Abstract: Objective　To analyze the etiological profile of fever of unknown origin（FUO），so as to improve the clinical level of early diagnosis of this disease.Methods　 We enrolled 4 243 cases of FUO from the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from 2009 to 2016，and analyzed their demographic data （sex and age） and clinical data （consultation department，diagnostic method，classification of etiology and outcome）.Results　The participants received treatment mainly from respiratory medicine department〔33.73%（1 431/4 243）〕，general practice department〔27.90%（1 184/4 243）〕，rheumatology and immunology department〔11.81% （501/4 243）〕，and infectious disease department〔9.50% （403/4 243）〕.The definite diagnosis was finally made in 3 823 with a rate of 90.10%.The etiologies were infectious diseases〔75.58%（3 207/4 243）〕，autoimmune diseases〔7.54% （320/4 243）〕，neoplasms〔2.74% （116/4 243）〕，miscellaneous causes〔4.24% （180/4 243）〕 and unidentified causes〔9.90% （420/4 243）〕，respectively.15 died during hospitalization，accounting for 0.35%.Conclusion　The causes of FUO are multitudinous.Nevertheless，most of the cases can obtain a definite diagnosis finally based on careful analysis and various examinations.

Key words: Fever of unknown origin, Cause, Diagnosis

摘要： 目的　分析不明原因发热（FUO）的病因分布，旨在提高临床对FUO的早期诊断水平。方法　选取2009—2016年河北医科大学第二医院符合FUO诊断标准的4 243例患者为研究对象。查阅患者病历资料，记录患者基本信息（性别、年龄）、就诊科室、诊断方法、病因分类、预后情况。结果　4 243例FUO患者主要就诊于呼吸内科（1 431例，33.73%）、全科医疗科（1 184例，27.90%）、免疫风湿科（501例，11.81%）、感染性疾病科（403例，9.50%）。3 823例患者最终明确诊断，确诊率达90.10%。病因分别为：感染性疾病（3 207例，75.58%）、免疫性疾病（320例，7.54%）、肿瘤性疾病（116例，2.74%）、其他原因（180例，4.24%）、病因不明（420例，9.90%）。15例患者住院期间死亡，病死率为0.35%。结论　FUO病因繁多，在充分评估患者病情，合理运用各种临床诊查手段的基础上，大多数FUO可明确诊断。

关键词: 原因不明发热, 病因, 诊断