 不活动 | 1 | ||||
| 轻度 | -0.231 | 0.104 | -2.217 | 0.027 | 0.794(0.648~0.974) |
| 中度 | -0.152 | 0.103 | -1.476 | 0.140 | 0.859(0.703~1.051) |
| 强度 | 0.219 | 0.102 | 2.160 | 0.031 | 1.245(1.021~1.519) |
| 自评健康状况 | |||||
| 很好 | 1 | ||||
| 好 | 0.070 | 0.164 | 0.427 | 0.669 | 1.073(0.778~1.479) |
| 一般 | 0.496 | 0.132 | 3.761 | <0.001 | 1.642(1.268~2.126) |
| 不好 | 0.992 | 0.141 | 7.022 | <0.001 | 2.698(2.045~3.559) |
| 很不好 | 1.384 | 0.162 | 8.519 | <0.001 | 3.990(2.902~5.486) |
| 生活满意度 | |||||
| 一点也不满意 | 1 | ||||
| 不太满意 | 0.108 | 0.184 | 0.588 | 0.557 | 1.114(0.777~1.596) |
| 比较满意 | -1.229 | 0.164 | -7.499 | <0.001 | 0.293(0.212~0.403) |
| 非常满意 | -1.652 | 0.169 | -9.784 | <0.001 | 0.192(0.138~0.267) |
| 极其满意 | -1.886 | 0.227 | -8.307 | <0.001 | 0.152(0.097~0.237) |
| 卒中 | |||||
| 无 | 1 | ||||
| 有 | 0.479 | 0.188 | 2.548 | 0.011 | 1.615(1.117~2.334) |
| 帕金森病 | |||||
| 无 | 1 | ||||
| 有 | 0.570 | 0.265 | 2.149 | 0.032 | 1.768(1.051~2.974) |
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