Abstract: Progress in computed tomography（CT） imaging technology has led to a significant increase in the detection rate of solitary pulmonary nodules.Although health awareness is improving，the early signs of pulmonary nodules are becoming more difficult to identify due to the effects of many factors.If pulmonary nodules can be fully evaluated as benign or malignant at the early stage，this would have a positive effect.This article summarizes and reviews the diagnostic value of related factors such as age，gender，serum tumor markers，CT imaging features，smoking history，and previous tumor history in patients with benign and malignant solitary pulmonary nodules.

Key words: Solitary pulmonary nodule, Lung neoplasms, Risk factors, Review

摘要： 孤立性肺结节的检出率随着CT影像技术的进步，有着显著的上升，并且当代人们对健康的意识也越来越强，而早期结节的性质由于多种因素的影响较难鉴别，因此，肺结节的良恶性如果能够在初期得到全面的评估，将具有积极的意义。本文对良恶性孤立性肺结节患者的年龄、性别、血清肿瘤标志物、CT影像学特点、吸烟史、既往肿瘤史等相关因素的价值做一综述。

关键词: 孤立性肺结节, 肺肿瘤, 危险因素, 综述