Global developmental delay (GDD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood whose clinical manifestations are diverse. Currently, there are few large sample analyses of the gender differences of clinical manifestations in GDD children in China.

To investigate the gender differences of clinical data in GDD children.

Seven hundred and ninety-nine GDD children who received initial inpatient treatment from Department of Child Rehabilitation, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2020 to February 2022 were recruited. Clinical data including maternal data in pregnancy and the perinatal period, and general data, measurement results of EEG, brain MRI, the Chinese version of Gesell Developmental Scales-Revised of the children and comorbidity rate were retrospectively collected. Gender differences of clinical data of GDD children were analyzed.

The ratio of male children (n=568) to female children (n=231) was 2.46∶1. The age of first visit in male children〔19.0 (8.8, 33.0) 〕 was older than that of female children〔12.7 (6.8, 27.0) 〕 (P<0.05). The chief complaint was motor retardation (51.1%, 118/231) in female children, and language retardation (41.4%, 235/568) in male children. There were significant differences in chief complaint, birth season, gestational age at birth, gestational age at birth in relation to birth weight, birth weight classification and fine motor classification between male and female children (P<0.05). Male children had lower rates of fetal intrauterine distress, EEG abnormalities and microcephaly and higher rate of autism spectrum disorder than female children (P<0.05) .

There are gender differences in some clinical data of children with GDD. Male children have higher prevalence of GDD, and females have more clinical symptoms.

全面性发育迟缓（GDD）是儿童时期常见的神经发育障碍性疾病；其临床表现多样，目前国内鲜有大样本分析该类患儿临床表现的性别差异。

探究GDD患儿临床资料的性别差异。

回顾性收集2020年1月—2022年2月在郑州大学第三附属医院儿童康复科首次住院治疗的799例GDD患儿的临床资料，包括患儿一般资料、母亲妊娠期和围生期资料、患儿脑电图、患儿颅脑MRI和患儿Gesell量表结果及共患病情况，分析GDD患儿临床资料的性别差异。

男GDD患儿568例，女GDD患儿231例，男女比例为2.46∶1。男性患儿首次就诊月龄〔19.0（8.8，33.0）个月〕晚于女性患儿〔12.7（6.8，27.0）个月〕（P<0.05）；女性患儿以运动发育迟缓（51.1%，118/231）为主要就诊原因，男性患儿以语言发育迟缓（41.4%，235/568）为主要就诊原因。不同性别患儿主要就诊原因、出生季节、出生胎龄、出生胎龄体质量关系、出生体质量分类、精细动作分级比例比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。男性患儿宫内窘迫、脑电图异常、小头畸形比例低于女性患儿，孤独症谱系障碍（ASD）比例高于女性患儿（P<0.05）。

GDD患儿的部分临床资料存在性别差异，GDD患儿中以男性为主，女性患儿临床症状较多。