Abstract:

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of human mortality worldwide. Autophagy, a highly conserved metabolic pathway in which organelles and macromolecules are degraded by lysosomes and recycled, is essential for maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis and function, but excessive or insufficient autophagy could result in cardiovascular disease. A growing body of research has demonstrated that exercise is a critical component in preventing onset and improving the prognosis of cardiovascular disease. Exercise regulates autophagy bidirectional and dynamically. In cardiovascular disease caused by excessive or insufficient autophagy, exercise can restore autophagy level and function, delaying the progression of the disease, and improving ventricular remodeling. We reviewed the main mechanisms of autophagy and signaling pathways, as well as the beneficial effect of exercise-induced autophagy on prognosis of cardiovascular disease, and summarized that the mechanism of exercise regulating autophagy in cardiovascular diseases is beneficial to improving prognosis and reducing the incidence of cardiovascular events, but the mechanism for prognosis improvement is still not fully elaborated and needs further study.

Key words: Cardiovascular diseases, Myocardial infarction, Exercise, Autophagy, Review

摘要：

心血管疾病是全球人类死亡的主要原因。自噬是一种高度保守的新陈代谢途径，其中溶酶体降解细胞器和大分子物质并循环利用，对心血管稳态和功能至关重要，但过度或不足的自噬可导致心血管疾病。越来越多的研究证明，运动是预防和改善心血管疾病预后的重要方法。运动调节自噬是双向和动态的过程。对于自噬过度或不足引起的心血管疾病，运动可恢复自噬水平及功能，延缓心血管疾病的进展，改善心室重构。本文综述了自噬的主要作用机制及信号通路，以及运动调节自噬有益于改善心血管疾病预后的作用，得出运动对心血管疾病自噬的调节机制有益于改善心血管疾病患者预后，降低心血管疾病事件发生率，但其改善心血管疾病预后的机制仍未充分阐述清楚，有待进一步研究。

关键词: 心血管疾病, 心肌梗死, 运动, 自噬, 综述